phonetic approach – Flashcards
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2 main approaches for speech sound disorder:
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phonetic (motor) approach -articulation approach -traditional approach phonological (cognitive-linguistic) approach
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therapy approach...
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instructional programs typically involve elements of both motor and linguistic-based approaches -it is important to understand basic elements of each approach and develop your rationales -why are you doing therapy in that way?
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motor (phonetic) approach
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assumption -speech disorders are a peripheral production difficulty that may be related to auditory discrimination problem -therapy should focus on motor skills in producing target sounds and perceptual skills
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speech sound error=
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individual errors on a number of single sounds
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remediation requires...
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repetitive practice (using lots of exemplars) at increasingly complex motor and linguistic levels until the target articulatory gesture becomes automatic
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target selection factors: children
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-early developing -stimulable -frequently occurring most likely to interfere with intelligibility (optional)
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goal of motor (phonetic) approach
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to teach positioning and movement of the articulators for sound production -combines motor training and perception
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4 basic techniques of motor/phonetic approach
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imitation/modeling facilitating contexts phonetic placement successive approximation/shaping
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phonetic approach (circles LOL)
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perceptual training & production training
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perceptual (ear) training
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identification -tell me if the first sound is correctly produced discrimination -tell me if these are the same or diff
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auditory bombardment
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an exercise in which children hear a target sound several times in a short period of time -reading a story that has numerous occurrences of the target sound is "bombarding" the child with that particular sound
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production training
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start in isolation and gradually progress through levels which become more and more complex both motorically and linguistically -each level must achieve automatically with extensive practice
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phases of conductive training
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isolation nonsense syllables (optional) words (CV, then CVC, then more complex) phrases sentences conversation
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4 phonetic techniques
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1. imitation/modeling 2. facilitating contexts 3. phonetic placement 4. shaping: [f] from [p]
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imitation/modeling
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use auditory, visual, and tactile cues "watch me and do exactly as i do"
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facilitating contexts
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look for "key words" (at least one phonetic context where sounds are produced correctly)
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phonetic placement (use your knowledge of phonetics)
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when the client is unable to imitate a target sound, SLP cues or instructs client where to place articulators -to teach the tongue and lip positions used in speech production
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phonetic placement
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to elicit /t/, ask the client to raise the tongue tip, touch the tongue tip to the alveolar ridge, and to quickly draw the tongue tip down -using mirror & image drawings -scripture & jackson (1927). a manual of exercises for the correction of speech disorders
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shaping
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use a sound that the client can already produce regardless of speech errors -shaping [f] from [p]
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shaping step 1
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say [f] and [p] to demonstrate the difference (try to build a new sound based on what they already know and can produce)
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shaping step 2
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ask the client to say [p] and to retract the lower lip until the upper teeth are in contact with the lower lip
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shaping step 3
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ask the client to separate his teeth and lips slightly, resulting in [f]
