question

_____ is a figure of speech that attributes human characteristics to animals, objects, or concepts.

answer

personification

question

The arrangement of words into patterns so that the sound of the words together enhances the meaning of a phrase is called:

answer

rhythm

question

_____ is a figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison of two things using the word like or as.

answer

simile

question

A request that an audience engage in some clearly stated behavior is known as a _____, and is often located at the conclusion of the speech.

answer

call to action

question

Arguments against the speakers own point of view are:

answer

counterarguments

question

A speech whose message attempts to change or reinforce an audience's thoughs, feelings, or actions is:

answer

a persuasive speech.

question

A speech that attempts to explain how things work must convince the audience of the usefulness and accuracy of the information. This kind of speech is:

answer

an informative speech

question

The following is the best example of a persuasive speech:

answer

all of these are persuasive speeches

question

The following is the best example of an informative speech:

answer

a teacher giving a classroom lecture.

question

A question that addresses whether something is true or not is a:

answer

question of fact

question

A question that addresses the best course of action or the best solution to a problem is a:

answer

question of policy

question

A question that addresses the merit or morality of an object, action, or belief is a:

answer

question of value

question

A two-sided message is a strategy that:

answer

all of these

question

A _____ is an argument that seems valid, but it flawed because of unsound evidence or reasoning.

answer

fallacy

question

A(n) _____ is an argument in which a speaker attacks a person rather than that person's arguments.

answer

ad hominem fallacy

question

A(n) _____ is an argument I which a speaker claims that our options are "A or B," when actually more than two options exist.

answer

either-or fallacy

question

A(n) _____ is an argument in which a speaker claims that taking a first step in one direction will lead to inevitable and undesirable further steps.

answer

slippery slope fallacy

question

A(n) _____ introduces irrelevant information into an argument to distract an audience from the real issue.

answer

red herring fallacy

question

A(n) _____ is an argument that something is correct or good simply because everyone else agrees with it or is doing it.

answer

bandwagon fallacy

question

Similarities, shared interests, and mutual perspectives a speaker has with an audience are known as:

answer

common ground

question

An audience's view of a speaker's intelligence, expertise, or knowledge of a subject:

answer

competence

question

An audience's perception of a speaker's competence and character is known as the speaker's _____.

answer

credibility

question

"Which pattern of reasoning is demonstrated in the following?A = B, B = C, therefore A = C. "

answer

deductive reasoning

question

"Which pattern of reasoning is demonstrated in the following?Every FFA member in this room is wearing an FFA jacket. Therefore, all FFA members must have FFA jackets. "

answer

inductive reasoning

question

A listener who needs to hear verbal explanations and descriptions in order to learn well.

answer

auditory listener

question

Local or regional expressions or dialect are known as _____, and can sometimes cause confusion when the audience does not come from the same home as the listener.

answer

colloquialisms

question

A speech that makes it as simple as possible for the audience to process information is known as a(n):

answer

considerate speech

question

A critical listener:

answer

pays close attention to the speech's accuracy and the implication of the speaker's message.

question

Language that respectfully recognizes the differences among the many members of our society is known as:

answer

culturally-inclusive language

question

A(n) _____ substitutes an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.

answer

euphemism

question

A listener who needs to touch, explore, and participate in what is being described is a(n):

answer

experiential listener

question

Language that recognize that both men and women are active participants in the world is:

answer

gender-inclusive language

question

Technical language used by a special group or for a special activitiy:

answer

is all of these.

question

A(n) _____ is considerate and delivered in an oral style.

answer

listenable speech

question

Informal, nonstandard vocabulary is called _____ and should be avoided in formal speeches.

answer

slang

question

A listener who needs to see something in order to understand it is a(n):

answer

visual listener

question

Extra words that pad sentences and claims, but do not add meaning to the speech are called:

answer

verbal clutter

question

A set of statements that allows you to develop your evidence to establish the validity of your claim is a(n):

answer

argument

question

The logical outcome of an argument results from the major and minor premises and is called the:

answer

conclusion

question

An error in reasoning in which a speaker reaches a conclusion without enough evidence to support it is called:

answer

hasty generalization

question

An error in reasoning in which a speaker assumes that one event caused another simply because the first event happened before the second.

answer

false cause

question

Claim in an argument that states a familiar, commonly accepted belief (also called the general principle).

answer

major premise

question

Claim in an argument that states a specific instance linked to the major premise.

