question

Contracts

answer

A mutually binding agreement which obligates the performing organization (seller) to provide the specified services/products and obligates the Sponsor (buyer) to pay for them.

question

Constraints

answer

Factors that limit the team's options such as limits on resources, budget, schedule and scope. Ex. Sponsor-mandated timelines, inadequate budget, difficult patient population, complex protocol, inexperienced team members, team turn over, ect.

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The Triple Constraint

answer

Cost= function of (Quality, Time Schedule, Project Scope)

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Expanded Triple Constraint

answer

Time, Cost, Scope, Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Risk

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Control

answer

The process of comparing actual performance with planned performance on a project, analyzing variances, assessing trends and taking appropriate corrective action.

question

Cost Estimating

answer

Estimating the cost of resources (people(labor), equipment, and materials) needed to complete project activities.

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Critical Path

answer

In a project network diagram, the critical path is the group of project activities which takes the most time to complete. Delay in any activity on the critical path will cause a delay in end date of the project activities.

question

Deliverable

answer

Any measurable, verifiable, outcome, result, or item that must be produced to complete a project.

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Fast Tracking

answer

Compressing a project schedule by doing tasks in parallel that would normally be done in sequence.

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Gantt (Baar) Chart

answer

A graphic display of project schedule-related information. activities or other project elements are listed down the left side of the chart, dates are shown across the top, and activity durations are shown as horizontal bars.

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Program

answer

A group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually.

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Project

answer

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result with a definite beginning and end. A series of activities designed to deliver something of value to your customer.

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Clinical Research Project

answer

A temporary endeavor undertaken to discover new information, or verify existing information about clinical efficacy and/or safety of a drug.

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Project vs. Operations

answer

-Projects are temporary endeavors undertaken to produce a unique product or service. -Operations are repetitive/ongoing activities that produce the goods or services of an organization. -Most organizations use a combination of "projects" and "operations" to accomplish their goals.

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Project Charter

answer

A document issued by the project sponsor or an organization's upper management that formally authorizes the existence of a project, and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities. -contract/agreement with sponsor may serve as project charter

question

Project Charter Elements

answer

-What, who, why, business case justification/ROI -Project Titles and Description (what is the project?) -Project Manager Assigned (who is given authority to lead the project team?) -Business Need (Why is the project being done?) -Project Justification (business case justification/Return on Investment (ROI))

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Project Communications Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the process required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, distribution, storage, retrieval and final disposition of project. It consists of COMMUNICATION PLANNING, INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION, PERFORMANCE REPORTING, AND ADMINISTRATIVE CLOSURE.

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Project Cost Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes required to ensure that the project is completed within the approved budget. It consists of RESOURCE PLANNING, COST ESTIMATING, COST BUDGETING, and COST CONTROL.

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Project Human Resource Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes required to organize and manage the project team. It consists of human resource planning, acquire project team, develop project team and manage project team.

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Project Life Cycle

answer

A collection of generally sequential project phases whose name and number are determined by the control needs of the organization or organizations involved in the project. INITIATING, PLANNING, EXECUTION, CONTROLLING, CLOSEOUT

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Project Initiation

answer

Authorizing the project or phase -Draft (outline) scope of work available, Project manager assigned -Define goals for project -Market/stakeholder analysis -Strategize -Identify success criteria for the project -Write Project Charter and get approved -Develop preliminary project SOW

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Project Planning

answer

Defining project objectives and selecting the best approach to attain them -Scope of work complete, project team assigned and trained, project plan complete and approved

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The "Core Project Planning Process" steps create the

answer

Project Plan

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Project Management Plan

answer

A formal, approved document that defines how the project is executed, monitored and controlled. It may be summary or detailed and may be composed of one or more subsidiary management plans and other planning documents.

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Project Plan Contents

answer

-Project Charter (Contract) -Project SOW -WBS -Detailed Budget -Performance measurements baselines for schedule and costs -Timelines with major milestones -Project Organizational chart and Team list -Risk, Quality, and Scope Management Plans -Plans from other departments, services, ect -Open issues and pending decisions

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Project Planning (iterative process)

answer

Planning is an iterative process that involves listing all activities required in a project, and preparing an estimate of the resources, budget, and time necessary to complete them.

