question

Def of a Project

answer

Temporary - has a definite beginning and end Has Purpose - undertaken to create a unique product, service or result

question

Def of Project Management

answer

Applied knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements

question

Def of Business Advantage

answer

achievement of goals resource utilization Information-based decision making

question

Def of Competitive Advantage

answer

culture of execution and collaboration getting the "right" results reliably

question

Def of Scope

answer

A recognized project constraints schedule,financial resources, objectives, and staff

question

Def of Scope Creep

answer

the tendency of most projects to shift boundaries (money, time, etc) as the project moves forward

question

Def of Gold Plating

answer

adding needless details to a project

question

Def of Project Risk

answer

those factors that may delay or obstruct a project's completion. Part of a project manager's job is to plan for and reduce the amount of risk to a project.

question

T or F:No project can run smoothly if expectations, responsibilities, objectives, and timelines are not clearly understood by all stakeholders, or those who are invested in your project.

answer

TRUE

question

Def of Deliverables

answer

Are unique and verifiable -- it must be possible to confirm that they have been generated by the project Must meet expectations of project stakeholders Timeliness and quality are key determinants of project success

question

5 process areas of project management

answer

IPEMC Initiation Planning, Execution/Implementation Monitoring and Controlling Closing

question

Def of Life-Cycle (project approach)

answer

Framework for managing the unfolding of a project over time Structured as a series of sequential, and possibly over-lapping, phases

question

Def of Life-Cycle Phase

answer

Activities focused on a specific outcome Key opportunity for mgmt review of deliverables and milestone definition for a project

question

Def of Process

answer

Set of related actions directed at accomplishing a specific result minimizes risk and eliminates problems.

question

4 Type of project life cycles (approaches

answer

1. Linear 2. Iterative 3. Adaptive 4. Agile

question

Reaons why projects are authorized and initiated

answer

Technological advances Customer requests Legal/regulatory requirements Market demands

question

Activities during the Planning Phase

answer

Assemble your team Develop time line and resources Consider breaking down large projects into smaller, more manageable ones Develop the plan Estimate costs Communications Plan

question

Activities during the Execution Phase

answer

Coordinate resources Supervise project activities Communicate wisely with team members re. timelines, deliverables, expectations Procurement

question

Activities during the Monitoring and Controlling Phase

answer

Mange specifications Control scope creep Be flexible re. others ideas, but maintain scope Report on Performance

question

Activities during the Closing the Project Phase

answer

Present the project to stakeholders; receive official approval/acceptance Finalize project activities: file paperwork, formally close contracts, etc. Hold post-mortem with team: Review project processes, resources, budget, time lines, and outcomes

question

4 Project Success Factors

answer

Strong executive support Plenty of user involvement An experienced project manager Clear business objectives

question

Common Elements of Project Management

answer

Planning the project Defining activities that make up the project Monitoring how the project is going Responding to changes that occur during a project Estimating resources -- what do you need to do the project, in time, people, materials?

question

Activities during the Initiating Phase

answer

Start the project Who? What? Identify Stakeholders

question

What are the 9 Knowledge Areas (PMI)

answer

Integration Scope Time Cost Quality HR Communication Risk Procurement

question

T or F: PMI's PMBOK® identifies 42 processes, organized into 5 groups

answer

True

question

T or F: Every Project Has a Life Cycle

answer

True

question

Def of Linear Life Cycle

answer

Increments Sequence is well known Requirements known Few changes expected Low Risk High Feasibility Low/Manageable complexity Minimal involvement of customers/users during the project

question

Def of Iterative Life Cycle

answer

Loops Requirements moderately defined, some lack of clarity Few changes are expected, but able to respond better than linear models Low to moderate risk; iterations of process will provide flexibility and delivery of system in increments to enhance acceptance by users High Feasibility Low or Manageable Complexity Involvement of customers and users is needed to evaluate prototypes or early incremental deliveries

question

Def of Adaptive Life Cycle

answer

Consider Adaptive Models ** When even PLANS may change*** Partially defined requirements Expected, possibly significant changes Moderate risk, due to unknown requirements Uncertain feasability, depending on nature of changes and new requirements Can be significantly complex Necessary involvement of customers and users during the project to propose changes and respond to evolving products and systems

