question

The term "Pax Romana" refers to the period of __________.

answer

The peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

question

How did the plebeians gain the right to vote and hold political office in the Roman Republic?

answer

They threatened to leave Rome and build a new city.

question

What was the result of the civil wars between leaders of the wealthy and lower classes in Rome during the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. (200-1 B.C.)?

answer

Victorious generals became dictators.

question

What was the basic cause of the Punic Wars?

answer

The cause was a clash between Carthage and Roman over the control of Sicily. Rome won.

question

Which of the following Roman principles has become a part of the legal system of the United States?

answer

Innocent until proven guilty.

question

Why was the Roman Empire divided in half during the 3rd century A.D.?

answer

To make it easier to administer.

question

Many small city-states developed in ancient Greece largely because __________.

answer

The Greek peninsula is divided by mountains and inlets that separated people.

question

Which of the following is a major contribution of ancient Athens to Western civilization?

answer

democracy

question

The Minoan culture, located on the island of Crete, __________.

answer

created the first written literature of the ancient world

question

As a result of the Persian Wars of the 5th century B.C. __________.

answer

the influence of Athens increased in Greece

question

The polis or city-state of ancient Greece was __________.

answer

a city and the agricultural lands surrounding it

question

Which was the most important reason for the Greek colonization of the Mediterranean and Black Sea areas between 800 and 600 B.C.?

answer

a shortage of land for the growing population in greece

question

Trade developed early and was very important to the people of Sumer because they __________.

answer

they lacked needed natural resources such as stone, wood, metal

question

The civilization in Southwest Asia that lasted for the longest time was that of the __________.

answer

persian empire

question

Cuneiform writing originated with the Sumerians about 5,300 years ago. The adoption of cuneiform writing by the Babylonians, Assyrians, and Hittites is an example of __________.

answer

cultural diffusion

question

All of the following are necessary for a Neolithic culture to evolve into a civilization, EXCEPT __________.

answer

the development of a system of public education for the community

question

The great pyramids at Giza are remarkable structures because __________.

answer

they were the most massive man-made structures until the 20th century

question

The Byzantine Empire was finally destroyed by who?

answer

Turks.

question

Which was NOT a reason why the Emperor Constantine selected the ancient town of Byzantium as the site for his new capital of Constantinople?

answer

Its nearness to Rome would facilitate communications with the Western Empire.

question

Three of the following were strengths which enabled the Byzantine Empire to last for over 1,000 years. Which was NOT?

answer

A well-trained and loyal army defended the empire

question

Why did Diocletian divide the Roman Empire into eastern and western sections in 285 A.D.?

answer

Civil wars and foreign invasions showed that the empire had become too large to be ruled by one person.

question

What was a RESULT of Justinian's attempt to reunite the eastern and western halves of the old Roman Empire?

answer

The attempt led to a return of prosperity to Rome and Italy.

question

One reason the Byzantine Empire outlived the Western Roman Empire was that __________.

answer

Its navy was able to control the seas bordering the empire

question

The investiture struggle in the Holy Roman Empire __________.

answer

Led to the calling of the Crusades

question

Three of the following were results of the Hundred Years' War. Which was NOT?

answer

The French limited papal control by establishing a national "Gallican" Church.

question

One reason why Germany did NOT become a strong unified state during the Middle Ages was because __________.

answer

Holy Roman emperors spent more time trying to conquer Italy than to unify Germany.

question

The Wars of the Roses were fought between __________.

answer

Rivals for the English throne

question

The Magna Carta contained the principle that __________.

answer

The monarch could not tax without the consent of the nobility

question

As a RESULT of the Hundred Years' War __________.

answer

England lost nearly all of its possessions in France

question

Three of the following caused conflicts between national monarchies and the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages. Which did NOT?

answer

Monarchs often demanded that they be chosen as pope.

question

Three of the following enabled Philip II "Augustus" to strengthen the French monarchy. Which did NOT?

answer

He defeated attempts by England and the Holy Roman Empire to dominate France.

question

When nations try to maintain the balance of power they __________.

answer

Try to prevent domination by one country.

question

Which was a basic CAUSE of the American Revolution?

answer

Britain's decision to tighten its control over the Thirteen Colonies.

question

During the European Enlightenment the democratic idea emerged that governments get their power from __________.

answer

The will of the people.

question

Simon Bolivar dreamed of a United States of South America. Besides geography, which factor made that dream impossible?

answer

All of the above: The new governments were having financial difficulties; there was jealousy and distrust among the national leaders; Bolivar himself became a dictator.

question

The Reign of Terror during the French Revolution led to the __________.

answer

Execution of thousands of people suspected of treason.

question

John Locke's First and Second Treatises on Government were written in defense of which event?

answer

Glorious Revolution.

question

How did Napoleon come to power?

answer

Overthrow of the French government.

question

The Thirteen American Colonies opposed the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Tea Act because these acts __________.

answer

Violated the right of no taxation without representation.

question

Both the American Revolution of 1776 and the French Revolution of 1789 were partially caused by __________.

answer

Unfair taxes.

question

Three of the following improvements in agriculture that helped to bring on the Agricultural Revolution are correctly paired with their inventor or discoverer. Which is NOT?

answer

Seed Drill - Charles Townshend.

question

The Industrial Revolution resulted in __________.

answer

The movement of people to the cities.

question

Which is NOT a basic idea of Marxism?

answer

The establishment of a communist society will be achieved democratically by the working class through their use of the ballot.

question

In which country did the Industrial Revolution occur LAST?

answer

Russia.

question

During the 19th century, what was a MAJOR purpose of pools, trusts, and cartels?

answer

Reduce competition between businesses.

question

Three of the following are reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in England. Which is NOT?