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Good Planning vs Bad Planning

answer

Good planning is a pain in the beginning, but decreases pain over all, especially in the end. Bad planning exponentially increases pain at towards the end of the project.

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Project Execution

answer

Coordinating people and other resources to carry out the plans for the project -All project tasks conducted and deliverables produced -Most activity, longest duration

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Project Controlling Processess

answer

Ensuring that project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring progress regularly to identify variances and taking corrective action as necessary -Periodic measurements of progress vs. plan; corrective actions taken as necessary to make "actuals" match "predicted"

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Project Close-out

answer

Formal acceptance of deliverables, closing the project, and archiving records

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Project Milestone

answer

End of a project phase. -Significant events in the project -Major interfaces between project phases -Provide feedback to the project team and other stakeholders on overall project progress -Lessons learned/accomplishment recognition -Project reviews and Go/No Go decisions

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Project Management

answer

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. PEOPLE, TOOLS, AND SYSTEMS

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Effective PM Requirements

answer

-Be familiar with and use PM processes as outlined in PMI's PMBOK -Know the project area, standards, and regulations -Understand the project environment -Employ general management knowledge and skills -Possess and use effective interpersonal/communication skills

question

Why use Project Management?

answer

Limited resources, manage changes, complex projects produce significant challenges, evolving processes and technology, changing/increasing customers' expectations

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PMBOK

answer

Project Management Body of Knowledge An international standard published by the Project Management Institute. An inclusive term that describes the sum of knowledge within the profession of project management.

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Project Management Software

answer

A class of computer applications specifically designed to aid the project management team with planning, managing and controlling the project, including costs, schedules and resources. -used to create Gantt charts and major milestone schedule

question

Project Manger

answer

The individual who is primarily responsible for managing a project. Primary Responsibility: Deliver the project on time, on budget, and with the quality specified in the Scope of Work.

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Project Manager Responsibilities

answer

Primary Responsibility: Deliver the project on time, on budget, and with the quality specified in the Scope of Work. Other Responsibilities: lead project planning and execution, define team roles/responsibilities, communication, risk management, issue resolution, team turnover management, project tracking and status reporting to all stakeholders, manage scope of work, training, lessons learned meetings, perform proper close-out

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PLINC

answer

Essential skills of the PM. Problem Solving Leadership and motivating the team Influencing the Organization Negotiating and Conflict Management effective Communication

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Project Phase

answer

A collection of logically related project activities, usually resulting in completion of a major DELIVERABLE.

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Project Plan

answer

A formal, approved document that defines how the project is executed, monitored and controlled. It may be summary or detailed and may be composed of one or more subsidiary management plans and other planning documents.

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Project Plan Execution

answer

Carrying out the project plan by performing the activities included in the project plan.

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Project Procurement Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes required to purchase or acquire the products, services, or results needed from outside the performing organization to perform the project work.

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Scope

answer

The sum of all work that must be performed to deliver a product, service, or result that includes all of the specified features and functions on the project. -SOW developed during project initiation and planning phases -Outlines goals/deliverables -Describes success criteria (requirements/specifics on obtaining deliverables) -Lists assumptions and constraints -Contains "high-level" timelines -Essential document in the Project Plan

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SOW contains

answer

-written description of the project requriments -Responsibilities of the Buyer (customer) and Seller (contractor) -Assumptions and constraints -Technical or performance specifications -Deliverables and acceptance criteria -High level schedule and milestones -Project budget and payment schedule -Scope change process -Communication and reporting requirements

question

SOW when properly written, details:

answer

What you plan to do, who is going to do it, how much it will cost, how you will know when you are done

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Project Quality Mangaement

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes and activities required to ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.

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Project Risk Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes concerned with planning, identifying, analyzing, responding, and controlling project risk.

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Project Schedule

answer

The planned dates for performing activities and the planned dates for meeting project milestones.

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Project Team Members

answer

The people who report either directly or indirectly to the project manager on a project.