answer

minor premise

question

The repetition of a particular sound in a sentence or phrase is referred to as a(n):

answer

alliteration

question

A figure of speech that uses exaggeration in order to emphasize is called:

answer

hyperbole

question

A(n) _____ is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things by describing one thing as being something else.

answer

metaphor

question

Arrangement of related words so that they are balanced, or of related sentences so that they have identical structures, are examples of this writing structure.

answer

parallelism

question

The predisposition to act for or against a person or position is referred to as which of the following?

answer

attitude

question

Most speeches should be prepared for which of the following audiences?

answer

Specific

question

Which of the following patterns of organization would be most suitable for speeches such as "The Events Leading to World War II," "The Development of Language in the Child," and "The Major Steps in Learning to Use a Computer?"

answer

Chronological

question

In both classical and contemporary views of public speaking, primary attention is given to which of the following?

answer

substance or content of the speech

question

A speaker's credibility relates most directly to which of the following?

answer

believability

question

In a speech, a thesis statement should be clear, concise, and easy to remember.

answer

TRUE

question

Thesis statements should be as vague as possible in order to include each and every kind of audience.

answer

FALSE

question

It is important to consider your specific audience when developing the thesis statement for a speech.

answer

TRUE

question

The purpose of the informative speech is to provide interesting, useful, and unique information to your audience.

answer

TRUE

question

The use of humor is always appropriate in public speaking presentations.

answer

FALSE

question

"Read the following exerpt from a speech by Martin Luther King, Jr.:""When you are right you cannot be too radical; when you are wrong, you cannot be too conservative.""Which of the following verbal structure is used?"

answer

parallelism

question

"Read the following slogan from the Pan-American Coffee Bureau:""Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong.""Which of the following figures of speech is used?"

answer

simile

question

"Read the following quote from Shakespeare's As You Like It: ""All the world's a stage,And all the men and women merely players;They have their exits and their entrances;""Which of the following figures of speech is used in this quote?"

answer

metaphor

question

""Read the following slogan of the Wall Street Journal:"The daily diary of the American dream.""Which of the following figures of speech is used?"

answer

alliteration

question

Claiming the words or ideas of another as your own is:

answer

all of these

question

What is the BEST way to establish credibility with your audience?

answer

establish common ground

question

In a speech, a political figure refers to his rival candidate as a "jerk." This is an example of what kind of fallacy?

answer

ad hominem

question

A student is asking a teacher for an extension on a paper's due date. The teacher refuses to allow the extension, saying that "If I make an exception for you then I'll have to make an exception for everyone." What kind of argument is the teacher using?

answer

slippery slope fallacy

question

"Read the following statement:'If we don't provide farmers with low-interest loans, they will go bankrupt.'What kind of fallacious argument is being used?"

answer

either-or fallacy, because the speaker is leaving out other possible alternatives

question

Speaking from a manuscript:

answer

all of these

question

An extemporaneous speech:

answer

is likely to be more dynamic than manuscript speeches.

question

The speech format that is most likely to sound canned, robotic, and lack spontaneous emotion is:

answer

a memorized speech

question

Excellent speakers do not feel nervousness before presentations.

answer

FALSE

question

It is in your audience's best interest for your speech to succeed.

answer

FALSE

question

A statement that summarizes the main point or points which you want to communicate to your audience is a(n):

answer

thesis statement

question

A thesis statement should be specific to the audience it addresses.

answer

TRUE

question

Which of the following is an appropriate way to gain the audience's attention during a speech's introduction?

answer

All of these are effective and appropriate.

question

When selecting a topic for a speech or presentation, a speaker should:

answer

choose a topic with which they have personal experience or expertise.

question

In both classical and contemporary views of public speaking, primary attention is given to which of the following?

answer

Substance of content of the speech

question

A speech divided into the three main divisions of animal, vegetable, and mineral would be best organized according to which of the following patterns?

answer

Topical

question

Speaker credibility refers most closely to which of the following?

answer

Believability

question

In his famous "Liberty or Death" speech, Patrick Henry said: For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at truth, and fulfill the great responsibility, which we hold to God and our country. Should I keep back my opinions at such a time, through fear of giving offense, I should consider myself as guilty of treason towards my country, and of an act of disloyalty toward the Majesty of Heaven, which I revere above all earthly kings.

