Physical Scince Test 2 – Flashcards
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Which are the building blocks of all matter?
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Atoms
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In which step of the scientific method is information obtained through the senses?
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Making observations
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What happens when the data in an investigation do not support the original hypothesis?
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The hypothesis is revised
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Why are scientific models important?
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They help visualize things that are very complex, very large, or very small.
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how is .00069 written in scientific notation?
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6.9 times 10 to the power of -4
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What are 6 centimeters equals to?
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60 milimeters
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A substance that is made up of only one kind of atom is
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Element
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If an unknown substance cannot be broken down into simpler substances it is
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Compound and Element
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if a material contains three elements joined in a fixed proportion it is a
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compound
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Which of the following is a mixture?
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Solid
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a mixture that appears to contain only one substance
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homogeneous mixture
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is a homogeneous mixture
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a jar of mixed nuts
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a mixture can be classified as a solution, suspension, or colloid based on the...
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color of its particles
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you are about to open a container of soy milk but notice that there are instructions to "shake well before serving" the soy milk is most likely a...
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pure substance
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Filtration can be used to seperate mixtures based on
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size of their particles
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What method can be used to seperate parts of a liquid mixture when the entire mixture can pass throught a filter
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distillation
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When a physical change in a sample occurs, which of the following does not change?
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composition
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Give an example of a physical change?
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sawing a piece of wood
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What is not a clue that a chemical change has occured?
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change in shape
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Give an example of a chemical change
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water breaking down into hydrogen and oxygen
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Define a gas
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has no definite shape or volume
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Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a
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liquid
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If you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes, the substance is a
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gas
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What type of change occurs when water changes from a solid to a liquid
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a phase change and a physical change
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The phase change that is reverse of condensation is
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vaporization
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During a phase change the temperature of a substance
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No change
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is
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vaporization
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the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is
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melting
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The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first is
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sublimation
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Democritus thought that matter was made of
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tiny particles that could not be divided
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If 2 grams of element X combine with 4 grams of element Y to form compound XY how many grams of element Y would combine with 14 grams of X to form the same compound
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28 grams
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Which of the following is NOT part of john daltons atomic theory
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atoms contain subatomic particles
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JJ thomsons experiment provided evidence that an atom contains
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negatively charged particles
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The diagram figure 4-1 shows the results of Rutherfords gold foil experiement. What caused some of the alpha particles to bounce straight back from the gold foil
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nuclei in the gold atoms
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Rutherford's gold foil experiment provided evidence for
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There is a dense, positively charged mass in the center of an atom.
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In an atomic model that includes a nucleus, postive charge is located where?
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concentrated in the center of the atom
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describe rutherfords model of the atom
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It is like a huge stadium with a positively charged marble at the center.
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Which subatomic particle has a negative charge
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electron
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Which statement about subatomic particles is not true
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Protons and neutrons have the same charge.
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Which statement about subatomic particles is true?
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An electron has far less mass than either a proton or neutron
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What is unique for any given element?
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the number of protons
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The number of protons in one atom of an element is thats elements
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atomic number
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to find the number of neutrons in an atom, you would subtract
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atomic number from mass
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What is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18?
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They are isotopes of oxygen
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in neils bohr's model of the atom how do electrons mover
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like planets orbiting the sun
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what can you assume has happened if an electron moves to a high energy level
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The electron has gained energy.
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What do scientists use to predict the locations of electrons in atoms
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probability
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What does the electron cloud model describe
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the most likely locations of electrons in atoms
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What is the difference between an atom in the ground state and an atom in an excited state?
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The atom in an excited state has more energy and is less stable than the atom in the ground state.
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The glowing of a neon light is caused by electrons emitting energy as they
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move from higher to lower energy levels
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In order for solution to form
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one substance must dissolve in another
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Study figure 8-1, when the ionic compound K1 is dissolved in water, the I ions are pulled into solution by the attraction between
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the I− ion and the positive end of a water molecule
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A salt is dissolved in water, which has a boiling point of 100c. The boiling point of the solution will be
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greater than 100°C.
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During the formation of a solution, energy is
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either released or absorbed
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A student dissolved equal amounts of salt in equal amounts of warm water, room temperature water, and ice water. in which solution did the salt dissolve most quickly?
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The salt dissolved most quickly in the warm water
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The maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a given temperature is that solute's
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solubility
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The solubiility of carbon dioxide gas in water can be increased by
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increasing the pressure
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A solution that contains more solute than it would normally hold at that temperature is said to be
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supersaturated
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What is the slope of the line shown in figure 1-2
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8.8 g/cm3
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In figure 1-2, what quantity does the slope represent
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