POLI SCI 102 chapter 1 – Flashcards
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A belief in the need to maintain economic equality is __ core part of the US political culture.
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Not a
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A totalitarian system of rule seeks to
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Impose its will by suppressing any and all other groups and individuals in society
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Ancient Greeks believed the ideal __ was knowledgable of, and actively participated in, government.
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Citizen
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Being suspicious of strong government has been/ was true of Americans
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Throughout US history
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Demographic changes in America have spawned the charge that the American political system seriously underrepresents
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Urban areas
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Freedom from government control and economic freedom are both definitions of
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Liberty
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Liberty, democracy, and __ are the United States' core political values.
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Equality
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Over the last century, America's population has become __ elderly and __ young.
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more;less
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Political equality means that each citizen
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Has one, and only one, vote
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Progressives advocated women's suffrage in part because
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They believed women voters were likely to support their championed reforms
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Representatives make decision about public policy in a
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Representative democracy
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The people are sovereign in a
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Democracy
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The practice of direct democracy includes which of the following
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Ballot referendum
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What change did the national census undergo in 1970 regarding people of Hispanic origin
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It began counting people of Hispanic origin for the first time
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Which of the following is true of digital citizenship
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Digital citizens are likely to be "good" citizens
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Which of the following is true of income distribution in the United States
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In 2012, the top 10 percent earned more than half of the total national income
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Which of the following spurred the first major expansion of the power of the government in the United States
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The great depression
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Which of the following statements about recent immigration trends and the foreign-born population in the United States is accurate
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People born in Asia constitute the second-largest group of foreign born residents
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Which of the following wanted to promote participation for the middle classes
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The bourgeoisie
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Who gets what, when, and how is the definition of
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Politics
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__ refers to a system that allows very little room for the national government to regulate trade or restrict the use of private property, even in the public interest
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Laissez-faire capitalism
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According to the Anagnoson text, chapter 1, California's population, the foreign-born population, and the approximate number of undocumented immigrants are
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38.3 million, 10.2 million, and 2.7 million
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According to Anagnoson, in chapter 1, the inability of the California legislature to make decisions that benefit the state as a whole is due to:
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The influence of interest groups, the two-thirds requirement to raise taxes, and California's size and diversity
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California term limits are
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8 years for governor, 12 years for the Assembly, and 12 years for the state Senate
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"Majoritarian" as applied to California government means that
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The state makes many important decisions through direct democracy and the initiative process
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Individualism is an idea that
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Can be traced back to John Locke
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Critics of individualism
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Tend to focus more on society as a whole rather than just the individual
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The primary value to defenders of individualism in America is
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Freedom
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Americans' trust in their government
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has declined significantly since the 1960s
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Political efficacy is the belief that
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one can influence what government does
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According to the authors, good citizenship requires
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political knowledge and political engagement
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What is digital citizenship?
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the ability to participate in society online
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What is the difference between a totalitarian government and an authoritarian one?
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In an authoritarian government, certain social institutions may restrain the power of the government
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In constitutional government
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formal and effective limits are placed on the powers of government
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Although not present at the national level, a number of states and cities permit citizens to vote directly on laws and policies. What is this form of rule called?
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direct democracy
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The percentage of foreign-born individuals living in the United States
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has increased significantly since reaching its low point in 1970
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Since 1900, which of the following groups has increased as a percentage of the overall population in the United States
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black, Hispanics, and Asian
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As a percentage of the total population in the United States, which age group has increased the more dramatically from 1900 to 2010?
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the elderly
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What percentage of Americans live in urban areas today?
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about 80 percent
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Which of the following is not related to the American conception of liberty?
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freedom of speech, economic liberty, freedom of religion, and freedom of assembly
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Which of the following is not part of the core value of the American political system?
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belief in equality of results
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The principle of political equality can be best summed up as
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"equality of opportunity"
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Which of the following are reasons it is important for Americans to trust their government?
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Trust is important to attract talented people to work for the government, a lack of trust could endanger tax revenue, and a mistrusted government can do little to work with its citizens
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Political efficacy is the idea that __ citizens can influence the government and its policies. Americans have __ sense of political efficacy.
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even ordinary; a declining
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Local government provides what
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running water
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Federal government provides what
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standardized time and copyright protection
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State government provides what
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speed limits on major highways
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Trust in the government:
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Trust in government increases during times of national tragedy, trust in government has generally declined since 1960
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How has the power of the federal government developed over time?
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The power of the federal government has increased
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People who are politically active tend to believe that they have a __ degree of political efficacy. Political efficacy is the ability to __ the government.
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high; influence
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Over the last several decades, American trust in the federal government has
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decreased
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Why is political knowledge necessary for citizens?
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it increases knowledge of available services, it can advance citizen interests, and it helps protect their rights
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What is the relationship between being politically informed and public trust in government
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The informed public trusts the government more than the uninformed
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A recent survey found that 75 percent of Americans read the news online and more than 6 in 10 look up political information on the internet. These are examples of what kind of citizenship?
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Digital
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What was the difference between the percentage of the informed public that trusted the government in 2013 and the percentage of the general public that did so?
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14%
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Describe how internet access affects political participation
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Internet access tends to increase political participation
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What is the best definition of "digital citizenship"?
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participation in society through the internet
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Which of the following examples meet the definition of government?
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A group of tribal elders meet to discuss issues and make decisions for the tribe, a military commander seizes a country by force replacing the government, and the population of an island gather once per year to settle grievances and find solutions to common problems
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In order the governments which have the most legal limits placed upon their power to those with the fewest limits
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constitutional, authoritarian, and totalitarian
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What two factors led to the development of constitutional democracies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
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Governments started recognizing legal limits on their power and some governments began giving citizens political voice through the vote
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Ballot initiatives and referenda are examples in American of what kind of democracy?
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direct
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Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin are examples of what type of government system that seeks to absorb or eliminate other social institutions that might challenge it
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totalitarian
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Politics
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Can be thought of as the conflict over the direction, identity, and resources of an organization.
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Power
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is the ability to influence that process
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Representative democracy
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A major bill that many legislators campaigned on passes Congress, Congress votes to impeach an unpopular president, and a major bill supported by the majority of citizens passes a state legislature
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Direct democracy
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California's citizens vote to recall their governor and a state constitution is amended following referendum
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Since the 1920s, immigration to the united states has__. This has been particularly true of people emigrating from__.
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increased; Central America and Asia
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Which of the following about socioeconomic status in America is true?
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Wealth inequality has grown over the past 40 years
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Thanks to immigration, America has a younger population now than it did in 1900.
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False
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Which of the following are true about immigration?
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The largest group of immigrants in the first half of the twentieth century came from Europe. Today most immigrants come from Asia or the Americas.
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Which ethnic/racial group in the 2010 census data that has decreased the most as a percentage of the population since 1900?
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Whites
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The __ has grown the most as a percentage of the population since the 1900, while the __ has declined the most.
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west; midwest
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Which of the following groups make up more than 10% of the population, as of the 2012 census?
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Latino, African Americans, Whites
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The Bill of Rights of the US Constitution primarily addressed which core American value?
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liberty
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Which of the following does the textbook identify as being at the core of American values?
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liberty, equality, and democracy
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Laissez-faire __ means an economic system with little room for government regulation or interference
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capitalism
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The ability of people to choose their leaders in free and fair elections is called __, while __ refers to freedom from government control.
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democracy; liberty
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When most Americans say equality is an important value they define equality as the opportunity for everyone to have fair chance to succeed, and not the equality of outcomes.
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true