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Project Scope Management

answer

A subset of project management that includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all of the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully.

question

Scope Change Control

answer

Controlling changes to project scope.

question

Stakeholder

answer

Individuals and organizations who are involved in, or whose interests may be affected positively or negatively by project activities. This can include the PM, Project Team Members, Company Executives, sub-contractors, ect. at both the Sponsor and performing organization, as well as the public.

question

Work Breakdown Structure

answer

A deliverable-oriented hierarchical grouping or list of work to be executed by the project team, to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables. It organizes and defines the total scope of the project. "road-map" for projects.

question

WBS Attributes

answer

Organizes and defines the scope of the project, breaks down the project into smaller more manageable pieces, each level of the WBS is a smaller piece of the level above, at the lowest level of the WBS, a deliverable or project work component is segmented into work packages, includes both internal and external deliverables -identifies project deliverables, tasks, resources, framework, team members assigned, costs, used to build PND and schedule, , helps identify risk

question

WBS Formats

answer

Indented (paragraph) Graphical or Tree Structure

question

WBS as a Valuable Project Tool

answer

"Thought Process Tool" "Architectural Design Tool" "A Planning Tool" "A Project Status Reporting Tool"

question

WBS as a "Thought Process Tool"

answer

A design and planning tool that helps the project team visualize the project.

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WBS as an "Architectural Design Tool"

answer

A graphic of the project work and how activities relate to one another.

question

WBS as a "Planning Tool"

answer

A detailed representation of all project activities. Allows project team to estimate activities durations, resource requirements and build the project schedule.

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WBS as a "Project Status Reporting Tool"

answer

Completed activities can be "rolled-up" (consolidated) to demonstrate progress on deliverables and project milestones.

question

WBS Applications

answer

-to develop the project budget, plan resourcing and build the project schedule -shows inter-relationships between project activities conducted by all groups involved -can be used to train new team members and show them how their job fits in the overall project -to identify all project deliverables and who is responsible for them -provides an excellent way for the project team to identify project risks

question

Benefits of Using a WBS

answer

-identifies specific work packages required to estimate work and build the project budget -forces detailed planning documentation, and facilitates resourcing for project -improves work assignments for project team members and helps them understand how they fit into the overall project -helps team members prepare more accurate project schedules and identify project risks -FOCUSES TEAM'S ATTENTION ON PROJECT DELIVERABLES

question

Work packages

answer

A deliverable or work component at the lowest level of each branch of the WBS. -Basis for all project planning

question

Work Package Attributes

answer

Work cannot logically be subdivided further, resources to completed can be effectively estimated, can be completed quickly with definite outcome/deliverable, can be outsourced/contracted out.

question

Key to successful drug development programs

answer

Effective project management and successful project execution

question

Linear Processes

answer

Drug Development, Project Lifecycle

question

To execute the SOW effectively,

answer

the PM must carefully manage Customer/Sponsor "wants" vs "needs"

question

Project Stakeholders

answer

Individuals and organizations actively involved in the project, or whose interests may be positively or negatively effected by the project.

question

Key Stakeholders

answer

-Sponsor/Customer -Project Team -Performing Organization -Shareholders of Sponsor/Company/ and Performing Organization -Suppliers and subcontractors -Government agencies -Users of products resulting from the project (patients)

question

Project Network Diagram

answer

A graphic representation of how project activities (tasks) in a WBS are inter-related. -identifies the activity (task) sequences, their durations, and critical path -allows team to develop project schedule -can serve as a useful tool for the project team to predict where potential problems may occur (risk identification) -valuable tool to teach new team members how project activities/tasks inter-relate

question

Developing the PND

answer

1.) What activities/tasks must be done first? 2.) What activitites/tasks must be done next? 3.) What activities/tasks can be done in parallel? *The PND helps identify all places where activities/tasks can be done in parallel, thus allowing the team to create the shortest possible schedule/timelines

question

Task Relationships

answer

Tasks require input and generate output, usually output from one task becomes input of the next, usually a logical relationship between tasks. The predecessor becomes the successor

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Finish to Start

answer

When A finishes, B may start.

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Finish to Finish

answer

When A finishes, B may finish

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Start to Start

answer

When A starts, B may start

question

Critical path

answer

A series of activities that determine the duration of the project. "The longest path through a PND" (longest total time and minimum time required to complete project) -activities has zero float "slack" -Delay of any task on the critical path will effect project timelines

question

Milestones

answer

significant project events -represent a single point in time (no duration) -Major interfaces between phases -Typically are on project critical path -Project may not be able to progress until timeline is reached -Enable progress reporting when achieved -Provide a good event for team to celebrate and discuss progress

question

Crashing

answer

Attempting to decrease the total project duration by adding resources to activities on the critical path. -almost always increases costs and risks!

