Home Page Science Biology Cell Biology AP Biology Plant Structure - Flashcards

Plant Structure – Flashcards

Steven Ramirez

7 July 2022

question

vascular meristem

answer

in a plant the lateral meristem that produces secondary xylem and phloem

question

endodermis

answer

The innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots; a cylinder one cell thick that forms the boundary between the cortex and the vascular cylinder.

question

histology

answer

The study of tissues

question

vegetative organs

answer

The parts of a plant (such as stems, roots, and leaves) that are not involved in reproduction

question

merismatic tissue

answer

Areas of rapidly dividing cells

question

apical meristem

answer

Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.

question

lateral meristem

answer

Growth region of a plant that provides secondary growth, increase in girth

question

intercalary meristem

answer

meristem near nodes at the intervals of the plant allowing a quick growth

question

parenchyma tissue

answer

Type of structural tissue found in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits that makes and stores food

question

collenchyma tissue

answer

a tissue bordering the veins of leaves and making up the "strings" in celery

question

sclerenchyma tissue

answer

dead cells with thick walls that have lignin and provide strength and support

question

fibers

answer

slender cells that occur in strands and are commonly found in roots, stems, leaves and fruits.

question

sclereids

answer

far stubbier than fibers and often branched, these are another typical sclerenchyma cell that strengthens hard seed coats such as peach pits, and make pear flesh gritty

question

vascular bundle

answer

A strand of vascular tissues (both xylem and phloem) in a plant stem.

question

tap root

answer

A single thick root that grown straight down. It can reach water that is deep in the ground. Store food for the plant.

question

fibrous root

answer

part of a root system in which roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows larger than the rest

question

adventitious root

answer

root arising above the ground from stems or leaves

question

haustoria

answer

parasitic roots that parasitize a host plant

question

root cap

answer

a structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury

question

casparian strip

answer

waterproof strip that surrounds plant endodermal cells and is involved in the one-way passage of materials into the vascular cylinder in plant roots.

question

pericycle

answer

The outermost layer of the vascular cylinder of a root, where lateral roots originate.

question

pith

answer

ground tissue that is internal to the vascular tissue

question

lateral roots

answer

roots growing from the primary root

question

stem node

answer

The area of a plant's stem from which the leaves grow

question

terminal bud

answer

bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth, contains the tip of the shoot

question

bud scales

answer

modified leaves protecting the terminal bud

question

axillary bud

answer

buds with embrionic shoots that can give rise to new branches or flowers and are located between the petiole and the stem

question

lenticles

answer

structures on the twig allowing gas exchange

question

stolons

answer

modified stem that is growing beneath the surface in different directions

question

tubers

answer

Swollen, fleshy, underground stem. Stores food. Ex. Irish potatop

question

thorn

answer

modified stem found in honey locust

question

simple leaf

answer

only one blade

question

compound leaf

answer

many blades for one leaf

question

pinnately compound leaf

answer

a compound leaf with leaflets attached like vanes of a feather to an elongated rachis

question

palmately compound leaf

answer

leaflets from a single point

question

phyllotaxy

answer

arrangement of leaves on a stem

question

opposite leaf attachment

answer

two leaves per node

question

alternate leaf attachment

answer

one leaf per node

question

whorled leaf attachment

answer

three or more leaves per node

question

leaf mesophyll

answer

ground tissue of a leaf

question

palisade mesophyll

answer

in plants, the layer of vertically elongated cells that contains chloroplasts, that is located beneath the upper epidermis of leaves, and that participates in photosynthesis

question

spongy mesophyll

answer

inside a leaf, the tissue that is made up of loosely arranged parenchyma cells that contain chloroplasts and are surrounded by air spaces that promote the diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water throughout the leaf

question

guard cells

answer

The two cells that flank the stomatal pore and regulate the opening and closing of the pore.

question

1. Epidermis 2. Cortex 3. Endodermis 4. Xylem 5. Phloem

answer

Name the layers of a monocot root

question

root branch, pericycle

answer

what is this structure? where does it originate from?

