OCOM Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory I – Flashcards
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Three causative factors came from what dynasty?
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Chen Wu-Ze (Song Dynasty)
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4 Categories of disease causing factors
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Internal External Non-internal/external Pathogenically generated etiological factors
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External Factors of Etiology
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Six qi six climatic factors six exogenous factors six excesses six exterior pathogenic factors six evils
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Six external pathogenic factors
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Wind cold damp dryness fire summer-heat
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EFPs invade the body through
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skin, nose or mouth
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Invasion be Liu Yin
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skin and body hair minute vessels connecting vessels connecting vessels main channels five viscera
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Fundamentals of EFPs
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1. six qi become six evils 2. can invade when zheng qi is low 3. invade through skin, nose and mouth 4. disease related to living conditions and seasonal changes 5. may affect singularly or in combo 6. may transform into each other
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Wind Characteristics
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Spring, Yang, Up and Out Easily invades after sweating or when sleeping Primary EPF in causing disease Opens pores Rapid change/Abrupt onset/migratory symptoms/constant movement
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Wind symptoms
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Rapid change/Abrupt onset/migratory symptoms/constant movement Tremor, spasm, dizziness, vertigo, paralysis, stroke
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Cold Characteristics
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Winter/Yin Consumes Yang Causes contraction and stagnation Impairs opening of pores Spasmodic contraction of tendons
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Damp Characteristics
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Late Summer Heaviness and turbidity Stickiness/viscosity/lingering/stagnation Yin/Impairs yang and obstructs qi Descend/resides in yin areas of body
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Damp Symptoms
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weeping eczema, leukorrhea, turbid urine, stool with mucous, heavy body and joints, sticky tongue coating
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Dryness Characteristics
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Autumn Cold or warm Consumes body fluids Easily damages Lung
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Heat Characteristics
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Fire, Warmth, Summer, Yang Burning, Upward movement Consumes/Burns Yin/Fluids Forces yin up to surface and out- sweating Stirs wind and disturbs blood deprives sinews/vessels of nourishment Speed up circulation
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Heat Symptoms
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High fever, thirst, sweating, mouth ulcers, restlessness, insomnia, mania, rapid pulse, boils
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Summer Heat Characteristics
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Summer, Yang, Extreme heat, upward consumption of body fluids Transformed by fire Heat cooks fluids Qi leaves body via sweat Frequently with dampness
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Summer heat Symptoms
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high fever, restlessness, thirst, profuse sweating, stuffy chest, poor appititte
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Seven emotions
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Joy, anger, worry, sorrow, pensiveness, fear, fright
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Seven emotions characteristics
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Emotions first affect heart/Shen Directly affect organs first affect qi-mechanism of organs Can cause or aggravate illness
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Misc. etiology
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improper diet overstrain, stress lack of exercise traumatic injury of insect of animal bites incorrect medical treatment
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3 aspects of Improper diet
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Overeating and malnutrition Overindulgence in a particular food Intake of unclean food
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3 aspects of overstrain and stress
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Excessive physical labor excessive mental work excessive sexual activity
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Meridians and Collaterals Functions
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1. Transporting Qi and blood and regulating/nourishing yin/yang 2. Resisting pathogens and reflecting signs and symptoms 3. Transmitting needling sensation and regulating deficiency and excess
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Jing-Luo System
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12 primary Meridians 8 extra meridians 12 divergent meridians 15 collaterals Superficial collaterals Minute collaterals 12 sinew/muscle regions 12 cutaneous regions
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Qi Fundamental Ideas
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1. Qi is the most fundamental substance comprising the human being 2. Qi is the most fundamental substance maintaining activities/functions of the human body
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4 Fundamental movements of Qi
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Ascending Descending Entering Exiting
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Six Functions of Qi
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Pushing Warming Defending Holding Transforming Nourishing
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Six main types of Qi (Three Additional)
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Original Gathering Nutritive Defensive Bowel and Viscera Channel and Network (True) (Upright) (Middle)
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Primary Qi Functions
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Rooted in Kidney Spreads to organs and channels via TB Stimulates functions of organs Facilitates transformation of blood Accumulates at source points
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Gathering Qi Functions
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Nourishes and promotes function of the Heart and Lung Respiration Speech Blood Circulation
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True Qi
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Last stage in Qi transformation 2 Aspects Nutritive and Defensive
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Nutritive Qi
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Circulates in the vessels Through channels in order Then to Ren and Du To all organs and Tissues
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Nutritive Qi Functions
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Transforms into and generates blood Nourishes entire body
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Defensive Qi
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Circulates outside vessels 50 times per day Relationship to sleep
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Defensive Qi Functions
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Defending and Protecting Warming Controls opening and closing of pores Regulates sweating
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Organ Qi
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Basic substance comprising/maintaining organs and channels
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Upright Qi
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All Qi that is anti-pathogenic
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Middle Qi
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Qi of the spleen and stomach Transportation and transformation Main qi for lifting
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Blood Fundamental Constitutes
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Water and grain essence Nutritive Qi Essence (and marrow) Body Fluids
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Mechanism of Circulation
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Heart commands vessels Ht qi pumps blood Spleen controls blood and holds blood in vessels Liver stores blood and promotes free flow Lung faces hundred vessels and commands qi
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Blood Functions
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Nourish and moisten body Material foundation for mental activity
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Body Fluids Characteristics
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Normal fluids composed of water contains iterative substances one of the fundamental substances