question

Def of Agile Life Cycle

answer

Focus on delivering business value to customers Minimal Requirements, intentionally no attempt to try define them completely at the start View Changes as Desirable High risks; continually engage risk issues Uncertain feasability; excellent models when feasibility is in question Complexity can be significant stakeholders, developers and customers work as a team to evolve and enhance system System features define the scope

question

Examples of Linear Life Cycle Projects

answer

simple software development project ADT project

question

Examples of Iterative Life Cycle Projects

answer

An example is your first pass or your first phase could be a system for ordering diagnostic tests, so that whenever a provider or a nurse wants to order an X-ray or a blood test, they can do that in the computerized system. Then, your next phase could be to provide pharmacy orders. And now they can not only order the lab test or the radiology test, but they can begin to order the medications.

question

Examples of Adaptive Life Cycle Projects

answer

a lot of stakeholder engagement plans may change Go Live of a system

question

Examples of Deliverables in Health IT Projects

answer

New or re-engineered systems EHR implementation, Radiological imaging, order entry, billing IT-enabled processes, e.g., ER admission processing Outpatient service delivery RX fulfillment Web-based employee time reporting

question

T or F: Customers may be ---Internal or External

answer

TRUE respect role of customer even when part of your organization clarify your reporting roles to your senior management and your customer

question

Def of Functional organizations

answer

projects operate within a single functional unit or across multiple units siloed

question

Def of Matrix organizations

answer

project staff have dual loyalties, to the project and their functional unit Has functional managers and program manager to oversee projects

question

Def of Project-based organizations

answer

work gets done directly through project managers projects are organized under programs, so a given program manager may have responsibility for several projects. This kind of organization is often found in consulting firms or professional service firms.

question

T or F: Project selection represents the implementation of an organizational strategy and requires a clear understanding of environmental factors in and outside the organization

answer

True

question

Key environmental factors to pay attention to during Project Selection

answer

Organizational culture and cultural perspective of all involved parties. Will the culture support the project and the steps required to successfully undertake the project? Existence or lack of a project management information system. Is there is a system in place to support documenting all aspects of the project and to facilitate the key elements of monitoring and controlling the project? Workflow and processes. Are there established and accepted step-by-step, enforceable protocols for how to organize and manage a project? Human resource pool. Does the organization have staff with the skills and knowledge to undertake the project?

question

Components of a Business Case

answer

considered after the project is acceptable from the strategic analysis Benefits to the organization Cost /benefits analysis over time Consequences if the project is not done Full life-cycle costs Qualitative models Quantitative models Risks

question

Tools for Project Selection

answer

Qualitative models Subject matter expert (SME) judgments "untouchables" concept Mandates internal or external Quantitative models or financial tools Net present value (NPV) Internal rate of return (IRR) Return on investment (ROI) Payback period

question

Examples of Reasons for Health IT Projects

answer

Operational Improvements e.g. wait time, processes Organizational Initiative: Two large physician practices are merging, integrate the EMRs

question

Def of Stakeholder

answer

an individual or organization actively involved in a project and whose interests may be positively or negatively affected by the project Examples: Champion, Sponsor, Customer, User

question

Def of Champion

answer

The stakeholder who is the principal advocate committed to the project and its success

question

Def of Project Sponsor

answer

The stakeholder who provides the funding for the project

question

What Is a Project Charter?

answer

Formal Authorization of a Project Issued by project initiator/sponsor Documents the business case Provides the PM with authority to apply resources Reviewed at project kickoff meeting

question

Components found in a Project Charter

answer

-Title and Dates -Project summary: objectives, deliverables, Acceptance criteria -Project resources: Staff & Budget -Project strategy: Summary milestones, assumptions, risk, communication and reporting -Reference documents: Authorizing documents, Contracts, Standards, Business case -Organizational roles and responsibilities -Approval signatures

question

Def of stakeholder register

answer

a key deliverable during project initiation Record the results of stakeholder identification activity Use it to prepare for stakeholder management throughout the project

