question

1. Identifying which general class of problems to which a presenting problem belongs is known as a(n) ____ strategy. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. classification d. categorical Answer

answer

b

question

2. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is a publication of the a. American Psychological Association b. International Association of Psychologists c. American Psychiatric Association d. National Institutes of Mental Health; Answer

answer

a

question

3. Quantifying a person's moods, behaviors, and cognitions on a scale/continuum constitutes a(n) ___ approach to understanding psychopathology. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. dimensional d. prototypical; Answer

answer

c

question

4. Using the Multi-axial system of DSM-IV, disorders such as Major Depressive Episode, anxiety disorders, and learning disorders are coded on ___ a. Axis I b. Axis II c. Axis III d. Axis IV; Answer

answer

a;

question

5. In the DSM-IV, psycho-social and environmental problems are coded on __. a. Axis II b. Axis III c. Axis IV d. Axis V; Answer

answer

c;

question

6. What advances in technology have been used to treat anxiety disorders? a. Using body electrodes to stimulate/teach muscle relaxation techniques b. Exposure through virtual reality c. Periodic self-checking of anxiety levels, using a PDA d. Use of emergency response pagers during panic attacks; Answer

answer

b;

question

7. When engaged in cognitive restructuring with an anxious patient, what is the typical last step in the process of restructuring therapy session? a. Assign a homework assignment b. Discouraging "all or nothing" thinking c. Recommending consultation with a psychiatrist d. Reviewing muscle relaxation techniques; Answer

answer

a. ;

question

8. All of the following are steps in the "Systematic Desensitization" process of changing anxious behavior, EXCEPT a. Creating an anxiety hierarchy b. Adjusting distorted "anxious" thinking styles c. Exposing the anxious person to one of the situations in their anxiety hierarchy d. During exposure, teaching the person to use relaxation techniques to control the anxiety; Answer

answer

b;

question

9. When medications are prescribed to help people manage anxiety, all the following neurotransmitter networks are targeted, EXCEPT a. Serotonin networks b. Nor-adrenaline networks c. Dopamine networks d. Benzodiazepine/GABA networks; Answer

answer

c;

question

10. What are the three basic components/ areas targeted by psychologists when treating anxiety disorders? a. Existential, Emotional, Cognitive b. Behavioral, Physiological, Cognitive c. Emotional, Cognitive, Behavioral d. Existential, Physiological, Behavioral; Answer

answer

b;

question

11. The rapid-cycling specifier refers to an individual with bipolar disorder who experiences at least __ episodes in a year a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8; Answer

answer

b;

question

12. Jane is diagnosed with bipolar II disorder. You can expect that she will experience a. Full manic episodes b. Hypomanic episodes c. Both manic and hypomanic episodes d. Neither manic nor hypomanic episodes; Answer

answer

b;

question

13. The postpartum onset specifier is used to characterize a severe manic or depressive episode with psychotic features that occurs in a woman following __. a. A hysterectomy b. Rape c. Childbirth d. Menopause; Answer

answer

c;

question

14. Katie has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Most recently, she has been lying immobile for long periods. If someone moves one of her arms to a different position, it just stays there. Katie has stopped speaking and does not appear to hear what is being said to her. What specifier would you apply to her diagnosis of major depressive disorder? a. Chronic b. Catatonic c. Atypical d. Melancholic; Answer

answer

b;

question

15. A person who experiences a persistent depressed mood for at least two years but is not experiencing major depression may have a. Dysthymic disorder b. Cyclothmyic disorder c. Bipolar disorder d. Double depression; Answer

answer

a;

question

16. The Cognitive component of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) tries to help the patients by doing all of the following, except a. Identifying/eliciting automatic and mal-adaptive thoughts b. Asking patient to create a hierarchy of things that make them depressed c. Testing the truth of negative attribution/schema in the real world d. Teaching and rehearsing coping strategies to correct depressive "errors" in thinking; Answer

answer

b;

question

17. All of the following statements about lithium therapy are true except a. Lithium is the gold standard for managing manic episodes b. Lithium is a mood-stabilizing drug c. Dosage must be carefully regulated to prevent toxicity d. The side effects of lithium are less serious than side effects of antidepressants; Answer

answer

d;

question

18. With regard to treatment of mood disorders, which of the following statements is accurate? a. Patients rarely recover from episodes of major depression without treatment b. Delaying or preventing future episodes (relapse) of major depression is an imoprtant treatment goal. c. After a patient has experienced a major depressive episode and recovered, treatment can be discontinued d. Close to 100% of patients with major depressive disorder respond to drug treatment; Answer

answer

b;

question

19. Clinical studies have shown that response rate, for patients being treated with medications, for their depressive symptoms is approximately __. a. 15-25% b. 50-60% c. 75-85% d. 90-100%; Answer