answer

This excerpt provides an example of Henry's attempt to do which of the following? Establish his credibility

question

The assumption that a person who is competent in one field is also competent in another field is referred to as which of the following?

answer

Halo effect

question

The predisposition to act for or against a person or position is referred to as which of the following?

answer

Attitude

question

Most speeches should be prepared for which of the following audiences?

answer

Specific

question

Which of the following terms is used for the argument that what a person hears last is remembered best and has the greatest effect?

answer

Recency

question

Which of the following patterns of organization would be most suitable for speeches such as "The events leading to World War II," "the development of language in the child," and "the major steps in learning to use a computer"?

answer

Chronological

question

The degree to which the audience members have counterarguments ready to answer an attack on their beliefs, attitudes, and values is referred to as which of the following?

answer

Inoculation

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of effective individual brainstorming

answer

Robin decides to write fancy titles or sentence descriptions of speech possibilities for the next five minutes.

question

Concerning topic selection, your authors suggest that you select topics that you are knowledgeable about. When selecting a topic:

answer

Your knowledge of the topic can come from your own experience and involvement, from turning to other people for information and by turning to other resources.

question

When you narrow your topic, you sould consider

answer

All of the answers

question

Which generalization is most often true concerning audiences?

answer

Voluntary audiences tend to be homogeneous while captive audiences tend to be heterogeneous

question

Which student is considering only the demographic traits of their audience:

answer

Philip is analyzing his audience's distinctions such as names, year in school, and age.

question

Which of the following students have effectively combined audience analysis with ethics:

answer

Mia finds the audience knows very little about her topic, so she changes her approach to be much more basic, covering the key terms but not the complex ones

question

As a speaker, you should use audience analysis to:

answer

All of the answers

question

If you were giving a persuasive speech to an audience who does not support your view, the one thing you would MOST want to learn from your audience analysis would probably be:

answer

Their specific objections to your proposal

question

A good speech topic:

answer

Is adapted, involves your listeners and also interests you.

question

A(n) __________ audience is characterized by many differences among individuals.

answer

Heterogeneous

question

A(n) __________ audience is an audience that has not chosen to hear a particular speaker or speech

answer

Captive

question

A(n) _____ is a predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably to a person, an object, and idea or an event. Examples from your text include "pro-life" or "pro-animal rights."

answer

Attitude

question

You must cite the source of a supporting material when you obtain it from a print medium, however when it is an interview you need not do this because an oral footnote would distract from your audience adaptation.

answer

FALSE

question

When researching materials for your speech, you should:

answer

Use a variety of resource materials to give a more balanced approach to your speech.

question

When giving a speech, speakers must cite sources by:

answer

Using an oral footnote and citing the materials in the written representation of the speech

question

The most correct way to cite an Internet source is:

answer

"According to the June 22, 1999 on-line version of the Chicago Sun Times, Dr. Herald, a doctor at ABC Hospital, says..."

question

When you want to illustrate your point by giving a specific instance of what you are discussing, you should use which of the following types of supporting materials:

answer

Examples

question

To determine if you are using ethical tactics in your speech, your authors suggest you:

answer

All of the answers

question

________ is the "use of someone else's ideas or words, without credit."

answer

Plagiarism

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of a goal for informative speaking:

answer

Patrick will advocate a position on the Reformed Political Party.

question

In an effective speech introduction, all of the following should be included EXCEPT:

answer

A development of your main points with supporting materials.

question

Which of the following is NOT an effective way to gain your audience's attention:

answer

Insult them with a racist joke to prove your point.

question

Which of the following is an example of an effective preview statement:

answer

"Today I will explain first how to reduce your waste, second how to recycle items and third, how to reuse materials

question

The body of the speech:

answer

Expands upon the main points previewed in the preview statement.

question

Arranged in random order below are a main point, two sub-points and two sub-sub-points from a speech outline. Which choice listed is the only "main point."

answer

When writing WebPages you can use a basic HTML writing program or a more advanced software program

question

"Arranged in random order below are a main point, two sub-points and two sub-sub-points from a speech outline. Which are the sub-points? a. One example of a prepackaged software program is Microsoft's FrontPage. b. Advanced software programs are helpful in writing WebPages. c. When writing WebPages you can use a basic HTML writing program or a more advanced software program. d. Another way you might write WebPages would be through learning the actual HTML language codes. e. A second software program which helps you develop a website is Netscape Composer.