question

Outline of a Stakeholder Register

answer

Identification Information (name, role, etc.) Management Information Level of interest, Influence, Expected level of participation Stakeholder-specific success criteria Background information/ management notes Management approach

question

Purpose of Project kickoff Meeting

answer

Gain support for the project Engage stakeholders so they can resolve any questions or issues before project planning

question

Planning Lifecycle Phase of a Project

answer

Collect requirements Scope Develop a project management plan Creating a work breakdown structure (WBS) Develop a schedule risks and risk response plans communications management plan Estimate costs Determine budget procurement decisions Estimate resource requirements Define project roles & responsibilities Determine how performance will be measured Plan quality Conduct a kickoff meeting

question

A primary source of information for the project scope statement is the "-------"

answer

Project Charter

question

Def of Requirements

answer

The characteristics of the project and its deliverables that must be met

question

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

answer

Sets the project boundaries - NOT A SCHEDULE Created after the project scope statement is complete Provides detailed scope definition, broken down into small manageable components Developed for all projects, regardless of size and complexity one of the most important project documents created during project planning because it helps prevent scope creep

question

T or F: The WBS is the foundation from which most planning stems. It provides a graphical view of a project, and organizes and defines the entire scope of the project.

answer

True The project team will analyze each work package of the WBS to identify all the activities that need to be performed.

question

What is the Schedule Management Plan

answer

a document that contains information on how the schedule will be developed and controlled, how schedule processes will be measured, and what scheduling tool will be used.

question

Def of Float (Stack)

answer

is the amount of time an activity can be delayed and not push back the early start of a successive activity, which are found on a noncritical path in the network diagram.

question

Activity Duration Estimation Techniques

answer

Analogous Expert judgment Parametric Three-point estimate Program Evaluation & Review Technique (PERT)

question

Types of Activity Dependencies

answer

Mandatory: Initial activity precedes the following activity Discretionary: Either activity can go first External: Something from "outside" is required that may impact sequence of activities

question

Duration Compression Techniques

answer

Crashing: adding more resources to activity; may result in increased cost Fast-Tracking: overlapping activities that are normally performed in sequence; may increase risk and result in rework

question

quality management plan

answer

a document within the project management plan. The document addresses project quality control (QC), quality assurance (QA), and continuous quality improvement.

question

T or F: Planning for Human Resource Management starts after the project team has identified all activities that must be performed

answer

TRUE

question

Components of an HR Plan

answer

People Assigned to the project, their roles & responsibilities How to manage the team and staffing policies Describes how project resources will be acquired and released How training will be done Criteria for rewards and recognition Organizational charts and position descriptions

question

what is a Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)

answer

Correlates the project organizational structure to the WBS. Depicts the work that must be performed and the individual or team responsible for performing that work Common component in HR planning

question

Communications Management Plan

answer

Identifies stakeholder information needs and defines the approach for communicating during the project. may include org charts, responsibility assignment matrix, name and contact info, meeting times and locations,

question

Def of Push communication method

answer

memos, reports, and faxes in which one party pushes communications to another party

question

Def of Pull communication method

answer

internet sites, knowledge repositories, and other kinds of self-service information resources where people can go and consume the information at their will

question

Kickoff Meeting

answer

1st major meeting with the key project stakeholders Focus is on building relationships, reviewing project objectives, and understanding goals high-level discussion of project scope, risks, schedule and milestones, communications, constraints, and assumptions review team member roles and responsibilities

question

T or F: Typically, the project management plan is shared during the kickoff meeting.

answer

True

question

T or F: In a kickoff meeting project leadership often describes how the project fits into the organization's business strategy and the benefit in funding the project.

answer

True It is also an opportunity for stakeholders to ask questions.

question

5 Project Risk Planning Processes

answer

Plan risk management Identify risks Perform qualitative risk analysis Perform quantitative risk analysis Plan risk responses

question

Goal of risk management

answer

increase the probability and impact of positive events and decrease the probability and impact of negative events in the project

question

Def of Dimensions of Risk

answer

Probability of event is the chance of a risk event occurring Generally is measured in percentages, real numbers, or nonnumerical Impact of event may be good or bad

question

What is the Risk Register?

