question

Drugs affect the central nervous system by

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Blocking the production or forcing the continued release of neurotransmitter

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Which of the following is NOT part of the process of addiction

answer

Setting

question

Which of the following BEST illustrates codependence?

answer

Protecting an addicted son or daughter from criticism by ignoring the problem

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Which of the following conditions show MOST clearly that Lise is a codependent in her husband's alcoholism?

answer

She will make excuses for her husband's drinking behavior

question

A drug is any substance (other than food) that

answer

Alters structure or function in living organisms

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Drugs that change the user's feelings, perceptions, or moods are called

answer

Psychoactive

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Which of the following is FALSE regarding psychoactive drugs? They

answer

Only depress the central nervous system

question

Which of the following BEST illustrates a drug tolerance reaction?

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Felicia used to be dizzy when she drank a glass of wine, but she no longer does

question

The unpleasant effects of the drug withdrawal are caused by

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The body's attempt to regain homeostasis after developing physical dependence on the drug

question

Cross-tolerance occurs when

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Tolerance for one drug affects tolerance for another

question

Every day after work, Leon has a couple of drinks to help him relax even though it upsets his stomach. This illustrates that he

answer

is psychologically dependent on alcohol

question

Another word that means psychological dependence is

answer

Habituation

question

Which of the following BEST illustrates drug misuse, as opposed to drug abuse?

answer

Taking twice the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter painkiller for toothache

question

When does drug misuse MOST clearly cross the line into drug abuse?

answer

When you continue use despite negative effects on health

question

Both of Ron's parents abuse drugs, and he fears that we will inherit that behavior. What can you tell him about the role of heredity in substance abuse?

answer

Genetic factors have been found to play in the development of alcoholism, but are less conclusive for other substances

question

Which of the following children is MOST likely to take drugs when he gets older?

answer

A child who is easily bored and needs constant challenges

question

The highest rate of drug abuse in the United States occurs among people of ages

answer

18 to 25

question

A gateway drug is a drug that

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often leads to the abuse of heavier drugs

question

Of the following, the clearest example of a gateway drug influence is

answer

youngsters' cigarette smoking leading the way into marijuana smoking

question

When two or more drugs are taken and the result is merely combined total effect of each drug, the result is a(n) ____ effect.

answer

Additive

question

Which of the following BEST describes a synergistic effect of two drugs taken together? the effect of the

answer

Two drugs combined is greater than the effects of each taken alone

question

Which of the following BEST illustrates a synergistic drug effect?

answer

Taking several drinks after a dose of your antianxiety drug suddenly causes severe respiratory depression

question

When a doctor administers another drug to a victim of a drug overdose, it is probably one that

answer

has an antagonistic effect on the drug that the victim took

question

So-called club drugs are identified by their

answer

association with bars and raves

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Cocaine, caffeine, and amphetamines are all

answer

stimulants

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Halle drinks three cups of strong coffee per day. Based on what researchers know now, what risk does she face and wheat should she do?

answer

No significant risks; she only needs to cut back if she become pregnant

question

Which of the following is FALSE regarding caffeine?

answer

There is strong research linking consumption to coronary heart disease

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A drug commonly prescribed to hyperactive children that is sometimes abused is

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Ritalin

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Crystal methamphetamine is

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a pure form of methamphetamine that produces intense physical and psychological exhilaration

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The addictive effects of cocaine are

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both psychological and physical

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The combination of cocaine hydrochloride with common baking soda is called

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crack

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One of the biggest dangers of crack use is

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heart failure

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Freebasing is

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a method of using solvents to concentrate cocaine

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Drugs that induce sleep are often used in anesthesia are called

answer

barbiturates

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Tranquilizers and barbiturates fit into which drug category?

answer

depressants

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All of the following are names for the "date rape" drug EXCEPT

answer

Liquid ecstasy

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If your doctor prescribes a tranquilizer for you, her intention for the drug is to help you to

answer

relax

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Heavy use of hallucinogens is known to occasionally produce

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flashbacks

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LSD is typically manufactured in