answer

Selections b and d

question

"Arranged in random order below are a main point, two sub-points and two sub-sub-points from a speech outline. Which are the sub-sub- points a. One example of a prepackaged software program is Microsoft's FrontPage. b. Advanced software programs are helpful in writing WebPages. c. When writing WebPages you can use a basic HTML writing program or a more advanced software program. d. Another way you might write WebPages would be through learning the actual HTML language codes. e. A second software program which helps you develop a website is Netscape Composer.

answer

Selections a and e

question

When used in a speech introduction all of the following except one illustrate methods of getting the audience's attention. Which is NOT an attention-getting statement?

answer

I have 12 years of teaching experience and I am a parent.

question

Keisha has reduced her final outline down to a smaller version to practice with. This practice outline consists of important words and phrases to help jog her memory when she is giving the speech. The practice outline described here is called a(n):

answer

Key-Word Outline

question

Tawanna is giving a speech on how weather fronts move from the west coast, to the mid-west, and then to the east cost. Her speech follows which of the following organizational patterns:

answer

Spatial/relations

question

Identify the organization pattern that would be best to describe the four major bike paths in Duluth, Minnesota

answer

Spatial/relations

question

A speech describing the path of migration directional path of an animal moving from north to south is best structured using a _______ design.

answer

Spatial/relations

question

You plan to give a speech on the three most popular approaches to quitting smoking. Your most likely choice for a speech design would be

answer

Problem/Solution

question

Effective speech transitions:

answer

Bridge ideas together Connect the body of a speech with the introduction and conclusion Prepare your audience for forthcoming ideas and materials Show how points relate to one another

question

Which of the following is a function of a conclusion?

answer

To summarize the speaker's message

question

The ____ of a speech is its largest portion, in which the speaker places his or her arguments and ideas, substantiation and examples, and proofs and illustrations

answer

Body

question

An ______ is a "written plan that uses symbols, margins, and content to reveal the order, importance, and substance of your speech."

answer

Outline

question

Phrases which indicate where you are in the speech such as, "First, I will illustrate..., " "A second idea is...," "Finally, we will...," "Furthermore, you should consider...", and "In conclusion..." are called ___________.

answer

Signposts

question

A ________ is a formal list of the sources used in your speech

answer

Bibliography Works Cited page Reference Page

question

A preliminary organization of the outline of your speech which you use as your starting point to write your sentence outline from is called a __________ __________ outline.

answer

Rough Draft

question

The best way to arouse audience interest in the subject matter of your speech is to show clearly how the topic relates to them personally.

answer

TRUE

question

One function of an introduction of a persuasive speech is to call the audience to action

answer

FALSE

question

The main idea behind a bibliography is to state a plan of action for the audience to take after the speech.

answer

FALSE

question

Which of the below is a good place to look for information on the internet?

answer

"libraryofcongress.gov"

question

Chose the answer that is most correct: When brainstorming, it's all about:

answer

Quantity not Quality

question

When picking a topic, you should

answer

Analyze then select

question

Which of these is NOT a good resource for an informative speech:

answer

Interviews Books Television Magazines

question

In the introduction of your speech you gain what from your audience?

answer

Attention

question

Testimony, statistics, examples and what are all part of supporting material?

answer

Narratives

question

What are three types of organizational patterns?

answer

Chronological, Topical, and Spatial

question

What is the most common organizational pattern for public speeches?

answer

Topical

question

What is a statement connecting one thought to another?

answer

Transition

question

What are the four major types of supports?

answer

Testimony, statistics, narratives, and examples

question

What are examples of connectives?

answer

Brakelight, sign posts, and transitions

question

What should NOT be in the introduction of a speech?

answer

Subpoints

question

What SHOULD NOT be said in the conclusion?

answer

That's it...

question

What are the three main components of a speech?

answer

Introduction, body, and conclusion

question

Which of the following is used as support material?

answer

Narratives

question

What is the mode of delivery for a spontaneous, informative speech?

answer

Extemporaneous

question

What would be a good number of main points in a speech?

answer

3

question

Which of these would you not find in the introduction?

answer

Brakelight before going to the next section

question

Which of these is a correct definition for signposts?

answer

Ways in which a speaker signals to an audience where the speech is going.

question

Which one is not a vocal aspect of delivering a speech?

answer

Range

question

When do you cite your sources?

answer

In the bibliography Oral Footnote In the text of your speech

question

In the introduction of a speech you need?

