Organic Chemistry Chap. 1 & 2 True and False – Flashcards
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| Resonance structures represent the electronic configurations of molecules in equilibrium with one another. |
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| In writing resonance structure both electrons and nuclei are permitted to be moved. |
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| An atomic orbital is a region of space where the probability of finding an electron is large. |
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| For a given molecule, an anti-bonding molecular orbital is higher energy than a bonding molecular orbital. |
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| The rotation energy barrier associated with a carbon-carbon double bond is usually very large. |
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| For the ammonia molecule, the non-bonding moelcular orbital is higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals. |
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| Constitutional isomers are different compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in their connectivity. |
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| Potassium, with a nuclear charge of +19, is more electronegative than nitrogen, with a nuclear charge of +7. |
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| The formal charge on nitrogen of nitrate anion (NO3-) is -1. |
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| When atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals, the number of molecular orbitals that results always equals the number of atomic orbitals that combine except for molecules which are charged. |
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| In order for a vibration to occur with the absorption of IR energy, the dipole moment of the molecule must change as the vibration occurs. |
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| The frequency of a given stretching vibration in an IR spectrum can be related to (1) the masses of the bonded atoms, and (2) the relative stiffness of the bond. |
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| Dipole-dipole forces are stronger than ion-dipole forces. |
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| The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which equilibrium exists between the well-ordered crystalline state and the more random liquid state. |
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| Acetic acid is lower boiling than ethyl alcohol. |
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| o-Methoxybenzaldehyde is an equilibrium mixture of two constitutional isomers. |
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| The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure of the atmosphere above it. |
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| Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an element to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond. |
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| All carbon-carbon bonds in benzene have bond lengths in between that of a single bond and a double bond. |
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| A dipole moment is a vector; it has both magnitude and direction. |
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| cis-1,2-Dichloroethene has a zero dipole moment. |
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| The carbon bearing the hydroxyl group in isopropyl alchohol is a secondary carbon. |
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| A hydrogen bond is formed by hydrogen acting a bridge between two highly electropositive elements. |
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| Polarizability is a measure of ease of response of electrons in an atom or molecule to a change in electric field. |
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| Methanol (CH3OH) is more soluble in water than 1-pentanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH) because teh C5H11 unit attached to the OH in 1-pentanol is more hydrophilic than the CH3 unit in methanol. |
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| The methyl carbonanion has a tetradhedral shape. |
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| Hydrophobic means incompatible with water. |
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