answer

a document that is developed early in project planning and progressively elaborated in the risk management planning process. contains risks, description of risks, results of the qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, risk triggers, risk owners, and planned risk response strategies.

question

What is the procurement management plan

answer

documents the goods and services that will be procured from outside the project organization and the procurement approach

question

What is a Requirements Traceability Matrix?

answer

A tool to keep track of requirements and adding them to the rest of the project and the resulting system

question

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

answer

The document that shows the hierarchical structure of work to be done on a project

question

Define "Work Package" in terms of a WBS

answer

The lowest level of task in a WBS, not further decomposed, used for estimating time and cost

question

When should you stop decomposing a WBS?

answer

no longer practical tasks with no deliverables tasks have a separate external provider

question

2 documents that help you define/manage scope

answer

Project charter & Stakeholder register

question

Outline of a Project Scope Statement

answer

Introduction: Objective, Audience, Version Control Project Scope: Statement of Work, Deliverables, Assumptions and Constraints, System Boundaries Interfaces to Other Systems and Organizations Project Success Criteria References

question

Types of system requirements

answer

Functional - what it does Nonfunctional - how users use the system Interface - how it relates to other systems

question

T or F: Linear model of phases when requirements are well known and not likely to change

answer

True

question

T or F: Iterative and adaptive models, that work well when requirements are partially known

answer

True

question

T or F: Agile model, that makes no attempt to document requirements at the start because it is so often an unrealistic exercise

answer

True

question

What is a Requirements Specification document?

answer

Structured document containing— Functional, nonfunctional, and interface requirements Assumptions and constraints Support requirements Training requirements

question

Requirements Management Plan

answer

plan for managing requirements throughout the project gather req represent req change process ensure req are satisfied

question

Requirements Traceability Matrix

answer

A tool to keep track of requirements and link them backward and forward to the rest of the project and the resulting system

question

Properties of well-written requirements

answer

Each requirement given a unique identifier and priority (if applicable) Clear and concise Testable Traceable to business need Usable by its audience: designers, testers, project managers.

question

Requirements can be made more precise by use of.....

answer

Structured language, such as use of "shall" statements to indicate a "must-have" requirement using req. software tools, and linking requirements to design, code, and test cases

question

Outline of a Requirements Specification Document

answer

Introduction Overview of the System & Operational Concept (a user's view of the intended system) System Requirements References

question

Def of WBS Dictionary

answer

A Supporting document showing description of the task, responsible entities for its completion

question

T or F: For linear and iterative life cycles, you will typically be able to develop a WBS at the start

answer

true

question

T or F: For adaptive and agile life cycles, you will want to have certain work packages be considered as planning packages—still assign budget to them, but defer any detail of their task structure

answer

True

question

T or F: The requirements documentation is analyzed by the project team to develop a project scope statement

answer

True This document provides a narrative description of the project scope.

question

T or F: The scope statement is used to create a WBS.

answer

TRUE A WBS is essential for project success because it ensures all work is identified (project management work, product. and product scope).

question

Triple Constraint

answer

Competing demands on projects: Scope Time Cost

question

Time Management Process Sequence

answer

Define activities Sequence activities Estimate activity resources Estimate activity durations Develop a schedule Control schedule

question

3 types of dependencies

answer

Mandatory Discretionary External

question

Def of Crashing

answer

Duration Compression Technique involves adding additional resources to perform an activity to compress the schedule, but may result in increased cost to the project

question

Def of Fast tracking

answer

Duration Compression Technique involves overlapping activities that normally are performed in sequence. Compressing the schedule by performing activities at the same time or in parallel may result in increased project risk and rework

question

Types of Project Costs

answer

Direct cost Indirect cost Fixed cost Variable cost

question

How Are Costs Estimated?

answer

Analogous estimate/"top-down" estimate Parametric estimate uses a statistical or math model Bottom-up technique involves estimating a component of work and provides more detail than the other cost-estimation techniques.

question

3 types of contracts

answer

Fixed-price or lump-sum contracts Cost-reimbursable contracts Time and material contracts

question

What Are Procurement or Bid Documents?