answer

Credibility Statement

question

Which one of the following is not an organizational pattern?

answer

Comparison/Abstract Organization

question

A type of visual aid is:

answer

A poster board with information on it A video tape A picture

question

Examples, surveys, and statistics are types of what?

answer

Supporting Materials

question

What one of the following is not a function of an introduction?

answer

Establish your qualifications for speaking on the topic

question

What is the written plan that uses symbols, margins, and content to reveal the order, importance, and substance of your speech?

answer

Body

question

Which of the following is NOT a type of support material?

answer

Inferences

question

Which is the best for topic selection?

answer

Brainstorming

question

What is a good way to gain your audience's attention?

answer

Wear clothes that relate to your speech Start off with sight or sound Present a brief quotation State striking facts or statistics

question

Which visual aid would be a good exhibit in a speech about dogs?

answer

Having the dog in the room during the entire speech so they can monitor its actions

question

The type of organizational pattern associated with categories is?

answer

Topical

question

The key ideas to visual aid being effective are?

answer

Simplicity Visibility Layout

question

When using visual aids you should always:

answer

Keep it simple

question

What is important to have between each main point in a speech?

answer

Transitions

question

What three things may be used to support a main point in an outline?

answer

Story, hard fact, testimony

question

What are the three steps to the writing process?

answer

Prewriting, writing, post writing

question

All of these are vocal aspects of delivery except?

answer

Facial Expressions

question

If your speech is well written, body language is not important.

answer

FALSE

question

If you pass off another person's ideas as your own when writing your speech, you are plagiarizing.

answer

TRUE

question

A phrase or sentence that cannot be understood literally is

answer

an idiom

question

An effective listener uses empathy, which means the listener

answer

understands what the speaker has experienced

question

Listening for facts involves the same techniques as listening for feelings.

answer

FALSE

question

Empathy in listening is the same thing as sympathy.

answer

FALSE

question

Words alone determine the meanings an audience receives from a speaker.

answer

FALSE

question

In public communication, a speaker presents a message to several listeners and receives primarily nonverbal feedback.

answer

TRUE

question

What is the tone of your voice?

answer

the way your message sounds

question

Speaking is the most important communication skill.

answer

FALSE

question

A good listener shows outward signs of interest when another person is speaking.

answer

TRUE

question

A good listener never takes his or her eyes away from the person who is speaking.

answer

FALSE

question

Good listening skills can improve speaking skills

answer

TRUE

question

Authorities generally agree that speaking is the weakest link in oral communication.

answer

TRUE

question

Emphasizing positive aspects in any speaking situation

answer

is good business practice

question

In speaking and writing, the term diction refers to

answer

choice of words

question

When you give an oral presentation without warning, what kind of a presentation are you giving?

answer

impromptu

question

The _____ protects free speech and freedom of the press in the United States.

answer

First Amendment

question

To be effective, a speech must be developed with the listener in mind.

answer

TRUE

question

To make a successful speech, you must do background preparation, develop a draft of your speech, and practice your speech.

answer

TRUE

question

Overlistening allows the listener to retain the major points of a speech.

answer

FALSE

question

Speeches, lectures and presentations, are examples of informal business communications.

answer

FALSE

question

Adding an interesting fact, anecdote, or joke to get the audience's attention are good strategies to use when giving a speech.

answer

TRUE

question

Memorizing a presentation is usually an effective way to prepare for the delivery of an oral presentation.

answer

FALSE

question

In the closing of an oral presentation, you should summarize main points.

answer

TRUE

question

Talking too fast during an oral presentation says nonverbally, "I'm nervous."

answer

TRUE

question

Which of the following would be considered a short oral presentation?

answer

an introduction of a presenter at a social club

question

Which of the following is NOT a common attention-getting technique?

answer

summaries

question

The three main parts of an oral presentation are

answer

an introduction, the body, and the closing

question

The three main parts of the delivery of an oral presentation are

answer

vocal qualities, nonverbal symbols, and visual aids

question

Which of the following should always be part of an introduction of an oral presentation?

answer

a preview

question

During a presentation, a speaker's poise influences his or her credibility with an audience.

answer

TRUE

question

Varying the pitch and speed of your voice makes a presentation more effective.

answer

TRUE

question

An extemporaneous presentation is memorized.

answer

FALSE

question

It is difficult for most people to read a presentation in a natural and interesting way.

