Falsea: Galactose as Monosaccharide
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Galactose is a monosaccharide. a. True b. False
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a
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Lactose can be absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the small intestine because it needs no further digestion. a. True b. False
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b
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The disaccharides are long chains of sugar units arranged to form starch or fiber. a. True b. False
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b
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People who make whole grains a habit have lower risks of certain cancers, particularly of the colon. a. True b. False
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a
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Insoluble fiber binds with cholesterol in the large intestine and is excreted in feces. a. True b. False
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b
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White rice is a good source of soluble fiber. a. True b. False
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b
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Digestion of starch begins in the mouth. a. True b. False
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a
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Fructose is converted to glucose in the liver. a. True b. False
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a
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Insulin reduces glucose uptake and storage among fat cells. a. True b. False
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b
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Being overweight is a risk factor for type 1 diabetes. a. True b. False
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b
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Eating regularly timed meals with plenty of protein and whole grains will help reduce symptoms of hypoglycemia. a. True b. False
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a
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Hypoglycemia caused by overuse of insulin or other illnesses will resolve on its own and does not require medical intervention. a. True b. False
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b
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Highly-refined juice beverages have lost virtually all of the beneficial nutrients and phytochemicals of the original fruit. a. True b. False
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a
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggest a limit of about 8 teaspoons of sugar, or almost one soft drink's worth, for a 2,200-calorie eating pattern. a. True b. False
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a
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Most studies that have evaluated the metabolic effects of high-fructose corn syrup and sucrose have concluded that they are virtually identical. Until research proves otherwise, it can be assumed that all common added sugars are similar from the body's point of view. a. True b. False
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a
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Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion? a. lactose b. fructose c. galactose d. glucose e. sucrose
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c
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Which carbohydrate is NOT found in foods from plants? a. fructose b. sucrose c. starch d. cellulose e. glycogen
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e
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Which sugar needs no digestion and can be absorbed directly into the blood? a. fructose b. lactose c. maltose d. sucrose e. disaccharides
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a
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Which part of a grain is especially rich in vitamins and minerals? a. bran b. germ c. husk d. endosperm e. chaff
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b
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How many grams of fiber per day do the Dietary Reference Intakes suggest for an average adult (man or women) under age 50? a. 5 for a woman; 10 for a man b. 35 for a woman; 45 for a man c. 10 for a woman; 20 for a man d. 25 for a woman; 38 for a man e. 28 for a woman; 35 for a man
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d
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Which breakfast would provide the most soluble fiber? a. 2 oz. oat bran cereal with nonfat milk b. 8 oz. yogurt sweetened with honey c. 2 slices French toast (enriched bread) d. 1 cup cream of wheat and 8 oz. orange juice e. 2 slices of whole-wheat toast with fortified margarine
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a
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After chewing a piece of bread for awhile, you begin to experience a slightly sweet taste. This taste results from _____. a. sucrose used in making bread b. an abnormal use of the carbohydrate in bread c. the liberation of maltose from starch d. one of the symptoms of diabetes e. the additives used in "enriched" breads
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c
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Which recommendation would you make to a person with lactose intolerance? a. consuming large quantities of milk b. complete avoidance of all dairy foods c. consuming dairy foods with acidic foods d. choosing yogurt with added milk solids e. choosing yogurt with live cultures
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e
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Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. What is an example of this? a. Insulin stimulates muscles to release glycogen that body cells can use for energy. b. Glucagon decreases the removal of glucose from the blood during stress. c. Epinephrine increases breakdown of liver glycogen to provide glucose in times of danger. d. Insulin reduces glucose uptake and storage among fat cells. e. Glucagon increases removal of glucose from the blood after a meal
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c
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When considering the health impact of diabetes it is important to remember that _____. a. it only affects a small number of people compared to other chronic diseases b. if poorly controlled, it can damage major organs and tissues in the body c. type 2 diabetes is never seen in children so it is not of concern for them d. type 1 diabetes can be prevented by controlling sugar intake in the diet e. it is a rare but deadly disease that requires strict adherence to a medication regimen
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b
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One typical symptom of hypoglycemia is _____. a. high blood sugar b. blurry vision c. rapid heartbeat d. nausea/vomiting e. frequent urination
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c
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What factor is least likely to lead to hypoglycemia? a. overuse of alcohol b. uncontrolled type 2 diabetes c. pancreatic cancer d. excessive insulin administration e. well-controlled type 1 diabetes
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e
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A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised that he should begin a 2100-calorie diet with 45% of the energy coming from carbohydrate. How many grams of carbohydrate would that be? a. 105 b. 135 c. 236 d. 337 e. 945
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c 2100x0.45= 945 945/4= 236
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You are trying to decide which type of food from the fruit group to choose for a snack, and you want to choose the one that has the greatest nutritional value. Your best choice would be _____. a. a "fruit juice drink" b. a whole orange c. honey because it has fewer calories than other sugars d. fruit jam because it has a higher nutrient content from the fruit e. molasses because it is a highly bioavailable source of iron
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b
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What population group is the top sugar consumer, taking in more than a half cup of added sugars in foods and beverages each day, or almost 90 pounds of sugar per year? a. young-adult women b. adolescent boys c. men > 60 years old d. women > 60 years old e. adolescent girls
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b