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Project Planning Process

answer

Identify and define activities required to produce deliverables specified in the SOW and outlined in the WBS

question

Sequence Project Activities

answer

-Place activities in proper order of execution -Identify all dependencies between activities -Produce the Project Network Diagram

question

Estimating duration of tasks

answer

depends on complexity, skill/experience level. Use historical information from similar projects to increase accuracy. Use "experts" who have done similar work to check your project team's estimates of activity durations.

question

PERT Weighted Average

answer

used to estimate task durations. [Optimistic time + (4x Most likely)+Pessimistic]/ 6

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Activity duration estimates improve as the project proceeds because

answer

more information becomes available, the project team become more familiar with procedures and teamwork develops, performance of participating organizations (eg. investigative sites) becomes more predictable

question

Developing the Project Schedule

answer

Use project WBS and PND to identify tasks and sequence, then assign durations. Draft a schedule on paper and check it with team and experts before you enter all tasks into the project planning software.

question

Goldratt's Principle

answer

A project will accumulate delays but will never accumulate gains.

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Selecting Project Team

answer

The project manager should be very involved in selecting the project team whenever possible -Project Manager MUST be involved in building the Project TEam

question

Steps to Team Assignment

answer

1. Identify people through HR planning 2. Obtain the people (acquire project team) 3. Develop the people (develop project team) 4. Manage the people (manage project team)

question

Identify the people

answer

Determine project staffing needs. Specify team member skills, experience, and when proposed staff are needed on your project. Write roles and responsibilities for all team members. Develop proposed Team organizational chart.

question

Obtain the people

answer

-Use list of required skills, experience and time commitments for team members to request resources. -negotiate to get the right people assigned -develop a training program to prepare team members to execute thier roles and responsibilites -Develop organizational chart and team directory and distribute to team, line managers, and sponsor

question

Develop the people

answer

-schedule kick-off meeting to orient the team to the project, include building activities to build team identity and synergy -perform project specific training and ensure that all team members understand thier roles and responsibilities -Create a "reward system" to promote quality work -monitor team member performance and celebrate team accomplishments throughout the project

question

Manage the people

answer

-Become deeply involved in project operations to effectively observe and assess team performance -Encourage innovation within the constraints of SOPS and other regulations -Manage team conflict productively always looking for "win/win" situations -Maintian an "issue log" wiht recommended corrective and preventative actions -Document all changes to the Project Management Plan and "lessons learned" -Provide input to team members performance appraisals to line managers

question

Project resource planning

answer

plan for resource requirements over project duration, request resources to match when they will be needed

question

Resource Histogram

answer

A vertical bar chart that shows the total number of resources needed during each phase/time period of the project.

question

Biostatistician

answer

-involved in study design (sample size, protocol, ect) -assists in formulating research questions -determines appropriate sampling techniques -Coordinates with data management on data collection procedures -Carries out statistical analysis and interpretation on data obtained form the proposed research question

question

Clinical Project Assistant

answer

-assists team to ensure customer service, quality and timelines -perform quality control checks to ensure the integrity of data -aid in the preparation of supply shipments to study sites -setup, maintain, and update databases -query resolution -file study documents

question

Project Budget

answer

A summary of the anticipated costs (Labor and Expenses) of undertaking a project based on the Scope of Work

question

Labor

answer

the personnel costs required to execute the project

question

Labor costs

answer

Team member billing rate x hours charged to project

question

Billing rates include

answer

Salary and benefits plus overhead (operating expenses, wages of non-billable staff, ect)

question

Pass-through costs

answer

project expenses which are passed through at cost to the sponsor via invoicing (eg. travel costs for monitoring visits, investigator meeting costs, ect)

question

Percent Complete

answer

A measure of a projects progress toward completion or "Earned Value" -calculated by dividing total units of a deliverable into the number of units currently complete

question

Estimate to Complete

answer

Labor costs and expenses required to complete a project form the current date until the end of the project

question

Estimate at Completion (EAC)

answer

An estimate of the total costs (labor and expenses) that will be incurred on the project to bring it to 100% completion. This is the sum of the actual costs to date plus the projected costs of any remaining work.