answer

England's colonies provided markets for manufactured goods.

question

The use of mass production __________.

answer

Made production faster and cheaper.

question

The Commercial Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries led to the Industrial Revolution by __________.

answer

Promoting democracy in European nations.

question

As a result of the Industrial Revolution there was an increase in the __________.

answer

Production of goods.

question

Many Greek city-states encouraged migration to areas outside of Greece during the 8th and 7th centuries B.C. in order to __________.

answer

Ease discontent caused by a maldistribution of land and an increase in poverty.

question

A characteristic of the Minoan civilization was its __________.

answer

Development of a network of trade throughout the Mediterranean region.

question

How were the people of ancient Greece affected by the geography of their homeland?

answer

The difficulty of transportation led to the creation of many isolated communities.

question

Which of the following was a feature of Athenian democracy during the 5th century B.C.?

answer

All male citizens could vote in the city assembly regardless of wealth.

question

A polis of ancient Greece was a __________.

answer

Politically independent unit that included a city and surrounding land.

question

As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta __________.

answer

Dominated Greece for a number of years.

question

As a result of the Persian Wars of the 5th century B.C. __________.

answer

Athens took the lead in organizing an alliance of Greek city-states against further attacks by the Persian Empire.

question

Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persian Empire resulted in __________.

answer

A period of cultural diffusion between Greece and the Near East.

question

As a result of the Peloponnesian Wars __________.

answer

Sparta attempted to dominate the former city-states of the Athenian Empire.

question

Which of the ancient civilizations developed an empire that controlled the most land?

answer

Persians.

question

The Fertile Crescent was a major means of migration in ancient times because __________.

answer

It's the shortest distance between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean Sea.

question

A major contribution of the Jews of ancient times was the __________.

answer

Concept of one God and an ethical code.

question

The Middle East has been a crossroads of invasions and conquests for most of written history. However, one ancient civilization lasted for more than a thousand years before being conquered by invaders. Which of the following ancient civilizations of the Middle East lasted for over a thousand years before being conquered?

answer

Sumerians.

question

A necessary precondition for a Neolithic village to become a civilization in prehistory was the __________.

answer

Production of an agricultural surplus.

question

The conquest of one culture by another usually resulted in all of the following, EXCEPT __________.

answer

Adoption of cultural characteristics of the conquerors by the vanquished.

question

The use of iron for tools and weapons developed later than the use of copper because iron __________.

answer

Requires a very high temperature to melt.

question

Which culture is MOST closely associated with seafaring, trading, and establishing colonies on other continents that border the Mediterranean Sea?

answer

Phoenicians.

question

Medieval European cities usually grew __________.

answer

Along trade routes.

question

Which helped to bring about an increase of trade within Western Europe during the 11th and 12th centuries?

answer

Increase in population.

question

Feudalism arose in Western Europe because __________.

answer

There was a need for law and order.

question

The Black Death was __________.

answer

A disease that killed millions of Europeans during the 14th century.

question

Peasants on a typical medieval manor lacked incentives to use new farming methods to produce a surplus of crops because __________.

answer

The soil and climate of Western Europe discouraged the introduction of new methods.

question

What was an INDIRECT RESULT of the Crusades on Europe?

answer

Decline of feudalism.

question

Three of the following were accomplished by Charlemagne. Which was NOT?

answer

He succeeded in driving the Muslims out of North Africa.

question

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Merovingian dynasty of the Franks __________.

answer

Ruled over a kingdom including most of modern-day France, the Low Countries, and western Germany.

question

The Hanseatic League was created to __________.

answer

Promote the trade of cities along the North and Baltic Seas.

question

How did Daoism influence Chinese society during its dynastic era?

answer

It offered an alternative to Confucianism by emphasizing the individual.

question

Settled agriculture was FIRST seen in China around __________.

answer

5000 B.C.

question

Why do more than 90 percent of the people in China live in the eastern third of the country?

answer

All of the above- The Gobi Desert makes the north central area unfit for agriculture; The rugged hills and mountains of the west make that area unfit for agriculture; The eastern third of the country is the most suitable for agriculture.

question

In Confucianism's four-class system, which group sat at the top of the hierarchy?

answer

Scholars.

question

Which of the following was NOT a principle of Confucianism?

answer

Individual rights.

question

Which of the following mountain ranges separate China from India?

answer

Himalayas.

question

Which of the following developments is an example of cultural diffusion?

answer

Buddhism, which originated in India, was brought to China around the 1st century A.D.

question

Which of the following inventions originated in ancient China?

answer

All of the above.

question

China's diverse topography and location have resulted in which of the following developments?

answer

Its relative isolation throughout its long history.

question

Which major religion was born during a time when the Roman Empire was near its height?

answer

Christianity.

question

Augustus is an important figure in Roman history because he __________.

answer

Began two centuries of peace and economic prosperity.

question

As a result of the Punic Wars, Rome __________.

answer

Won control over the western Mediterranean.

question

What factor was important for the creation and maintenance of the Pax Romana?

answer

The establishment of a uniform legal code throughout the empire.

question

What advantage did the Germanic tribes have in their conflict with the Roman Empire during the 3rd to 5th centuries A.D.?

answer

Nearly every German male was a trained warrior.

question

The creation of the First and Second Triumvirates in Rome during the 1st century B.C. is evidence that __________.

answer

Military leaders illegally seized power and dominated the Roman Republic.

question

Three of the following contributed to the end of the Pax Romana (3rd century A.D.). Which one did NOT?

answer

A 20-year plague weakened the Roman army and demoralized the civilian population.

question

Which was an important cause of the decline of the Roman Empire?

answer

Revolts by the Senate against emperors.

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