answer

b;

question

20. The following types of medications are all used to treat depression except a. SSRIs b. Mixed reuptake inhibitors c. MAO inhibitors d. GABA inhibitors; Answer

answer

d;

question

21. This type of classification is detailed and applies to each person uniquely a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. dimensional d. prototypical

answer

a;

question

22. If you say someone has schizophrenia, you are using a ___ strategy for giving a label. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. dimensional d. prototypical; Answer

answer

b;

question

23. ___ is a consistent measure overtime with agreement among clinicians a. diagnostic reliability b. diagnostic validity c. testability d. confirmability; Answer

answer

a;

question

24. Depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, mood disorders, and learning problems fall on a. Axis I b. Axis II c. Axis III d. Axis IV; Answer

answer

a;

question

25. Chronic and personality disorders belong on which axis of the DSM-IV? a. Axis I b. Axis II c. Axis III d. Axis IV; Answer

answer

b;

question

26. Axis IV deals with a. medical problems b. acute disorders c. psychosocial and environmental problems d. global assessment of functioning; Answer

answer

c;

question

27. The difference between anxiety and phobia is a. anxiety deals with the present, while phobia deals with the future b. anxiety deals with the future, while phobia deals with the present c. anxious people fear immediate dangers d. none of the above; Answer

answer

b;

question

28. Skin crawling, rapid heartbeat, shaking, sweating, and panic are all symptoms of a. anxiety b. fear c. panic disorder d. phobia;

answer

b;

question

29. Jane will avoid public speaking whenever she can because she knows she will have a panic attack. This is an example of a. situationally bound panic attack b. unexpected panic attack c. situationally predisposed panic attack d. panic attack disorder; Answer

answer

a;

question

30. People with __ develop more serious problems because they fear they will have a panic attack when they least expected it. a. situationally bound panic attack b. unexpected panic attack c. situationally predisposed panic attack d. panic attack disorder; Answer

answer

b;

question

31. The Triple Vulnerability Theory includes a. general biological, specific biological, specific psychological b. general biological, general psychological, general physiological c. general biological, general psychological, specific psychological d. general biological, general psychological, specific physiological;

answer

: c;

question

32. Inheriting uptight and high-strung tendencies is an example of a. general biological vulnerability b. general psychological vulnerability c. specific psychological vulnerability d. the triple vulnerability theory; Answer

answer

a;

question

33. What you learn from experience and your parents is due to a. general biological vulnerability b. general psychological vulnerability c. specific psychological vulnerability d. the triple vulnerability theory; Answer

answer

c;

question

34. If you grow up learning that the world is dangerous an uncontrollable, you have a a. general biological vulnerability b. general psychological vulnerability c. specific psychological vulnerability d. the triple vulnerability theory; Answer

answer

b;

question

35. Parents who respond predictably to their children's cries will __ the probability of developing anxiety disorder. a. increase b. decrease c. not change; Answer

answer

b;

question

36. Anxiety includes all of these systems, except a. GABA b. Corticotrophin Releasing Factor c. Nervous system d. Limbic system; Answer

answer

c;

question

37. The three systems that form the general biological vulnerability are a. GABA, CRF, BIS b. HBA, Limbic, GABA c. Flight or fight, BIS, CRF d. BIS, CRF, HBA; Answer

answer

c;

question

38. Individuals who experience extreme and painful shyness in almost all social or performance-related situations may have a. anxiety disorder b. social anxiety disorder c. specific phobia d. panic disorder with agoraphobia; Answer

answer

b;

question

39. __ of those with social phobia have been bullied or teased before. a. 0-20% b. 30-50% c. 60-80% d. at least 90%; Answer

answer

d;

question

40. What are the four common themes of obsessive compulsive disorder?; Answer

answer

hoarding, contamination/cleaning, forbidden thoughts, symmetry/exactness;

question

41. Repetitive and purposeful behaviors or mental acts to neutralize/reduce obsessions are a. compulsions b. forbidden thoughts c. contamination d. symmetry; Answer

answer

a;

question

42. Checking rituals is an example of a. symmetry b. contamination c. hoarding d. forbidden thoughts; Answer

answer

d;

question

43. Arranging, ordering, and repeating is an example of a. symmetry b. contamination c. hoarding d. forbidden thoughts; Answer

answer

a;

question

44. A psychological reason why people with OCD has these compulsions is because of a. thought-behavior-action b. thought-action-confusion c. perception-behavior-action d. perception-confusion-action; Answer

answer

b;

question

45. The three components in treating anxiety disorders are a. psychological, behavioral, cognitive b. psychological, physiological, cognitive c. physiological, behavioral, cognitive d. physiological, behavioral, psychological; Answer

answer

c;