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Organs involved in fluid circulation
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Spleen/Stomach Lung Kidney Bladder San Jiao Liver Heart
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3 Main types of excretion
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Sweat Urine Stool
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Body Fluid Functions
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Moisten and nourish transform and generate Blood Excretion of metabolic waste Carry qi
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Jin
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Clear, thin, light, watery Moistening Transform into Blood Manifests and sweat, tears, saliva, mucous
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Ye
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Turbid, Dense, Heavy Don't move much Moisten joints Moisten spine, brain, bone marrow
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Heart (Fluid)
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Sweat "Blood and sweat have the same origin
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Lung (Fluid)
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Mucous (snivel) Moistens nose
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Spleen (Fluid)
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Thin Saliva Protects/cleans mouth Assist swallow/digestion
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Liver (Fluid)
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Tears Moisten and protect eyes
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Kidney (Fluid)
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Thick Saliva Moisten and nourish Kidney essence
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Pre-Heaven Jing Formation
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Reproductive essence from mother and father Quality determined by condition of parents at conception and influenced during gestation
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Pre-Heaven Jing Storage
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Kidneys Finite amount Depleted by lifestyle, lines, injury, excessive/abusive relationships
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Pre-Heaven Jing Functions
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Fundamental substance of human body Growth and development of fetus Determines basic constitution, strength, vitality
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Post-Heaven Jing Formation
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Refined and extracted from water and grain
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Post-Heaven Jing Function
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Nourishes all tissues Excess after organs is stored in the Kidneys
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Kidney Jing Formation
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Originates from Pre-Heaven Jing Replenished constantly by Post-Heaven Jing
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Kidney Jing Function
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Growth and development Basis for reproductive function and fertility Generates Marrow Transforms into Blood Forms basis of Kidney Qi Determines constitutional strength and resistance to exterior pathogens
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Shen Meaning
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Narrow: Consciousness, spirit, thinking Broad: Outward appearance of the vital activities of the body
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Shen Functions
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Consciousness, thinking, sleep, intelligence, wisdom, ideas, affection, feelings, senses
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Shen Physiology
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Jing is physiological basis for Shen Blood nourishes Shen Shen resides in the Heart
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Three Treasures
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Jing (root), Qi (nourishes body), Shen (arises from and nourished by Jing and Qi)
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Qi Blood Relationship
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Qi is the commander of Blood Qi generates Blood Qi moves Blood Qi holds Blood
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Blood Qi Relationship
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Blood is the Mother of Qi Blood can generate Qi Blood carries Qi
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Qi/Jing Relationship
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Qi generates Jing Jing transforms into Qi
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Qi/Body Fluids Relationship
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Qi generates Body Fluids Qi moves Body Fluids Qi controls Body Fluids Body fluids generate qi Body fluids "carry" qi
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Blood/Body Fluids
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Blood moves Body Fluids Blood and Body Fluids share same origin (water and grain essence)
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4 Basic Characteristics of Chinese Medicine
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Holism Perpetualism Differentiation of Pattern and determination of treatment Theory, Method, Formula, Herbs
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Holism
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Human is a organic whole Humans and natural world are interconnected
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2 Aspects Human being is an organic whole
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All parts of human are related and interconnected 5 Zang organs form the center of the whole
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Perpetualism
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All things are constantly moving transforming and developing
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Differentiation of Pattern and Determination of Treatment
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Differentiate pattern Determine treatment Apply treatment Observe and assess
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Theory, Method, Formula, Herbs
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Intake Treatment method (based on intake) Formula (according to method) Herbs (dosage)
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Yin Yang construct to:
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Describe phenomenon Categorize phenomenon Analyze phenomenon Understand phenomenon
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4 Aspects of Yin and Yang
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Opposition Interdependence Mutual consumption Inter-Transformation
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Opposition
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Aspect of Yin/Yang Everything has opposites struggle with, control and restrict each other maintain balance
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Interdependence
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Neither can exist in isolation Dependent on each other
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Mutual Consumption
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constant mutual change dynamic balance
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Inter-Transformation
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Yin and yang change into each other Occurs when conditions are right ie severe cold turning to heat
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Wood Characteristics
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Bending Straightening Ascending Reaching Birth and early growth
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Fire Characteristics
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Heat, Warming upwards ascending rapid growth
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Earth Characteristics
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Stability. Center Sow and reap Transformation "Mother of the ten thousand things"
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Water Characteristics
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Moistening downward/descending cold Storage
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Over-controlling
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Overacting element excess Overacted upon element deficient
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Insulting
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Insulting element excessive Insulted element deficient
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Mother's Disease affecting child
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Deficient mother fails to nurture Excess mother transfers excess to child
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Child's disease Affecting Mother
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Usually Child is deficient
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Five Vicera / Zang (Plus one)
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Heart lung Spleen Liver Kidney (Pericardium)
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SIx Bowels / Fu
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Gall Bladder Stomach Small intestine Large Intestine Urinary Bladder Triple Burner
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Extra-Ordiary Bowels / Fu
