pharmacology respiratory, endocrine, anti-diabetic – Flashcards
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Epinephrine classification
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Bronchodilator
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Epinephrine action
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relaxes bronchial smooth muscles resulting in bronchodilation- and is an antagonist of histamine
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Epinephrine contraindications
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hypersensitivity and dysrhythmias
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Epinephrine use
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treat bronchoconstriction and anaphylactic reaction
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Epinephrine side effects
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angina, arhythmias, anxiety, cerebral hemorrhage, dizziness hemiplegia, tremors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, weakness, n/v
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Epinephrine adverse reactions
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fatal ventricular fibrillation; excessive and/or rapid rise in bp
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Epinephrine nursing implications
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Assess Resp, vs, instruct ADM of inhaler/epipen, rinse mouth after
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/Robitussin DM Classification
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Antitussive
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/ Robitussin DM action
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inhibit cough
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/ Robitussin DM Uses
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suppress cough and reduce viscosity of secretions
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/ Robitussin DM Side effects
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Nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, sedation
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/ Robitussin DM Adverse reactions
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Hallucinations at high doses (Robotrip)
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Dextromethorphan Hydrorbromide/ Robitussin DM Nursing Implications
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Assess Resp, cough, sputum (Coca), caution operating machinery
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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide/ Robitussin DM Contraindications
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COPD, MAOI's, ;12 years old, Chronic productive cough
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl classification
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Antihistamine
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl Contraindications
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Acute asthma attacks, liver disease, lower resp disease, neonates, MAOI's
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl Action
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Blocks Histamine, decrease allergic response
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl Uses
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Treat allergic rhinitis and itching, prevent motion sickness, sleep aid, antitussive
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl side effects
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Drowsiness, urinary retention, blurred vision, hyposensitivity, and dry mouth throat and poop (constipation)
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl adverse reactions
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hemolitic anemia, thrombocytopenia (decrease platelets), agranulocytosis
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Diphenhydramine/ Benadryl nursing implications
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Take with food, CBC, Assess for urinary retension cardiac and resp, caution operating machinery
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Albuterol/ Proventil classification
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Brochodilator
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Albuterol/ proventil Contraindications
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hypersensitivity (allergic reaction), Cardiac dysrhythmias
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Albuterol/ proventil Action
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relaxes bronchial smooth muscles causing bronchdilation
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Albuterol/ proventil uses
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Bronchospasms, asthma, bronchitis, COPD
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Albuterol/ proventil side effects
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Nervousness, tremors, restlessness, insomnia, H/A, N/V, Hypokalemia (low potassium)
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Albuterol/ proventil adverse reactions
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tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, dysrythmias, cardiac arrest, bronchoconstriction
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Albuterol/ proventil Nursing Implications
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Assess Resp, VS, Frequency of attacts, instructions for inhaler
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Monteluskast/ singulair classification
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Bronchodilator leukotriene receptor angonist
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Montelukast/ singulair contra$
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hypersensitivity (allergic reaction)
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Montelukast/ singulair action
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inhibit LTD4 formation
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Montelukast/ singulair uses
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chronic asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis, bronchospasm prophylaxis
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Montelukast/ singulair side effects
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dizzines, fatigue, H/A, Behavior changes, hallucinations, agitation, anxiety, depression, fever, Abd pain, dyspepsia, N/V/D, rash, cough, asthenia (muscle weakness), influenza, nasal congestion
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Montelukast/ singulair adverse reactions
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Suicidal, seizures, anaphylasix, angioedema, Churg Strauss Syndrome (blood vessel inflammation)
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Montelukast/ singulair nursing implications
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assess for Churg Strauss sydrome (blood vessel inflammation), Resp, CBC, rash, behavior changes, suicidal, Adm in PM daily except for exercise induced bronchoconstriction then take 2 hours prior to exercise, Adm granules in mouth or with soft food, Avoid hazardous activity, Do Not take NSAID's with this if asprin sensitive
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Albuterol/ proventil inhaler instructions
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SET P HER Shake Exhale Tight seal with lips Press down on inhaler slow deep breath 3-5 sec Hold breath 10 sec Exhale slowly Rinse mouth and mouth piece
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Fluticasone/ flovent classification
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Glucocoritcoids (antiinflammatory)