answer

Invitation for Bid (IFB) Request for Proposal (RFP) Request for Quotation (RFQ)

question

Def of Effort

answer

amount of work or labor hours necessary to actually perform a scheduled activity

question

Def of Duration

answer

total number of periods (work periods; days or workweeks) that are required to complete a scheduled activity

question

Def of Project schedule network diagrams

answer

schematic depiction of scheduled activities and dependencies (logical relationships of activities); model of sequenced activities

question

Def of Activity relationships

answer

diagramming technique to illustrate the activity's logical relationships: finish to start, start to start, finish to finish, and start to finish

question

Def of Schedule

answer

activity-based timeline or project baseline; documents when the project activities will be completed

question

Def of Critical path

answer

longest path of activities through the schedule network; establishes the soonest date the project can complete and has the greatest project risk

question

Def of Gantt chart

answer

provides a good graphic illustration (bar chart) of the project schedule; chart is easy to construct and consists of listing project activities vertically on the left side of the bar chart and the schedule dates are listed horizontally across the top of the bar chart; good communication tool for the project team

question

Def of Milestone

answer

marker on a timeline with zero days duration; signifies a major achievement or important event in a project.

question

Project management is organized into how many process groups?

answer

5

question

Time, cost, and procurement management take place in which project management process?

answer

Project Planning

question

The project team can estimate the likely number of work periods required to perform an activity by using which method?

answer

Analogous or Expert judgment or PERT

question

Def of risk

answer

the effect of uncertainty on objectives Positive risk: opportunity to enhance project's success Negative risk: threat to project's success

question

How to Manage Project Risks

answer

Develop a risk management plan: Identify risks Perform qualitative & quantitative risk analysis Risk response plans Risk register

question

Risk Management Plan—Contents

answer

Definitions of risk for the organization Probability and impact matrix Revised stakeholders' tolerances Reporting formats Tracking Roles and responsibilities Methodology Budgeting Timing Risk categories

question

What is the "Identify Risks" Process

answer

Identify and document potential risks that can impact a project how? Review project plans and documents, analyze assumptions, Engage key stakeholders Create a risk register

question

Def of Risk Register

answer

Output of the Identify Risks Process contains information such as identified risks, probability of occurrence, impact of occurrence on project objectives, risk owners, proposed response strategies, and current status

question

4 risk categories

answer

Technical Organizational External Project Management

question

Areas of uncertainty to identify risks

answer

WBS Activity Lists Reliability, Experience & capacity of vendors Established use of resources Changing market forces Maturity of resources

question

Def of risk owner

answer

A key category of the Risk Register the person assigned to monitor that particular risk and implement the risk response strategy.

question

T or F: Probability and impact are assessed for each identified risk.

answer

True

question

2 methods to Analyze Identified Risks

answer

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS - High-level subjective approach QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS - Numbers and data

question

T or F: Tools and techniques used in identifying project risks include documentation reviews, expert judgment, and assumptions analysis.

answer

True

question

T or F: The highest degree of uncertainty is in project closure.

answer

FALSE!!!!!

question

Risk Response Strategies for positive risks (opportunities)

answer

Share Exploit Enhance Accept

question

Risk Response Strategies for negative risks (threats)

answer

Avoid Transfer Mitigate Accept

question

Purpose of the Monitor & Control Risks Process

answer

Implement risk response plans, track identified risks, identify new risks, and evaluate the effectiveness of the risk response actions

question

How to Monitor & Control Risks

answer

Conduct periodic staff meetings to evaluate actual work performance results with planned results in the project management plan Consider keeping a "Top Ten Risk" list

question

T or F: While managing a systems development project, a project manager will utilize all of the following to identify project risks:Organizational process assets, Scope baseline and Activity cost estimates

answer

True -- the PM WILL NOT USE "Inspection"

question

T or F: A risk register will include both threats and opportunities

answer

True

question

T or F: Acceptance is a risk response strategy for positive and negative risks

answer

True

question

The two primary documents supporting risk management are....

answer

Risk Register and Risk Management Plan

question

The document that defines the project team's approach to identifying, analyzing, responding to, and controlling risks is called the.....

answer

Risk Management Plan

question

What is the function of the project management team?