answer

TRUE

question

Understanding the demographics of an audience is important when giving a presentation.

answer

TRUE

question

In delivering an oral presentation, the most important consideration is that the

answer

content is accurate

question

Visuals and handouts for an oral presentation should be

answer

appropriately designed and distributed, if used

question

You will make an initial oral presentation to a board of directors of an international company. All members of the board are competent speakers of English as a second language. You should

answer

enunciate precisely and speak more slowly than normal

question

Which is NOT a question you would ask to determine whether your oral presentation requires visual aids?

answer

will visual aids entertain my audience?

question

Analyzing your audience is an important part of planning for an oral presentation.

answer

TRUE

question

The disadvantage of using visuals in an oral presentation is that the audience will spend time looking at the material and less at the speaker.

answer

FALSE

question

Too much rehearsal will rob an oral presentation of spontaneity, which is important for maintaining audience interest.

answer

FALSE

question

A critical listener accepts or rejects the presentation based on the evidence offered.

answer

TRUE

question

Who wrote the FFA Creed?

answer

E.M. Tiffany

question

The first two words in each paragraph of the FFA Creed are:

answer

I believe

question

At what convention was the FFA Creed adopted?

answer

Third

question

How many paragraphs are there in the FFA Creed?

answer

5

question

How many "I Believe's" are there in the FFA Creed?

answer

6

question

How many sentences are there in the FFA Creed?

answer

6

question

At which convention(s) was the FFA Creed Revised?

answer

38th & 63rd

question

What state was FFA Creed auther E.M. Tiffany from?

answer

Wisconson

question

What do the initials E.M. of E.M. Tiffany stand for?

answer

Erwin Milton

question

The 3rd paragraph of the FFA Creed begins with "I believe in..."

answer

leadership from ourselves and respect from others

question

The FFA Creed says, "...to live and work on a good farm is pleasant as well as _________"

answer

Challenging

question

The FFA Creed says, "I believe in leadership from ourselves and

answer

respect from others

question

During what year was the term "farming" in the FFA Creed changed to "agriculture?"

answer

1990

question

During what convention was the term "farming" in the FFA Creed changed to "agriculture?"

answer

63rd

question

In what year was the first National Creed Speaking event held?

answer

1999

question

At what University was creed author E.M. Tiffany a faculty member?

answer

University of Wisconsin - Madison

question

In which publication did the FFA Creed first appear?

answer

The Agricultural Education Magazine

question

In what issue of the National Future Farmer Magazine did the FFA Creed first appear?

answer

Februrary 1929

question

Creed author E.M. Tiffany never attended a National FFA Convention.

answer

TRUE

question

FFA Creed author E. M. Tiffany was never a high school FFA member.

answer

TRUE

question

FFA Creed author E.M. Tiffany was awarded his honorary American FFA Degree.

answer

TRUE

question

FFA Creed author E.M. Tiffany was a high school FFA advisor.

answer

FALSE

question

A new FFA Creed was proposed in 1990 and overwhelmingly rejected by a committee of delegates to the national FFA convention.

answer

TRUE

question

A creed is defined as a set of fundamental beliefs or a guiding principle.

answer

TRUE

question

The original title of E.M. Tiffany's Creed was

answer

the Creed of a Future Farmer

question

The FFA Creed was adopted with a vote of 39 to 16.

answer

TRUE

question

An implicit comparison, not introduced with the word "like" or "as," between two things that are essentially different yet having something in common.

answer

metaphor

question

Reasoning that moves from a general principle to a specific conclusion.

answer

Reasoning from principle

question

The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases or sentences.

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Parallelism

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A questions about the truth or falsity of an assertion.

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Question of fact

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Listening to provide emotional support for the speaker.

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Empathic listening

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The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase.

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denotative meaning

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The pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words.

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rhythm

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A question about the worth, rightness, morality and so forth of an idea or action.

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Question of value

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The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure.

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Antithesis

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A question about whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken.

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Question of policy

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The guidelines for an effective speech of introduction.

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Be brief Make sure your remarks are completely accurate Adapt your remarks to the occasion Adapt your remarks to the main speaker

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Red herring is:

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a fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion

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Alliteration is:

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repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words

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How does evidence affect persuasive speaking?

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it supports materials used to prove or disprove something

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What are the roles of appealing to emotions in persuasive speeches?

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use emotional language develop vivid examples speak with sincerity and conviction none of the answers listed

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What is the number one skill that employers look for?