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Brain Marrow Bones Vessels Gall Bladder Uterus
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Zang / Viscera
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Yin Transform, generate, store Store and do not drain
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Fu / Bowels
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Yang Receive, transform, transmit, excrete Hollow
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Heart Government Seat
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Monarch
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Heart Main Functions
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1. Governs blood and vessels 2. Stores the Shen
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Heart Manifests in
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Face
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Heart Opens to
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Tongue
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Heart Emotion
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Joy
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Heart Fluid
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Sweat
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Heart Stores
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Shen
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Normal circulation depends on
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Sufficient heart-qi Sufficient quantity and good quality blood Unobstructed vessels
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Heart Governs Blood and Vessels
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Circulates blood in the vessels Heart qi is driving force for circulation Transformation of blood occurs in the heart
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Heart Stores Shen
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Heart governs the whole body Shen has overarching effect on bodyHeart commands all mental/emotional function
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Heart Opens to the tongue
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speech Speaking clearly Expressing oneself Sense of taste Connected to heart meridian
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Heart Sweat
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Heart commands blood Blood and body fluids share the same origin
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Pericardium Seat
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Emporer's body guard
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Lung Seat
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Prime Minister
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Lung Main Functions
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1. Governs Qi 2. Regulate water passages 3. Governs diffusing and descending 4. Governs regulation 5. Governs defensive qi and the exterior
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Lung Manifest
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Body hair
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Lung Opens to
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Nose
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Lung Emotion
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Grief
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Lung Fluid
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Snivel
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Lung Body part
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Skin
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Lung Governs qi
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Production and distribution of chest qi Movement of qi begins in lung Faces the 100 vessels Drives respiration
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Lung Regulates water passages
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Diffusing and descending Assists kd/bl with Elimination Upper source of water
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Lung Diffusing and Descending
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Respiration Controlling water passages Qi mechanism
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Lung Governs regulation
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Assists heart circulate blood regulates all physiological activity
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Lung Defensive and exterior
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Diffuses defensive qi to the exterior Warms cou li Controls opening and closing of pores
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Lung Delicate organ
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Inteolerent of heat and cold Easily invaded
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Lung Smell
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Fishy
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Lung color
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White
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Lung Taste
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Pungent
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Lung Climate
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Dryness
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Lung Sound
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Weeping
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Lung Houses
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Corporeal Soul
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Lung Governs
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Voice
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Spleen Government seat
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Grainery Official
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Spleen Main Functions
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1. Governs trans/trans 2. Governs ascending and lifting 3. Controls blood 4. Controls muscles and 4 limbs
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Spleen Manifests
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Lips
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Spleen Opens to
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Mouth
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Spleen Emotion
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Pensioners
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Spleen Fluid
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Thin saliva
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Spleen Body Part
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Flesh/Muscles
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Spleen Governs Trans/trans
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Assists stomach Assist in absorbtion of food and fluid essences Transport food/fluid essence
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Spleen Controls ascending
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governs ascending Ascends the clear Holds up organs
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Spleen Controls Blood
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Holds Blood in the vessels Helps produce Blood
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Spleen Smell
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Fragrant
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Spleen Color
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Yellow
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Spleen Taste
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Sweet
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Spleen Climate
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Dampness
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Spleen Sound
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Singing
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Spleen Stores
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Yi
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Liver Government Seat
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Army General
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Liver Main Functions
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1. Smooth flow of qi 2. Stores blood 3. Controls sinews
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Liver Houses
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Hun
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LIver Manifests
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Nails
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Liver Opens to
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Eyes
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Liver Emotion
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Anger
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LIver Body part
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Sinews
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Liver Smooth flow of qi
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Effect on qi mechanism Effect on emotions Effect on spleen and stomach Effect on gallbladder and bile Effect on menstruation and semen
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Liver Stores Blood
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Regulates blood volume Regulates mensturation
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Hun
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Ethereal Soul Mental/spiritual aspect of liver Nourished by liver blood Inhibition and excitation of mental processes Yang Mental-emotional / physical sensations