question

Cost vs. Price

answer

Price is the amount an organization charges for a product or service Cost is how much it actually costs the organization to produce a product or perform a service

question

Cost Management 4 stages

answer

1. Resource Planning 2. Cost Estimating 3. Cost Budgeting 4. Cost Control

question

1. Resource Planning

answer

use WBS to determine what resources (types and quantity) are needed to complete each scheduled activity on a project ("Activity Resource Estimating") ie labor, materials, skilll personnell

question

2. Cost Estimating

answer

Developing estimated costs for resources needed [people (labor), materials/supplies and equipment] to complete the project

question

Labor cost estimating

answer

use: project wbs, resource requirements, resource rates, activity durations, projected total labor costs

question

Expenses cost estimimating

answer

use project wbs and scope of work

question

Bottom Up Cost Estimating

answer

Estimating costs of individual project tasks/activities or work packages, including required materials, equipement, contracts, ect. and summing them to determine total project cost estimating

question

Top Down Cost Estimating

answer

Using total costs of similar projects to estimate the cost of the new project

question

Cost Estimating Procedures

answer

To estimate the duration/cost of tasks on project use PERT method, (O +4ML+ P)/6

question

Parametric estimating

answer

uses statistical relationship between historical data and other variable cost estimate for an activity

question

Three-Point estimates

answer

accuracy can be improved by considering the amount of risk in the original estimate, uses the average of three estimate durations. The average will often provide a more accurate activity duration that a single point, most likely estimate

question

Project cost types

answer

Direct costs and indirect costs

question

Direct costs

answer

costs directly attributed to work on a specific project (ie resources needed to conduct a project) Labor materials, equipment, contracts for services

question

Indirect costs

answer

an organizations overhead (cost of doing business) ie taxes, insurance, rent, utilities, labor, and fringe benefits for supporting staff, ect.

question

3. Cost Budgeting

answer

Allocating costs to individual project activities/tasks and materials to develop a baseline budget

question

The project cost baseline is

answer

a time-phased budget that serves as the standard against which actual budget performace is compared against Projected Costs -Develop the Project Cost Baseline by using th eWBS, cost estimates, and schedule -must be chaged when scop is modified

question

Cost Estimating Hints

answer

To produce accurate project cost estimates, use the WBS, historical records, and have experienced staff familiar with similar work to prepare the cost estimates

question

4. Cost Control

answer

Controlling project costs and influencing factors that create variances and controlling budget changes during the project life cycle

question

Cost Control involves

answer

-monitoring cost performance to detect and understand variances form cost baseline -ensuring all change orders are recorded in the project budget (cost baseline) -reduce expected costs overruns within acceptable limits -preventing unapproved changes to the project budget -informing project stake holders of changes to the project budget

question

Managing Project Costs

answer

Review project budget with team members during project start up (repeat), translate budget into number of days/hours allocated to complete each task/activity, review projected vs actual time expended to complete project tasks regularly with team members.

question

Scope Change Management

answer

Managing changes to the project is crucial to maintaining the integrity of both the Scope of Work and the Project Budget

question

To control project scope

answer

Avoid "Scope Creep", track scope changes, avoid gold plating

question

Scope Creep

answer

gradual increase in project scope that can result from doing minor "additional tasks"

question

Track Scope Changes

answer

Request change orders as required

question

Avoid God Plating

answer

Do not provide more than what is defined in the scope of work or contract

question

Contract/Procurement Management

answer

The processes required to acquire goods and services form outside your organization (contracts) -Procurement may involve outsourcing one project activity or an entire project

question

Seller

answer

manages the project (contractor, vendor, supplier, ect)

question

Buyer

answer

sponsor who provides funding for the project

question

Procurement Management Procedures

answer

Plan purchases- perform "make or buy" analysis (in house or oursource) Plan Contracting-create procurement documents (Request for Proposal [RFP]) Reqest Seller responses (collect proposals) Select Sellers Contract Administration (ensure seller perfomance) Contract Closure

question

RFP contains

answer

Scope of Work of the project, background info, instructions, information

question

Contract

answer

Mutually binding agreement that obligates the seller to provide the specified product or service and obligates a buyer to pay for it

question

Types of Contracts

answer

Fixed price, time and materials, unit price

question

Fixed Price

answer

A fixed price for a well-defined project (most risk is with the seller)

question

Time and Material

answer

cost of labor and materials to complete the project ("fee for service" (most risk is with the buyer)

