Flashcards on Psych Quiz 6
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what are the Top Unresolved Issues in Psychology?
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Depression Suicide PTSD Abuse Eating Disorders Addiction Morality in Psychology (Agentic theory)
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"I beseech you, brethren, (ye know the house of Stephanas, that it is the first fruits of Achaia, and that they have _______________ themselves to the ministry of the saints,)" ~ Corinthians 16:15
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addicted
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"The ___________________ is really the only uniquely personal thing we have to place on God's altar. The many other things we 'give' are actually the things He has already given or loaned to us." Neal A. Maxwell
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submission of one's will
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who was Frankl?
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Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist as well as a Holocaust survivor.
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what was Frankl the founder of?
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logotherapy, which is a form of Existential Analysis, the "Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy".
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what was his book "man's search for meaning about?"
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chronicles his experiences as a concentration camp inmate which led him to discover the importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, even the most sordid ones, and thus a reason to continue living.
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frankl became one of the key figures in _______________ and a prominent source of inspiration for ________________
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existential therapy, humanistic psychologists
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As news began to surface following WWII of the inhumanity and atrocities of war _____________________, the "common" individual was shocked to discover the extent of war's horrors.
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the Nuremburg Trials
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what did Allport think of Frankl?
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Many prominent psychologists, including Gordon Allport, realized that Frankl's experiences of survival paralleled in many important ways, the recovery of individuals from mental illness. Allport states, that Frankl takes a surprisingly hopeful view of man's capacity to transcend his predicament and discover an adequate guiding truth.
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"the outstanding characteristic of human beings is their _________________ and... the major goal of personality psychology is the ________________________________ of that individuality"- allport
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individuality, understanding and appreciation
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Allport also comments that Man's Search For Meaning "... provides a compelling introduction to the most significant psychological movement of our day." what psychological movement is he referring to?
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Personality and Individuality movement
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what is logotherapy?
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Frank's own approach to psychotherapy
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logotherapy helps to form what?
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the theoretical underpinnings of nearly every other traditional and contemporary approach to psychotherapy
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what are the 3 general themes of Man's Search For Meaning?
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1. main emphasis: sources of strength to survive and even thrive 2. surviving can be summed up in the words of Nietzsche: "He who has a Why to live can bear almost any How 3. Frankl kept himself and hope alive by thinking of loved ones and dreaming that he would someday be lecturing about the psychological lessons learned from his Auschwitz experience
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what his Frankl's book and logotherapy based on?
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that meaning is essential for psychological wellbeing
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logo therapy involves finding meaning to ______________
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heal the soul
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what is psycholthighmia?
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chronic mania????
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Korean suicide most common death by
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bullet
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how many phases of mental reactions of camp prisoners were there?
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3
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what is the first phase?
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shock The disbelief that reality exceeds our most horrid fears. The sense of identity loss and freedom. The pervasive feeling that it "cannot be true." My past is meaningless. The illusion of hope is finally destroyed. The thought of suicide, at least initially, is entertained.
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what are the physiological advantages of shock?
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Numbness - physiological and psychological Metabolism slows down Lose focus on the essentials Simplify to basic needs, such as food, clothing, fatigue Action becomes important
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what are the physiological disadvantages of shock?
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Not eating Being stunned but sometimes expected to move forward and ignore circumstances Body shuts down, blood leaves extremities and the brain Fight and flight (adrenaline) can't be maintained; may have a detrimental toll on the body through cortisol long-term effects HPA axis (hypothalamus pituitary adrenal), homeostasis, allostasis
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what is the second phase of mental reactions of camp prisoners?
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apathy
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what is apathy?
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Normal reactions to suffering and death became odd curiosities not to be ignored, but simply to be observed. Mental anguish takes precedent over physical pain. Degrading insults and epitaphs were more brutal than the beatings.
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what is the third phase of mental reactions of prisoners?
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liberation
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what did Frankl mean by liberation?
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Frankl felt actual liberation when the American forces arrived but also a liberation of the soul...
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what are the psychological advantages of apathy?
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No longer afraid of death and suffering; emotionless/numb Conserve mental energy for physical activities Denial (ego-defense mechanism) Helps us to get out of the state of shock Activities can still be accomplished
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what are the psychological disadvantages of apathy?
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Difficult to learn to care again; painful rebound Motivation for survival is reduced; might get comfortable with being apathetic Disconnect with people; isolated way of life Might learn bad coping mechanisms More prone to illness (both physical and mental); immune system takes a hit Opposition and joy
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"Another time, we were at work in a trench. The dawn was grey around us; the sky above was grey; grey the snow and the pale light of dawn; grey the rags in which my fellow prisoners were clad, and grey their faces. I was again conversing silently with my wife, or perhaps I was struggling to find the reason for my suffering, my slow dying. In a last violent protest against the hopeless of eminent death, I sense my spirit piercing through the enveloping gloom
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ultimate questions
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At that moment, a light was lit in a distant farmhouse that stood on the horizon, as if painted there, "Et lux in tenebris lucent" - and the light shineth in the darkness...