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Fluticasone/ flovent contraindication
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Hypersensitivity (allergic reaction), Not Primary treatment in status asthmaticus
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Fluticasone/ flovent action
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Decrease inflammation
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Fluticasone/ flovent uses
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Prevention of chronic asthma, nasal symptoms of seasonal/perennial rhintis, COPD (unlabeled use)
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Fluticasone/ flovent side effects
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H/A, epistaxis (nose bleed), N/V/D, thrush, hypergylcemia, growth retardation in children, adrenal insuff, osteoporosis, joint pain
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Fluticasone/ flovent adverse reactions
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eosinophilic cond, angioedema, Churg Strauss Syndrome (blood vessel inflammation), anaphylaxis
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Fluticasone, flovent nursing implications
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Assess Resp, Pulmonary function, withdrawl symptoms from oral, Adrenal insuff, growth rate in children,Rinse mouth after, avoid smoking, give at 1 min intervals, If bronchodilator (aerosol) is used then wait 5 to 15 min to use fluticasone, Decrease dose 2 to 4 week intervals til lowest effective dose is reached, Prime and clean and dry daily, ;4 yrs old use mask w/spacer
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Levothyroxine sodium/ T3T4 classification
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Thyroid hormone
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Levothyroxine sodium/T3T4 Contraindications
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Adrenal Insuff., MI, Thyrotoxicosis
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Levothyroxine sodium/T3T4 Action
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Increases metabolic rates, cardiac output, 02 consumption, body temp, blood volume, growth, development at cellular level
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Levothyroxine sodium/T3T4 Side effects
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insomnia, tremors, H/A, nervousness, tachycardia, palpitations, angina, dysrhythmias, hypertension, N/V/D, increased/decreased appetite, cramps, menstrual irregularities, weight loss, seating, heat intolerance, fever
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Levothyroxine sodium/T3T4 Adverse reactions
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Thyroid storm, cardiac arrest, NOT FOR Obesity treatment
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Levothyroxine sodium/T3T4 Nursing Implications
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Adm in AM, Only for hormone imbalances-not for obesity, male infertility, menstrual conditions, lethargy. Use lowest dose that relieves symptoms, store airtight no leak container, temp hair loss in children, Report excitability, irritability, chest pain, increased pulse rate, palpitations, excessive sweating, heat intolerance, nervousness, anxiety. hypothyroid child will show immediate behavior changes, No not take withing 4 hours of Iron, Avoid iodine food, iodized salt, soybeans, tofu, turnips, certain seafood and bread. Product does not cure but controls symptoms-Treatment is lifelong.
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) classification
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Antithyroid hormone
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Contraindications
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Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, hypersensitivity (allergic reactions)
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Action
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Inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones by decreasing iodine use
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Use
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Hyperthyroidism, prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy, thyrotoxic crisis
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Levothyroxine sodium/ T3T4 Use
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Hypothyroidism, Hormone replacement
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Side effects
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Drowsiness, H/A, Vertigo, fever, paresthesias, neuritis, enlarged thyroid, N/V/D, loss of taste, vasculitis, rash, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, lupus-like syndrome, myalgia, arthralgia, nocturnal muscle cramps
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Adverse reactions
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Jaundice, hepatitis, nephritis, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypothrombinemia, lymphadenotpathy, bleeding
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) Nursing Implications
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Monitor B/P, temp, I;O, edema, periobits (indicates hypothyroidism), weigh daily, monitor T3T4, TSH, Free thyroxine index. CBC, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, Hypersensitivity, Hypoprothrombinemia (bleeding, petchiae, ecchymosis), Bone marrow suppression (sore throat, fever, fatigue), Adm with Food, Discontinue before RAIU, Instruct to take daily weight with graph of weight/pulse/mood. Report redness, swelling, sore throat, mouth lesions, fever (which indicate dyscrasias). Report periorbital edema, cold intolerance, depression (signs of overdose). Do not stop abruptly or thyroid crisis may occur. Patient response may take several months if thyroid is large. symptoms of inadequate dose are tachycardia, diarrhea, fever, irritability. Take at same time of day, do not skip or double dose.
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Calcitriol classification
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Vitamin D analogue
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Calcitriol action
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increases intestinal labsorption of calcium, provides Calcium for bones, increases renal tubular resorption of phosphate
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Calcitriol use
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Hypocalcemia in chronic renal disease, hyperparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism. Unlabeled uses- Osteopetrosis, osteoporosis, osteoporosis prophylaxis, rickets, familial hypophosphatemia
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Calcitriol Contraindications
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Hypersensitivity, hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia, vit D toxicity
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Calcitriol side effects
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drowsiness, H/A, vertigo, fever, lethargy, hallucinations, palpitations, hypertension, blurred vision, photophobia, N/V/D, jaundice, anorexia, dry mouth, constipation, cramps, metallic taste, polyuria, hypercalciuria, hyperphosphatemia, hematuria, thirst, myalgia, arthralgia, decreased bone development, weakness
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Calcitriol adverse reactions
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anaphylasix
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Calcitriol nursing implications
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Monitor BUN, uninary calcium, PTH, creatinine, chloride, magnesium, electrolytes,