question

Unit price

answer

Pre-defined fee for completing a specific task

question

Team operating rules

answer

problem solving decision making resolving conflict building consensus brainstorming conducting team meetings reporting project status

question

Four stages of a successful project team

answer

1. Forming (directive) 2. Storming (Influence or Selling) 3. Norming (participative and decision sharing) 4. Performing (delegative)

question

Team Decision Making Models

answer

Directive, Participative, Consultative

question

Directive

answer

Person with authority (PM) makes all of the decisions. Some team members may not agree with the decisions and thus not support them

question

Participative

answer

Everyone on the Team contributes to the decision-making process. (Usually results in synergy and strong support for team decisions, but often is very slow)

question

Consultative

answer

The person with the authority makes decisions after consulting with Team Members (Can be as effective as "participative" and often takes less time)

question

LISTENING

answer

Learn to "Like to Listen" Ignore distractions Summarize what you heard Tame your emotions Eliminate hasty decisions Never interrupt the speaker Inspire openness by your attitude Never finish the speakers sentences Generate your conclusions slowly

question

factors that contribute to interpersonal communication

answer

words, vocal qualities, appearance and body language

question

Enemies of Virtual Teams

answer

geography, isolations, history, culture,

question

How to combat enemies of virtual teams

answer

geography-hold face to face kickoff meeting, teleconference Isolation-communicate History-project specific training Culture-honor cultural differences

question

Email

answer

Most commonly used-abused project communication mode

question

Effective email communication

answer

subject line (state core message) body (1st restate core message with more detail, make the top line your bottom line) 2nd-list required actions 3rd-add background info last-say something nice

question

Managing Human Resources

answer

the activities required to make most effective use of the people involved with the project.

question

Matrix organization

answer

-formed by overlaying a project structure on top of a functional structure

question

Weak matrix

answer

PM may be part-time and has little authority. All project staff are borrowed

question

Strong Matrix

answer

PM manage projects full-time, have administrative staff, exercise considerable authority over thier projects and are well respected within organization.

question

Matrix organization strengths

answer

-provides balance between projects and business as usual -allows rapid adaption and innovation to meet changing company needs -supports flexible, efficient use of human resources -Provides good opportunities for staff professional development and building expertise in more than one project/product Pros: Efficient use of resources, less duplication of expertise. Allows balance between technical expertise ; operational knowledge. Some Team members enjoy working on several different projects. Offers flexibility to the organization.

question

Matrix organization weaknesses

answer

-team members have two or more bosses -can create conflict between functional and project managers -PMs often feel they have inadequate authority and ocntrol -Requires especially effective communication and can lead to conflict and stress within the project team Cons: Team members have two or more bosses, (confused loyalties). PM may not have enough authority to operate effectively. Line Managers may feel threatened. Complex reporting structure, can lead to conflict within the teams.

question

Project Resourcing

answer

1. Identify the people 2. Obtain the people 3. Develop the people 4. Manage the people

question

Team Organization Chart

answer

Defines formal and informal reporting relationships among people on the project Helps to identify communication and information channels

question

Theory X

answer

Workers are inherently self-centered, lazy and lack ambition. Management must provide the drive for work to be accomplished (autocratic)

question

Theory Y

answer

Workers are willing and eager to accept responsibility and are concerned with self-growth and achievement. management's primary task is to provide an environment where workers can achieve and excel. (democratic)

question

Expectancy Theory

answer

Workers will be highly productive and motivated if: they believe efforts will lead to successful results -they believe that they will be rewarded for their success

question

Hertzberg's theory of motivation

answer

motivators-recognition, advancement and growth, responsibility, the work itself demotivators-company policies, admin practices, working conditions, technical supervision, interpersonal relations, job security, salary

question

Project Communications Management

answer

provides the critical link between stake holders and project info necessary for project success

question

Five types of project communications

answer

formal written, informal written, formal oral, informal oral, electronic

question

Formal written

answer

contract, communication plan, reports, plannin emails, cover letters

question

Informal written

answer

project notes, memos, ect

question

formal oral

answer

presentations, project reviews,

question

informal oral

answer

team meetings, conversations

question

electronic

answer

email, project websites, team rooms, ect

question

Project Communication Channels

answer

if team size grows at a line

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