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ultimate answers
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Between stimulus and response there is ______________ In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." - Viktor Frankl
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a space
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According to Frankl, "_____________often results from attempts to fill our existential vacuums with material things or hedonistic pleasures. Instead, we should seek ways to find more meaning in our lives."
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Neurosis
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what is objectification?
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The process of dehumanization which allow the Nazis to perform atrocities, such as experiments, labor camps, and gas chambers
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Without music, "I would not be alive" who said that?
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George Horner
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what is lobotomy?
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operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain which severs the nerve pathways to other areas
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what are the results of lobotomy?
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personality loss; independency loss; "vacant-minded"
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who was william glassner?
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pyschiatrist and successful author, choice theory instead of medication
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what did glassner compare?
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medication effects to effects of lobotomy
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who was john forbes nash?
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shizophrenic, willed himself back
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what did glassner believe about medication?
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it doesn't fix disorders, just hides symptoms, whereas choice theory can fix disorders
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what did glasses think choices were based on?
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internal motivation
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what is our internal motivation?
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five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, freedom, fun, and power
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how does choice theory fit into our lives?
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our only chance for mental health and happiness is to learn to replace external control with choice theory
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what is external control?
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way of thinking that leads us to treat others as a means to an end
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what is choice theory?
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don't need counseling because it teaches individuals how to change themselves; changes them on a deep level not just their symptoms
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what does choice therapy allow people to do ?
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regain their mental health and happiness and get along much better than they do now with the important people in their lives
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what would happen if the American Counseling Association would take and implement Glasser's ideas of choice theory?
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billions of dollars spent on drug treatment would be reduced
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what are the 3 viennese schools of psychology?
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alder's individual psychology freud's psychoanalysis frankl's logotherapy
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how is service a form of logo therapy?
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"lose yourself to find yourself"
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who was viktor frankl?
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austrian neurologist and psychiatrist
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what was frankl the founder of?
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logotherapy
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what is logo therapy?
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finding meaning in suffering
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what is logo therapy a form of?
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existential analysis
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what book did frankl write?
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man's search for meaning
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"curing the soul by leading it to find _________"
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meaning in life
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"he who has a ___ to live can bear almost any ____"
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why, how
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how did frankl find the will to survive the holocaust?
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by thinking of loved ones and dreaming he would one day lecture about the psychological lessons learned from Auschwitz
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how did Frankl's dream become reality?
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he wrote Man's Search for Meaning, lectured students and professionals and developed and practiced logotherapy
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Man's Search For Meaning and logo therapy are based on the premise that _____________________
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meaning is essential for psychological well-being
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what did Frankl learn from Aushchwitz?
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1. meaning oriented individuals were most likely to survive 2. 3 possible sources for meaning
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what are the 3 sources for meaning?
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1. work (contribution to self, family, and community) 2. love (caring for another person) 3. courage (ability to draw upon resources both within and without the individual during difficult times)
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what is logo therapy?
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finding meaning to heal the soul
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what does "logos" mean
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greek for "meaning"
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what is physical liberation
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state of inner suspense followed by total relaxation
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what is mental liberation
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"depersonalization"
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what are the effects of liberation?
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anger, becomes the oppressor inability to feel eating a lot taking a while to talk, but once you start you can't stop
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what are the long term effects of liberation?
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laughing and happy even when discussing the past describes himself as elated to be performing the music that got him through his time in the concentration camp
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what is objectification
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the process of dehumanization
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according to Frankl, what does neurosis often result from?
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attempts to fill our existential vacuums with material things or hedonistic pleasures
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who did Frankl say survived Aushchwitz?
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those who were oriented toward a meaning in the future were most likely to survive
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what is meaning derived from?
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an event to be fulfilled in the future a person to be reunited with in the future
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where does the why of survival come from?
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outside the self
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If we find and are cognizant the real meaning (according to Frankl) we will be willing to _________
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sacrifice and suffer and undergo stress.
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what did 16% of students say?
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their main goal was to make money
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what did 78% of students say?
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expressed a concern for finding a meaning and purpose in life
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what was the metaphor of flying that he Frankl used?
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head further than your desired destination to actually land at desired place
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if we make man as he really is we make him _______, but if we overestimate man we promote him to _______
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worse, what he can really be