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communication skills

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What is glossophobia?

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fear of public speaking

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What is one technique you should not use when delivering your speech?

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one tone; one speed

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What should you consider when determining what you want to talk about?

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your interests and your audience

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What should you do when delivering your speech?

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use facial expressions

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Speaker

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agent

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Comparison between two things that says one is the other

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metaphor

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States the speaker's conclusion

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claim

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Fact, value and policy

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Types of claims

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Language that relies on unfounded assumptions, negative descriptions or stereotypes of a given group's age, class, gender, disability, etc.

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biased language

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A speech that a person used over and over again for any occasion.

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canned

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Abraham Maslow set of basic needs ranging from the essential to the self improvement sector.

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hierarchy of needs

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Stress this when giving speeches that are on matters of a more personal note.

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commonality

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A brief tribute to a person or event being celebrated.

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toast

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The techniques of language speakers use to express and color their ideas.

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rhetorical devices

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Warrants that link the claim to the evidence.

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reasoning

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Emotional appeal.

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pathos

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Appeal to listener's need to fulfill their potential.

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self-actualization needs

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Appeal to emotions, stress that proposed change will make people feel better about themselves.

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self-esteem needs

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Audience

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receiver

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Comparison between two things using like or as

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Similie

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Often are a combination of persuasive and informative speeches

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special occasion speech

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Stress this when giving speeches that involve a lot of facts or stats

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expertise

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An argument that audience members should agress with a claim because that ist he way it has always been done. "A marriage should be between a man and women because that is how it has always been."

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appeal to tradition

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Developed by Alan Monroe and split into five steps: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization and call to action.

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Monroe's motivated sequence

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An illustration based on something that actually happened or that really exists.

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factual example

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The position of a human voice on the musical scale

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pitch

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A quality of successful communication achieved when the speaker and audience experience a sense of closeness

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immediacy

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A comparison made between subjects within the same field

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literal analogy

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Criterion for evaluating the correctness of information by checking it against other information

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accuracy

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The part of the introduction that identifies the main points to be developed in the body of the speech and presents an overview of the speech to follow

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preview

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Communication achieved using facial expressions, eye contact, movements and gestures

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body language

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A measure of how much new and important information or understanding a speech conveys to an audience

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informative value

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Search for the value that messages may have for your life, despite their defects

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constructive listening

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A speech of tribute presented upon a person's death

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eulogy

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The audience's assessment of your ethos after you have made a presentation

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terminal credibility

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Believing that you must be perfect to be effective

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setting

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Physical and psychological context in which a speech is presented

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setting

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Technique that encourages the free play of the mind

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brainstorming

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Technical language related to a specific field that may be incomprehensible to a general audience

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jargon

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Assumptions based on incomplete information

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inferences

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Connecting elements used in speeches

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transitions

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A short informative presentation offered in an organizational setting that focuses upon plans, policies or reports

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briefing

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The use of correct sounds and of proper stress on syllables when saying words

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pronunciation

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Holding attention by pointing out a subject's importance or value to vital interests

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relevance

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"1) Attention getter;2) Introduce your topic;3) Establish credibility;4) Preview the main point"

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functions of an introduction

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Be consistent--Color has meaning; ex. Blue/calm, red/exciting

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use of color on a visual aid

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"1) Unusual quotes;2) stories;3) ask a question;4) unusual information;5) humor;6) refer to audience identify;7) refer to the occasion"

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ways to catch attention

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"1) Simplicity;2) Concise word choices;3) Repetition;4) Personal pronouns"

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characteristics that make language easy to follow

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Repeating the first consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse. Example "Around the rock the ragged rascal ran."

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alliteration

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Greek Scholar - oratory - Established the 5 Canons of Rhetoric

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Aristotle

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Establishing a feeling of commonality by finding those things you have in common with your audience

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identification

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Show comparisons in picture form/symbols

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pictogram

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Anything that competes for a listener's attention. May be internal or external.

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listening distractions (noise)

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The ways in which people perceive reality (what you judge to be true and real)

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beliefs

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Are acceptable to show what might happen as long as speaker makes it clear to the audience that the illustration is indeed hypothetical; What you believe the outcome might be.