question

46. Physiological treatment in anxiety disorder includes all of the following except a. relaxation training b. medication c. systematic desensitization and exposure d. meditation;

answer

d;

question

47. Exposing a person to the most anxiety provoking stimuli is an example of a. behavioral treatment b. physiological treatment c. psychological treatment d. cognitive restructuring; Answer

answer

a;

question

49. If someone has altered sleeping patterns, changes in appetite, and feelings of indecisiveness and distractability, they might have a. Major depressive episode b. Manic episode c. Bipolar disorder d. Dysthymic disorder; Answer

answer

a;

question

50. Elaborate plans of action, feelings of grandiosity, and a decreased need for sleep are all symptoms of a. Major depressive episode b. Manic episode c. Bipolar disorder d. Dysthymic disorder; Answer

answer

b;

question

51. Depersonalization is defined as a. altered perception including loss of the sense of one's own internal reality b. altered perception involving loss of the sense of reality of the external world c. vivid hallucination d. the feeling that one is no longer a person; Answer

answer

a;

question

52. In dissociative amnesia, the individual typically has no memory of a. any events b. events prior to trauma c. selective events, particularly those involving trauma d. events following a trauma, particularly those involving interpersonal issues; Answer

answer

c;

question

53. During a dissociative fugue state, it is not uncommon for individuals to a. commit suicide b. see the world as a strange and foreign place c. take on a new identitiy d. contact friends and family; Answer

answer

c;

question

54. An alter is a. an identity created by someone with dissociative identity disorder b. a new identity created by someone with dissociative fugue c. a new identity created by someone with generalized amnesia d. all of these; Answer

answer

a;

question

55. Dissociative identitiy disorder tends to be associated with a. significant trauma/child abuse b. conversion disorder c. somatizatrion d. all of these; Answer

answer

a ;

question

56. Idiographic strategy is __ focused, while nomothetic strategy is __ focused. a. prototype, detailed b. detailed, prototype c. individual, large group d. large group, individual; Answer

answer

b & c;

question

57. __ is the name and label for the syndrome. a. taxonomy b. nosology c. nomenclature d. nomothetic; Answer

answer

c;

question

58. Taxonomy is a __ classification system, while Nosology is a __ classification system. a. idiographic, nomothetic b. nomothetic, idiographic c. scientific, medical d. medical, scientific; Answer

answer

c;

question

59. What was Kraeplin's theory?; Answer

answer

Each disorder is unique/different, there are distinct symptoms, a clear cause, and disorders don't overlap;

question

60. In a dimension based classification, which of these are not used? a. rating a person's characteristic on a scale of 1 to 10 b. rating a person's characteristic from mild to severe c. rating based on a continuum d. rating a person's personality using personality tests; Answer

answer

d;

question

61. In a prototypical classification approach, a. you need to have all the symptoms and meet all the criteria to be diagnosed b. it follows the all-or-nothing theory posed by Kraeplin c. not all features are essential d. you need to fit the prototype to be diganosed; Answer

answer

c;

question

62. What are the two things that diagnostic reliability measures?; Answer

answer

consistent measurements over time and agreement among doctors;

question

63. The DSM-IV is all of the following, except a. based on theoretical causes of psychopathology b. based on re-analysis of scientific data c. based on the multi-axial system d. based on atheoretical approach; Answer:

answer

a;

question

64. What are the effects of diagnostic labeling? a. labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies b. individuals will deny having the label c. there is no effect of a diagnostic label d. none of the above; Answer

answer

a;

question

65. The multi-axial format of the DSM-IV a. removed the distinction between organically and psychologically based disorders b. allowed for integration of cultural influences c. admits interaction between diatheses and stressors d. all of the above e. none of the above; Answer

answer

d;

question

66. Axis I includes a. all acute/clinical disorders b. personality disorders & mental retardation c. medical problems/conditions disorder d. psychosocial & environmental problems; Answer

answer

a;

question

67. Axis II includes a. all acute/clinical disorders b. personality disorders & mental retardation c. medical problems/conditions disorder d. psychosocial & environmental problems; Answer

answer

b;

question

68. Axis III includes a. all acute/clinical disorders b. personality disorders & mental retardation c. medical problems/conditions disorder d. psychosocial & environmental problems; Answer

answer

c;

question

69. Axis IV includes a. all acute/clinical disorders b. personality disorders & mental retardation c. medical problems/conditions disorder d. psychosocial & environmental problems; Answer

answer

d;

question

70. What is a problem with the DSM-IV? Answer

answer

comorbidity issue

question

71. Anxiety is characterized by a. an autonomic response b. strong avoidance c. physical symptoms of tension d. the flight or fight response; Answer

answer

c;

question

72. ___ down-regulates anxiety a. Adrenaline b. Noradrenaline c. Dopamine d. GABA; Answer