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home laboratories

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The effects of LSD

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six to nine hours

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The main difference between designer drugs and drugs on the FDA's list of controlled substances is

answer

their legal status

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Designer drugs are

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chemically and psychoactive similar to controlled substances, but different enough to escape legal restrictions

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Continued use of ecstasy can result in

answer

possible dependence and brain damage

question

One of the unique dangers of PCP is that

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users often attack those around them

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The strength of marijuana's hallucinogenic effects is determined by the amount of ___ it contains.

answer

THC

question

One of the common effects of marijuana use is

answer

reduce attention span

question

which of the following is FALSE regarding marijuana use?

answer

The active ingredient in marijuana, THC, can be detected up to 90 days after use

question

Psychoactive drugs derived from the poppy plant are natural

answer

narcotics

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Which of the following is considered a quasisynthetic narcotic?

answer

heroin

question

A characteristic of major concern when using narcotics is

answer

the rapid development of physical dependence

question

The greatest danger in the use of inhalants is

answer

respiratory and cardiovascular damage

question

Which of the following is NOT included in the class of drugs known as inhalants?

answer

Propoxyphene

question

Psychoactive drugs have the potential for only physical dependence.

answer

False

question

Tolerance is when an individual needs a larger dose of a drug to receive previously felt sensations.

answer

True

question

Dependence is one of the major risk of all psychoactive drugs.

answer

True

question

The term drug abuse cannot be applied to improper use of drug for which you have a prescription.

answer

False

question

There is some connection between personality and susceptibility to drug use.

answer

True

question

A synergistic effect occurs when two or more drugs taken together reduce each other's effects.

answer

False

question

Most stimulants are unlikely to produce strong physical dependence.

answer

True

question

Caffeine, even in moderate amounts, has been proven to cause heart damage.

answer

False

question

Caffeine is capable of inducing physical dependence.

answer

True

question

There is no natural source for amphetamines

answer

True

question

Chronic use of methamphetamine will not produce psychological dependence.

answer

False

question

Cocaine is perhaps the weakest of the stimulant drugs.

answer

False

question

The effect of smoking crack is almost instantaneous.

answer

True

question

Barbiturates and tranquilizers are two common types of depressants.

answer

True

question

In medical use, barbiturates are designed to relax the patient, while tranquilizers are designed to induce sleep.

answer

False

question

The hallucinogen LSD is a derivative of mescaline.

answer

False

question

LSD users do not develop a physical dependence on the drug.

answer

True

question

PCP use is marked by paranoia and aggressive behavior.

answer

True

question

PCP is typically manufactured in home laboratories

answer

True

question

Marijuana produced mild effects like those of stimulants and depressants.

answer

True

question

Marijuana's active ingredient is excreted from the body in a few hours.

answer

False

question

Quaaisynthetic narcotics are created by chemically altering morphine.

answer

True

question

The medicinal use of marijuana is legal in some states.

answer

True

question

Unlike the dependency that can be produced by drugs, process addictions do not generally cause financial, emotional, or social problems.

answer

False

question

Compare the similarities and differences between drug abuse and drug misuse.

answer

Both refer to the inappropriate use of drugs, and both can be damaging to health. Misuse, however, refers to inappropriate medical use of a legal drug, while abuse refers to any use or any drug in a way that damages health.

question

Describe the impact of psychoactive drugs on nervous system function.

answer

Environmental stimuli are collected by various receptor, converted to electrical impulses and conducted to the brain through nerves. The electrical impulses are transmitted between nerve cells by the activity of chemical neurotransmitter. Psychoactive drugs disrupt the activity of the neurotransmitters.

question

Compare the contrast stimulants and depressants.

answer

Stimulants generally increase the activity of the central system and increase such functions as heart rate, blood pressure, and brain activity. Depressants have the opposite effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Stimulants tend to be psychologically addictive but not physically addictive, while depressants are generally both. Both types of drugs can be dangerous and even lethal when abused.

Pharmacology Unit 1b – Flashcards

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