answer

oversees the development and operation of the project aka: core, executive, or leadership team

question

Order of the 4 HR Management Processes

answer

Develop Human Resources Plan Acquire the Team Development of the Team Staffing Management

question

Staffing Management Plan

answer

Define roles and skills needed Determine timetable Determine availability Secure staff Identify training needs Iteratively refine plan

question

What is a resource calendar

answer

tool used to determine which staff will be needed over time to complete the project Good for visualizing and planning resource allocation within an organization

question

What is a role requirements grid?

answer

outlines the positions and duties necessary to complete the project details responsibilities, necessary skills, # of employees assigned to that role estimated start and finish dates for that role on the project.

question

Expectancy Theory of Organizational Behavior

answer

people anticipate that they will receive positive reinforcement for their work. You can use the rewards to motivate your team members.

question

What is the project organization chart?

answer

a graphical picture of the organization and reporting relationships of the project useful when planning communications and identifying project stakeholders as well as determining project accountability useful for showing the "holes" that you have not filled in your project staff

question

McGregory Theory of Organizational Behavior

answer

X and Y posits two types of employees: Type X and Type Y. Type X employees need to be monitored and encouraged to complete tasks, while Type Y employees are self-starters who will work without supervision.

question

Herzberg Theory of Organizational Behavior

answer

if basic employment needs, such as salary or a safe working environment, are not met, people will not want to perform the work; on the other hand, these elements do not motivate employees to work. Rather, people are driven by the psychological aspects of employment, such as success, reward, and personal development.

question

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

answer

motivation operates as a stepped process to meet employee needs Physiological Needs - food, water, shelter, clothing Safety Needs - family security, protection Social Needs - belonging, friendship, love Esteem Needs - need to be a respected individual Self-actualization - to feel complete and valid in all aspects of self, to feel confident in being oneself THE pinnacle of the pyramid

question

Forms of Power

answer

Referent Formal Technical (SME) Coercive

question

The most important skill for a project manager or leader

answer

Negotiation

question

acquire the project team process

answer

Select the Project Manager Determine Size Facilities Determine Skill Requirements Duration of the assignment Equipment

question

Role of PM in Team Development

answer

Mediator Trainer Mentor Gopher Job Counselor Cheerleader Coach

question

Stages of Team Development

answer

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing

question

Resolving Conflicts

answer

Collaborating Accommodating Compromising Competing Avoiding

question

Ground Rules

answer

clear protocols for behavior and project work provide a set of processes for how to deal with behavior outside of the protocols should be established early on via the project charter must be agreed upon and bought into by all team members

question

T or F: A project manager must be both manager and leader.

answer

True As a manager a project manager must produce consistent results, including the planning, organizing, executing, and controlling operations of the project. As a leader, a project manager must lead at all levels, establishing a vision and strategy at the project and organizational level. The project manager must also be a positive motivating force for the team.

question

Management Styles

answer

Autocratic Democratic Laissez-faire

question

A resource calendar is used to _____

answer

Display which staff are needed over time for the project.

question

A responsibility assignment matrix is _____.

answer

A diagram that correlates the project organizational structure to the Work Breakdown Structure

question

The role requirements grid is _____.

answer

A detailed breakdown of the roles required to execute the project

question

A project organizational chart is ___.

answer

A graphical picture of the organization and reporting relationships of the project

question

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs _____.

answer

States that there are various levels of needs for an employee

question

Which are key characteristics of effective project teams?

answer

Support and Trust Clear Objectives Cooperation and Conflict Process and Procedures

question

An autocratic management style means _____.

answer

That the manager makes decisions unilaterally, and without much regard for subordinates

question

Key communication methods are _____.

answer

Interactive, push, pull

question

4 approaches to Situational Leadership

answer

Telling Selling Participating Delegating

question

During project planning the project team conducts a communication requirements analysis to:

answer

Determine the type and format of information needed to develop the communications management plan. Identify the stakeholder information needs.

question

The number of communication channels is defined by the formula:

answer

n(n-1)/2 Where N is the number of people communicating.