question

bark

answer

All tissues external to the vascular cambium, consisting mainly of the secondary phloem and layers of periderm (cork, cork cambium in case of woody plants)

question

parenchyma

answer

tissue type

question

collenchyma

answer

tissue type

question

sclerenchyma

answer

tissue type

1 of

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Unlock answers

question

vascular meristem

answer

in a plant the lateral meristem that produces secondary xylem and phloem

question

endodermis

answer

The innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots; a cylinder one cell thick that forms the boundary between the cortex and the vascular cylinder.

question

histology

answer

The study of tissues

question

vegetative organs

answer

The parts of a plant (such as stems, roots, and leaves) that are not involved in reproduction

question

merismatic tissue

answer

Areas of rapidly dividing cells

question

apical meristem

answer

Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length.

question

lateral meristem

answer

Growth region of a plant that provides secondary growth, increase in girth

question

intercalary meristem

answer

meristem near nodes at the intervals of the plant allowing a quick growth

question

parenchyma tissue

answer

Type of structural tissue found in roots, stems, leaves, and fruits that makes and stores food

question

collenchyma tissue

answer

a tissue bordering the veins of leaves and making up the "strings" in celery

question

sclerenchyma tissue

answer

dead cells with thick walls that have lignin and provide strength and support

question

fibers

answer

slender cells that occur in strands and are commonly found in roots, stems, leaves and fruits.

question

sclereids

answer

far stubbier than fibers and often branched, these are another typical sclerenchyma cell that strengthens hard seed coats such as peach pits, and make pear flesh gritty

question

vascular bundle

answer

A strand of vascular tissues (both xylem and phloem) in a plant stem.

question

tap root

answer

A single thick root that grown straight down. It can reach water that is deep in the ground. Store food for the plant.

question

fibrous root

answer

part of a root system in which roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows larger than the rest

question

adventitious root

answer

root arising above the ground from stems or leaves

question

haustoria

answer

parasitic roots that parasitize a host plant

question

root cap

answer

a structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury

question

casparian strip

answer

waterproof strip that surrounds plant endodermal cells and is involved in the one-way passage of materials into the vascular cylinder in plant roots.

question

pericycle

answer

The outermost layer of the vascular cylinder of a root, where lateral roots originate.

question

pith

answer

ground tissue that is internal to the vascular tissue

question

lateral roots

answer

roots growing from the primary root

question

stem node

answer

The area of a plant's stem from which the leaves grow

question

terminal bud

answer

bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth, contains the tip of the shoot

question

bud scales

answer

modified leaves protecting the terminal bud

question

axillary bud

answer

buds with embrionic shoots that can give rise to new branches or flowers and are located between the petiole and the stem

question

lenticles

answer

structures on the twig allowing gas exchange

question

stolons

answer

modified stem that is growing beneath the surface in different directions

question

tubers

answer

Swollen, fleshy, underground stem. Stores food. Ex. Irish potatop

question

thorn

answer

modified stem found in honey locust

question

simple leaf

answer

only one blade

question

compound leaf

answer

many blades for one leaf

question

pinnately compound leaf

answer

a compound leaf with leaflets attached like vanes of a feather to an elongated rachis

question

palmately compound leaf

answer

leaflets from a single point

question

phyllotaxy

answer

arrangement of leaves on a stem

question

opposite leaf attachment

answer

two leaves per node

question

alternate leaf attachment

answer

one leaf per node

question

whorled leaf attachment

answer

three or more leaves per node

question

leaf mesophyll

answer

ground tissue of a leaf

question

palisade mesophyll

answer

in plants, the layer of vertically elongated cells that contains chloroplasts, that is located beneath the upper epidermis of leaves, and that participates in photosynthesis

question

spongy mesophyll

answer

question

guard cells

answer

The two cells that flank the stomatal pore and regulate the opening and closing of the pore.

question

1. Epidermis 2. Cortex 3. Endodermis 4. Xylem 5. Phloem

answer

Name the layers of a monocot root

question

root branch, pericycle

answer

what is this structure? where does it originate from?

question

bark

answer

All tissues external to the vascular cambium, consisting mainly of the secondary phloem and layers of periderm (cork, cork cambium in case of woody plants)

question

parenchyma

answer

tissue type

question

collenchyma

answer

tissue type

question

sclerenchyma

answer

tissue type

Plant Structure – Flashcards

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