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Liver Color
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Blue green
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Liver Taste
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Sour
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Liver Climate
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Wind
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Liver Sound
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Shouting Sighing
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Kidney Government Seat
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Office of labor
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Kidney Main Function
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1. Stores essence 2. Controls Ming men 3. Governs water 4. Governs grasping of qi
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Kidney Houses
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Zhi
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Kidney Manifest in
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Hair
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Kidney Opens to
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Ears 2 lower yin orifaces
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Kidney Fluid
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Thick Saliva
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Kidney Emotion
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Fear
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Kidney Body Part
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Bones
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Kidney Stores Essence
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Governs growth and development Material basis for kd yin and kd yang Foundation of all yin and yang in body Produce marrow, fill brain, control bones
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Ming Men Functions
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Root of Original Qi Source of physiological fire Warms lower burner and Bladder Warms Spleen and Stomach Warms and promotes reproductive function Assists kidney to grasp Assists heart to house Shen
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Kidney Governs Water
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Kidney Yin and yang regulate all organs in fluid metabolism Opening and closing of kidney kidney yang drives steaming of fluids/qi transformation
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Zhi
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Will power Focus Pursue goals Determination Tenacity
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Kidney Smell
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Putrid
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Kidney Color
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Black
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Kidney Taste
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Salty
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Kidney Climate
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Cold
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Kidney Sound
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Groaning
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Stomach Government Seat
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Granary Official
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Stomach Main Functions
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Controls receiving Controls rotting and ripening of food Controls descending
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Small Intestine Government Seat
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Office of filing
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Small Intestine Main functions
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Controls receiving and transformation Controls separation of clear and turbid
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Large Intestine Government Seat
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Office of Passage and Conduction
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Large Intestine Main Functions
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Controls passage and conduction Absorbs fluids and forms and excretes stool
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Gall Bladder Government Seat
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Upright Official
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Gall Bladder Main Functions
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Stores and excretes bile Controls decisivness
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Urinary Bladder Government Seat
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District Capitol
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Urinary Bladder Main Functions
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Stores and excretes urine
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Triple Burner Government Seat
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Irrigation Official
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Triple Burner Main Functions
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Passageway for: Yuan qi Movements of qi Water and grain Body fluids
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Upper Burner Fuction
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Distribution of essences of water and grain to rest of body Mist
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Middle Burner Function
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Trans/trans food and drink Maceration
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Lower Burner Function
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Conducting and excreting stool and urine Ditch
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Bones
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Structural framework House Marrow Governed by kidney
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Marrow
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Produced by Kidney Essence Fills brain spinal cord and bones Nourishes bone and brain Contributes to making blood
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Brain
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Sea of marrow Controls intellegance
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Vessles
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Houses Blood Vehicle for circulation Transport food essence to rest of body
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Uterus
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Regulates menstruation Houses fetus Related to chong ren and kidney
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Heart and Lung
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Heart governs blood Lung governs qi Gathering qi influences/influenced by Fire Metal
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Heart and Spleen
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Production and circulation of Blood Spleen is source of blood heart stores Shen Fire earth
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Heart and Liver
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Blood circulation and volume Heart stores Shen and liver governs free coursing Wood fire
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Heart and Kidney
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Mutual beneficence Mutual supplementation Inter transformation Interaction of Shen and Essence Fire water
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Lung and Spleen
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Production of gathering qi Fluid metabolism Metal earth
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Lung and Liver
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Lung descends on R Liver ascends on L Metal wood
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Lung and Kidney
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Fluid Metabolism Respiration Metal water
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Liver and Spleen
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Digestion and production of blood Blood circulation Wood earth
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Liver and Kidney
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Essence and Blood have same origin Reproductive function Water wood
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Spleen and Kidney
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Pre/post heaven root Fluid metabolism
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Heart and Small Intestine
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Heart warms and nourishes SI Small intestine provides substance for blood
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Lung and Large Intestine
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Lung assists in passage LI assists descending of Lu
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Spleen and Stomach
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Stomach Receiving and Spleen trans/trans Stomach descending and Spleen ascending dryness and dampness
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Liver and Gall Bladder
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Together control free flow Courage and timidity
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Kidney and Urinary Bladder
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Command urine and urination
