PH 201 – General Physics I Final Exam Review – Flashcards
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Displacement
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∆x = xf - xi (On a velocity vs. time graph, displacement is equal to the area under the curve.)
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Time Interval
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∆ = tf - ti
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Velocity
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∆x/∆t (On a position vs. time graph, velocity is equal to the slope of the curve.)
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Uniform Motion
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xf = xi + vx*∆t
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Acceleration
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a = ∆v/∆t
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Constant Acceleration (related to projectile motion)
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vxf = vxi + ax*∆t
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Range (related to projectile motion)
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xf = xi + vxi*∆t
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Gravitational Acceleration (of Earth)
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g = 9.80 m/s² (downward)
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Horizontal Acceleration (vector length)
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Ax = A*cosθ
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Vertical Acceleration (vector length)
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Ay = A*sinθ
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Angle of Acceleration (related to projectile motion)
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θ = tan⁻¹(Ay/Ax)
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Acceleration (vector length)
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A = √(Ax² + Ay²)
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Height (related to projectile motion)
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yf = yi + vyi*∆t - ½*g*(∆t)²
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Final Velocity (related to projectile motion)
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vyf = vyi - g*∆t
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Relationship between Initial and Final Horizontal Velocity (related to projectile motion)
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vxf = vxi
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Frequency
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ƒ = 1/T
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Velocity (related to circular motion)
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v = (2πR)/T v = 2πƒR
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Centripetal Acceleration
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a = v²/r a = w²r
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Force
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F = m*a
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Net Force
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Fnet = F₁ + F₂ + F₃ ...
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Normal Force (Weight)
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n = m*g = w
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Static Friction
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ƒs = µs*n
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Kinetic Force
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ƒk = µk*n
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Net Horizontal Force (vector length)
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(Fnet)x = ∑Fx = m*ax
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Net Vertical Force (vector length)
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(Fnet)y = ∑Fy = m*ay
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Gravitational Constant
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G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N*m²/kg²
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Universal Gravitational Force
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F = (G*m₁*m₂)/r²
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Angular Velocity
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w = ∆θ/∆t w = 2πƒ
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Free-fall Acceleration
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g = (G*M)/R²
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Orbital Velocity
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v = √(g*r) v = √(G*M/r)
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Orbital Period
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T² = ([4π²]/[G*M])*r³
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Moment of Inertia
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I = ∑m*r²
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Equilibrium
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∑Fx = 0 and ∑Fy = 0
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Spring Force (Hooke's Law)
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(Fs)x = k*∆x (On a force vs. displacement graph, k is equal to the area under the curve.)
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Impulse
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J = Favg*∆t (On a force vs. time graph, J is equal to the area under the curve; also equal to ½*Fmax*∆t.)
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Momentum
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p = m*v
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Impulse-momentum Theorem
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J = ∆p
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Law of Conservation of Momentum (for an isolated system)
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Pf = Pi
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Work-energy Equation
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∆E = ∆K + ∆Ug + ∆Us + ... = W
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Work
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W = F*d*cosθ
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Kinetic Energy
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K = ½m*v²
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Gravitational Potential Energy
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Ug = m*g*y
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Elastic Potential Energy (of a spring)
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Us = ½k*x²
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Elastic Collision
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(v1x)f = ([m1-m2]/[m1+m2])*(v1x)i v2x)f = ([2*m1])/[m1+m2])*(v1x)i (when object 2 is initially at rest)
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Power
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P = W/t P = ∆E/∆t P = F*v