question

Tools to Manage Stakeholder Expectations

answer

Stakeholder Register Project Management Plan Communications Management Plan Issue Log Change Log Intangible Communication Tools: Communication Methods Interpersonal Skills Management Skills

question

Establishing Project Baselines

answer

Baselines: documented values used for future comparisons Key Baselines: -Scope: Tasks and work packages in WBS -Time: Planned start and end times for all work packages -Cost: Estimated cost for each work package

question

Earned Value Management (EVM)

answer

a technique for monitoring and controlling your scope, time, and cost baselines. For each work package, EVM will use the assigned values, as well as actual number outcomes, for a project constraint to calculate variances from plan to outcome.

question

How to Monitor & Control the Project Schedule

answer

Document the work accomplished Compare actual progress with the project schedule Process change requests Use schedule compression techniques

question

How to Control Quality

answer

Use the quality management plan to control quality Verify deliverables align to the quality standards required Identify causes of poor project processes or product quality Recommend preventive and corrective actions Process change requests by taking corrective action when required

question

issues log

answer

help you keep track of problems, both small and large Assign each issue an ID number, date, description, the planned response, and the person responsible for resolving it Update the log as the issue is resolved

question

Techniques for Handling Change Requests

answer

Project Steering Team or Change Control Board (CCB) Use configuration management procedures and tools Document all change requests

question

Def of Quality Assurance

answer

applies to a process set of activities designed to ensure that the development and/or maintenance process is adequate to ensure a system will meet its objectives

question

Def of Quality Control

answer

applies to a product a set of activities designed to evaluate a developed a work product

question

Total Quality Management or TQM Theory

answer

based on the buy-in and participation of an organization's members. It's goal is the long-term organization success through customer satisfaction. benefits all members of the organization and society in general.

question

5 parts of the TQM Model

answer

Customer Focus Planning Process Process Management Process Improvement Total Participation

question

Dr. W. Edwards Deming System of Profound Knowledge (4 points)

answer

Appreciation of a system Knowledge of variation Theory of knowledge Knowledge of psychology

question

Pareto Principle

answer

80/20 rule completing 20 percent of a job provides 80 percent of the benefit to accomplishing all of the work.

question

The Juran Trilogy

answer

a model of how an organization can better understand the relationship between processes that plan, control and improve quality and produce better business result Quality Planning Quality Control Quality Improvement

question

Six Sigma

answer

DMAIC project methodology has 5 phases: Define the problem, the voice of the customer, and the project goals, specifically Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data Analyze the data to investigate and verify cause-and-effect relationships Improve or optimize the current process based upon data analysis using techniques Control the future state process

question

Deming Cycle

answer

PDCA CYCLE Plan Do Check Act

question

Components of Org Culture

answer

Business environment Organizational values Cultural role model Organizational rites, rituals, and customs Cultural transmitters

question

T or F: ISO 9000 and TQM are two different things

answer

True they are not interchangeable ISO 9000 can be viewed as a subset of TQM

question

The Seven Quality Management tools

answer

cause-and-effect diagram/Ishikawa/fishbone chart check sheet Control charts histogram/bar chart Pareto chart Scatter diagram stratification/flowchart/runchart

question

Def of Flowchart

answer

illustrates the relations between process stages by graphically presenting each stage as a box or shape, with arrows between the boxes showing the flow of the entire process.

question

Root Cause Analysis (or RCA)

answer

a class of problem solving methods aimed at identifying the root causes of problems or incidents. This method approaches problem-solving by fixing or removing the original sources of the issue through an iterative and continuous approach, rather than attacking an individual current impact as it occurs.

question

Quality Management Plan

answer

The purpose is to define activities or tasks that intend to deliver products while focusing on achieving the customer's quality expectations defined on the basis of the quality standards set by the organization delivering the product

question

ISO 9000 is

answer

a Certification requires Auditing and Certification borrows principles from TQM requires Documentation of Procedures and Development of Quality Manual

question

A flowchart is...