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hypothetical example

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Trends that change over time

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line graph

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The repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device

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repetition

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A pattern of organization in which the entire body of speech is the telling of a story

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extended narrative

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Individual points of information

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bar graph

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"Pics/Text - Graph minimal amount of info Use to enhance - not as a focal point"

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handout guidelines

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Coloquil expressions specific to a culture

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idioms

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Use for impact only- No "uuhm" or "Uh"

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vocalized pauses

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"1) Manuscript>Speaking from a manuscript;2) Memorization>Oratory not natural too formal and stiff;3) Impromptu>Unpracticed and unprepared improvise;4) Extemporaneous>Practiced and prepared but not memorized"

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4 types of delivery

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Extended metaphor/more detail

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analogy

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Patience and the knowledge that reward is ultimately certain

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What does John D. Rockefeller, Sr. say is the first essential for success in business?

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That makes them vivid and graphic

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In using statistics, avoid presenting them in a boring way. Clothe them in what type of language?

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True

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The first cardinal rule of using visual and audio tools is to check them out in advance.

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The self interests of the audience

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The fifth idea to get attention immediately is to promise to tell the audience how they can get something they want. This type of opener is sure to get attention because it goes straight to what?

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By waves, abrupt start and sudden stops...

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Carnegie says that we do not improve gradually. How do we improve?

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Use it in normal business to communicate effectively

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When Carnegie says that this skill of effective speaking is by no means limited to formal speaking, what does he mean?

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Like building a house, charted, start nowhere to get there

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What is meant by the idea that a "talk is a voyage with a purpose?"

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Organization of ideas, choice of right words, earnestness and enthusiasm used in delivering it

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What types of elements will guarantee the idea's life in the final stage of solution?

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Of purpose between your daily speaking and the type of formal communication discussed

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If you analyze the speaking that you do every day, you will be amazed with what similarity?

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Judge you

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The moment the audience first sees you they

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They have made great progress

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Those who have grit persistence will find what suddenly, almost overnight, without knowing how or why.

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Attention, body, conclusion

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What are the three major phases of the longer talk to get action?

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Confidence

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What must you have first before you can begin developing your conversational skills?

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Talk, types of talk, amount, atmosphere

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What does N. Richard Diller say about what acts as the very life blood of an industrial communication system?

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A Christmas carol

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The second idea to get attention immediately is to arouse suspense. What famous book did Mr. Powell Healy describe in his opening to around suspense?

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Survey items that force the respondent to choose between two answers (yes/no, for/against, pro/con).

answer

two-sided items

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Words or phrases that connect pieces of supporting material to the main point or subpoint they address

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signposts

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Statement about what you want your listeners to know, believe or do

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speech goal

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Brief, often amusing stories

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anecdotes

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To cite information that signals claim

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argue from sign

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Type of drawing to show the whole and its parts

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diagram

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Gradual decline of your anxiety level that begins about one minute into your presentation

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adaptation reaction

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Messages you send about your expertise during the speech

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derived credibility

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Declarative sentence that clearly indicates the position the speaker will advocate in a persuasive speech

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proposition

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Diagram that presents numerical comparisons

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graph

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Convince audience that something is good, bad, desirable, undesirable, moral, immoral, etc.

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proposition of value

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Tendency to remember first and last items conveyed orally in a series than items in between

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primary-recency effect

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Your own study to acquire info that you need

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primary research

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Emotional appeals

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pathos

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Method of informing that explains something by recounting events

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narration method

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Organizing main points of a persuasive speech by the reasons that support the speech goal

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logical reasons order

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Complete sentences that show the relationship between or bridge major parts of a speech

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section transitions

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Overall intent of speech

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general goal

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Viewing a speech as just an opportunity to talk with a number of people about a topic that is important to the speaker and audience

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communication orientation

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Capable of being understood

answer

intelligible

question

The FFA Creed was adopted at the _____ National Convention in _____.

answer

3rd; 1930

question

Which paragraph of the FFA Creed states "...and in the ability of progressive agriculturalists to serve our own and the public interest in producing and marketing the product of our toil."

answer

third

question

In what year was the FFA Creed adopted?

answer

1930

question

Which paragraph of the FFA Creed contains the words "...in less need for charity and more of it when needed?"

answer

4

question

Which paragraph of the creed includes the phrase "with such knowledge and skill as I can secure?"

answer

third

question

When was the FFA Creed last revised?

answer

1990

question

Which paragraph of the creed includes the phrase "I believe that American agriculture can and will hold true to the best traditions of our national life?"

answer

fifth

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