answer

d;

question

73. Which system mediates signals between the brainstem, amygdala and frontal cortex and also triggers the freeze in place? a. Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) b. Corticotrophin Releasing Factor System (CRF) c. The Limbic system d. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Activation (HPA) system; Answer

answer

a;

question

74. __ of people with anxiety disorder have at least one additional disorder. a. 10-25% b. 30-40% c. 50-60% d. 75-90%; Answer

answer

c;

question

75. Generalized Anxiety Disorder has a ___ onset a. chronic b. acute c. immediate d. gradual; Answer

answer

d;

question

76. When people with GAD are exposed to anxiety provoking situations, they show __ physical response than people without GAD. a. more b. less c. the same d. no; Answer

answer

b;

question

77. People with GAD do not create visual images of threats because __ a. it helps them cope with their anxiety b. the ongoing, worried thinking is verbal and takes up all of their brain capacity c. the disorder impairs the brain's ability to create images d. the EEG activity in the right frontal lobe is stimulated; Answer

answer

b;

question

78. In order to be diagnosed with Panic Disorder, you must have experienced __ unexpected panic attack(s). a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4; Answer

answer

a;

question

79. A person who has panic disorder may ___. a. avoid exercising b. avoid social situations c. become isolated d. be consoled by family; Answer

answer

a;

question

80. Panic disorder usually starts __ and __ with age. a. early, gets worse b. late, gets worse c. early, declines d. late, declines; Answer

answer

c;

question

81. All of the following are sub-types of specific phobia, except a. blood-injury-injection b. animals and insects c. situational d. natural/environmental e. none of the above; Answer

answer

e;

question

82. Specific phobia has a(n) __ onset. a. early b. gradual c. chronic d. acute; Answer

answer

a;

question

83. Specific phobia can be acquired by all of the following, except a. direct experience b. false alarm c. vicariously d. biological predisposition; Answer

answer

d;

question

84. People with social anxiety disorder also have social difficulties, like getting along. True or false?; Answer

answer

False.;

question

85. Anxiety disorders can be treated by using medication on which three networks?; Answer

answer

serotonin, nor-adrenaline, GABA;

question

86. Describe the systematic densitization and exposure.; Answer

answer

1. Create an anxiety hierarchy 2. Expose the person to each anxiety one at a time 3. Move up the hierarchy when it no longer makes them anxious;

question

87. The most effective and least humane form of treating anxiety is __. a. response prevention b. flooding c. cognitive restructuring d. systematic desnsitization and exposure; Answer

answer

b;

question

88. Rehearsal or role-play can help treat __. a. Panic disorder b. Specific phobia c. Social anxiety disorder d. General anxiety disorder; Answer

answer

c;

question

89. Derealization is __. a. losing a sense of internal reality b. losing a sense of who you are c. losing a sense of knowledge of others' relationship to you d. losing a sense of external reality; Answer

answer

d;

question

90. Dissociative amnesia is __ a. due to brain injury b. psychological in origin c. when you can't remember who you or your family are d. forgetting events before trauma; Answer

answer

b;

question

91. The host identity __. a. is the original personality b. acts completely different from the original personality c. does not know about multiple personalities d. is the personality that tries to keep fragments of identity together; Answer

answer

d;

question

92. When treating Dissociative Identity Disorder, medications are generally __. a. effective b. ineffective c. the best form of treatment d. slow at working; Answer

answer

b;

question

93. An extreme and severe depressed mood state that lasts at least two weeks is __. a. Major depressive episode b. Manic episode c. Dysthymic disorder d. Bipolar disorder; Answer

answer

a;

question

94. Which of the following is not true? a. You can experience mania and depression at the same time b. Most people who experience mania develop depression anxiety c. You can alternate from depression to mania again d. A mixed episode is when the person does not know whether he or she is experiencing mania or depression; Answer

answer

d;

question

95. Specifiers for the most recent depressive episode include all of the following except a. psychotic features b. atypical features c. cognitive features d. melancholic features; Answer

answer

c;

question

96. You can expect that someone with Bipolar I disorder experiences __ a. hypomanic episodes b. manic episodes c. dysthymic disorder d. moderate depression; Answer

answer

b;

question

97. Match the following a. blocks nor-epinephrine and serotonin reuptake b. increases pre-synaptic serotonin c. reduces breakdown of pre-synaptic nor-epinephrine d. increase nor-epinephrine 1. Mixed inhibitors 2. tri-cyclic anti depressents 3. SSRIs 4. MAO; Answer

answer

a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1;

question

48. Identifying anxiety provoking situations and personalizing them is a part of a. behavioral treatment b. physiological treatment c. psychological treatment d. cognitive restructuring; Answer:

answer

d;

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