answer

a type of diagram represents an algorithm or process shows the steps as boxes of various kinds shows order by connecting boxes with arrows

question

Def of Statistical Process Control

answer

the application of statistical methods to the monitoring and control of a process to ensure that it operates at its full potential to produce conforming product Determine Communication Needs

question

The Quality Management Plan describes the following components

answer

-Quality objectives and Key project deliverables and processes -Quality standards and Quality control and assurance activities -Quality roles and responsibilities and Quality tools -Plan for reporting quality control and assurance problems

question

First Step in Project Closing

answer

Revisit the Project Charter and Project Management Plan Review Prior Phases, Activities, and Deliverables Don't give in to scope creep at this late stage by doing work that is not included in your project !

question

Customer Acceptance Document

answer

Used to formally record the customer's acceptance that the project is concluded Statement that the— Customer accepts project deliverables Project has been completed to the customer's satisfaction

question

How to Capture Lessons Learned

answer

capture lessons at project milestones Draft a document with team members contributing Conduct facilitated meetings

question

Cut Over Transition Approach

answer

Switch to new system in one step Advantages: Simple —gets new system in operation Once the new system is in place, staff is motivated to work out the, "bugs" Disadvantages: Can be a disaster if not well planned and executed

question

Parallel Operation Transition Approach

answer

Run the new health IT system in parallel with the current system Advantages:You still have the current system in place, decide when to switch to new system Disadvantages: Can be expensive—and challenging for staff—to have both systems in operation

question

Phased Strategy Transition Approach

answer

Switch to new system in phases Advantages: Organization can ease into use of new system Can stretch out phases over time to match flow of funding Disadvantages: Requires breaking system into phases Delays implementation of full system

question

Simulation Technique for Smooth System Transitions:

answer

Simulate the operation of the new system in the computing and workflow environment of the organization Experiment with the simulation model to gain confidence in the new system Simulation runs will help ensure that the new system will meet performance and responsiveness requirements of users

question

Test Environment Technique for Smooth System Transitions:

answer

Create a test environment of computing hardware and software Implement the new systems, processes, and services in the test environment Bring in staff members to try out the new system in the test environment Obtain their feedback on how the new system is working and what changes should be made

question

Gap Analysis Technique for Smooth System Transitions:

answer

Prepare an "as-is" model of how your current system operates Prepare a, "to-be," model Conduct a gap analysis Compare the, "as-is," and, "to-be," models so you can plan to, "bridge the gap"

question

Which project document answers the following questions: who stands to be impacted by the operations and deliverables of your project, who are they by name, what is the nature of their stake in the project, and what are their expectations?

answer

Stakeholder Register

question

Which project step will answer the following questions: What is the best method for taking on your project? How will your project unfold over time and how can you best manage that? What is the best way to structure your project as a series of sequential, and possibly over-lapping, phases?

answer

Project Life cycle

question

Which project document includes: the name of the project, why you are undertaking this project, the objectives and constraints, who the key stakeholders are, and the project start and end dates?

answer

Project Charter

question

Which project document answers the following questions: How will you handle changes to the project that occur in mid-stream? How do you keep the work manageable when customers/clients/stakeholders continue to demand more and more from the project?

answer

Scope Statement

question

Which project document answers the question: Now that you have defined project scope, how will you organize the work that needs to be done and clearly communicate to management in manageable work packages? in manageable work packages?

answer

Work Breakdown Structure

question

Which project document answers the following questions: What is the importance of each constraint? What are the tasks that are dependent upon completion of other tasks? Is it possible to prioritize the constraints (rank order)? If you have constraints or dependent tasks can they be prioritized? What is the flexibility of a constraint? Can the deadline or budget of the project be negotiated? What is the customers' risk tolerance for changes to the project and plan?

answer

Project Schedule

question

What is the purpose of the project charter?

answer

Gain approval and formally authorize the existence and start of the project.

question

Why is it important to know your stakeholders?

answer

Understanding their motivations will help you address concerns and avoid negative behaviors and tactics. You must know your stakeholders interests to effectively manage their expectations. Stakeholders can be a critical resource in determining the success or failure of the project.

question

Which project document answers the following questions: How do you accurately estimate project costs and determine the project budget? If there are variances in budget and cost, how will these be managed or controlled?

answer

Cost Management Plan

question

Which project document answers the following questions: What is the best way to avoid risky project elements? If there is risk you cannot avoid, how can you minimize or mitigate it?

answer

Risk Management Plan

Project Management Test Questions – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards