PSYCH FINAL EXAM PART 4 – Flashcards

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Gloria is a tax accountant who is very busy from January to April 15, which is the tax return filing deadline. She feels that she must work very long hours during this time to meet the April 1 deadline for al her clients. Gloria is experiencing
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pressure
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Which of the following countries is considered to be an individualistic culture?
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Great Britain
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____________ are habitual targets of displaced aggression
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scapegoats
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Saadat is walking to the front of the classroom in preparation for his class presentation. He notices his heart races, his palms are sweaty, and he has a general sense of increase in energy. According to the general adaption syndrome, which phase of the stress response is he in?
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alarm phase
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Which theory of personality was a direct reaction against the psychoanalytic and behaviorist perspective?
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humanistic perspective
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According to Freud and his followers, what is the most significant event that occurs during the anal stage of psychosexual development?
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the child is toilet trained
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Personality assessments conducted by behaviorists sometimes make use of
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rating scales and frequency counts
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What was the basis for Freud's development of his theory of the Oedipus conflict?
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he did not believe the stories his female patients told about being abused by their fathers and other family member were real memories
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Kim is Vietnamese. She is currently dealing with stress: taking care of her children, working full time, financial difficulties, and going to school. Kim's culture suggests which of the following to help cope with these many stressors?
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seeing a fortune teller
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When Freud referred to the sexual drive of babies and young children, to what was he really referring to?
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the fact that children focus on their bodies to give them physical pleasure
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What is the correct sequence of Freud's psychosexual stages?
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oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
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The most extreme form of escape or withdrawal from frustration is
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suicide
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One limitation of the trait perspective compared to the other perspectives is there is not much
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desription
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A person in the ___________ stage of the general adaption syndrome may feel better even though he or she continues to secrete hormones to help the body fight a stressor
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resistance
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In which psychosexual stage do sexual interests reawaken and become stronger?
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genital
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If you are completing a paper/pencil test that requires you to read statements and indicate true or false as to whether or not they apply to you, then you are likely taking a(n)
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personality inventory
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Mary is studying for her math test. Her boyfriend Marcus asks if she can go to the movies with him. She would love to go, but she knows she has to study in order to take the test and pass the class. What part of Mary's personality will tell her to stay home and study because passing the class is necessary for her to graduate?
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superego because it is the moral conscience of personality
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Freud's refusal to believe his patients who said they were sexually molested as children is an example of
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interviewer bias
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Ken wants to go to law school because he believes being a lawyer will bring him prestige and good income. However, he is not sure he should attend because he is very concerned about the hard work and money it will involve. Ken is faced with a
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double approach-avoidance
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According to Freud, a boy's sexual attachment to his mother and jealousy of his father is called
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the Oedipus complex
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According to the research of Latane and Darley, which of the following situations would be the most likely in which someone would offer to help?
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person falling down coming out of the elevator with only one other person in it
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People who exert less effort on a task when working in a group than they do when working individually are engaging in
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social loafing
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Many people hang up on telemarketers but others will listen politely to their pitches even if they are not interested in the product. Telemarketers know that anyone who agrees to listen to a pitch is more likely to buy the product thanks to the _________ phenomenon
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foot in the door
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While watching Jeopardy, your roommate says "Alex Trebeck knows all the answers. He must be a genius. You tell your roommate she probably would not have said that if she had attended class the day the instructor discussed the topic of
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fundamental attribution errors
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How does the jigsaw classroom operate?
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each student is given a piece of information that must b shared to solve a problem
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A state of tension that occurs when a person's attitudes do not match the person's action is called
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cognitive dissonance
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John has practiced his difficult trumpet solo over and over before his performance. He has played it perfectly in his practice room. However when he performs in public, he makes mistakes due to his anxiety. John is a victim of
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social impairment
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Asch found that the likelihood of conformity increased with group size until _______ confederates were present
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4
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The part of the person's self concept that is based on his or her identification with a particular social group in society is called
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social identity
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According to social identity theory, individuals view their own group favorably so as to
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think of themselves more favorably
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Prejudice is a(n) ________ whereas discrimination is a(n) _______
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attitude-behavior
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Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance?
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you believe reality tv is for morons but you are obsessed with American idol and watch every episode
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Herbiw and Irene have been married for almost 55 years. Through it all they have remained committed to each other and have been as close as two people can be. Over the years, the passion has waned but they still stayed together. Stermberg would call this type of love
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companionate
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Roberta is trying to decide whether to vote for a political candidate. Based on what she has read about him, she has concluded that he is not qualified for the position but she agrees with his political positions. Also she trusts him and likes his decisive personality. In fact she likes him so much that she send a small donation to his campaign. Her trust of the candidate represents the ____ component of her attitude toward him
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affective
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What is the term for the process of developing our first knowledge about another person?
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impression formation
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Which of the following is the best example of the behavioral component of an attitude?
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betty writes a letter to her senator asking for support of a law making corporations responsible for pollution
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Social psychology is the scientific study of how a person's behavior, thoughts, and feelings are influenced by
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the real, imagined, or implied presence of others
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According to the research on implicit personality theory, who among the following is most likely to think that personality is a changeable thing?
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chinese
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The classic Robber's Cave study showed that prejudice can be reduced by
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cooperating to meet a mutually beneficial goal
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The realistic conflict theory focuses on conflict
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between 2 groups
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What do psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures?
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cultural syndromes
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Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) seems to be related to
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low levels of sunlight
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His was the first recorded attempt to explain abnormal behavior as due to some biological process
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Hippocrates
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Which of the following is an example of subjective discomfort?
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worrying about everything most of the time
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Any pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes harm to others, or harms their ability to function in daily life is called
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psychological disorder
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Which model of abnormality explains abnormal behavior as the result of a set of learned responses?
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behavioral
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Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible if something should go wrong is called
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agoraphobia
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Which of the following types of anxiety disorders is related to a history of shyness in childhood?
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social anxiety disorder
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Fear of snakes, thunderstorms, darkness, and water are classified as _________ phobias
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specific
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What is the most frequently diagnosed anxiety disorder in the United States?
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specific phobia
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________ is used to help psychological professionals diagnose psychological disorders
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the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-dsm
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The psychodynamic model holds that abnormal behavior is the result of
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repressed thoughts, memories, and concerns
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Gigi, who has schizophrenia, believes that she was sent by God to one day rule the world. Her belief is an example of a(n)
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delusion
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding the research on post traumatic stress disorder?
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men are more vulnerable than women
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What was the most likely outcome for a person who was mentally ill and accused of being a witch during the Renaissance?
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death
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What is the difference between generalized anxiety disorder and phobic disorder?
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phobic disorder is linked to specific triggers-generalized anxiety disorder is not
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What are three symptoms of bulimia nervosa?
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recurring episodes of binge eating, inappropriate behavior, and body shape and weight excessively influences the person's self image
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A patient in a psychiatric hospital exhibits disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, and hallucinations. This person is probably suffering from
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schizophrenia
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The biological model views psychological disorders as resulting from
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physiological causes
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Of the five known human sensory systems, which type of hallucination is the most common?
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auditory
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