Nursing Implications: Administration – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Calcium Channel Blockers
answer
Withhold drug is systolic pressure is less than 90
question
Heparins
answer
activated partial thromboplasin time (APTT) should be maintained at approximately 1.5 to 2.5 times the control or baseline value. Normal control is 25 to 35 seconds.
question
Vitamin K Antagonists
answer
Daily evalution of INR is necessary until stable daily dose is reached. Therapeutic PT value is 1.5 times control.
question
Vitamin K Antagonists
answer
Nurse holds dose if INR is above 3.0 and notifies health care provider
question
Thrombolytics
answer
Check INR, aPTT, platelet count and fibrinogen to establish baseline and to determine whether a blood coagulation disorder is present
question
Thrombolytics
answer
Two or three hours after therapy is started fibrinogen level is measured. Alternatively nurse can check INR or aPTT for increased values.
question
Thrombolytics
answer
During and following administration the nurse monitors BP frequently and ensures that it is well controlled.
question
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
answer
Administration normally takes place in evening or bedtime
question
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
answer
If serum aninotransferases are persistently 3 times upper limit of normal levels, it is necessary to reduce the dose or change the drug
question
Bile Acid Sequestrants
answer
Other drugs should be taken 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after.
question
Bile Acid Sequestrants
answer
Supplementation of fat soluble vitamins may be required.
question
Fibrates
answer
Necessary to give with food to increase drug absorption.
question
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor
answer
Administer at the same time of day, or at night if used in combination with statin.
question
Erythrocyte Hematopoietic Drugs
answer
For patients with chronic renal failure adminster by bolus at end of dialysis.
question
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors
answer
For cancer chemotherapy subcutaneous bolus injection, or IV infusion over 15 to 20 minutes
question
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors
answer
For bone marrow transplantation give by IV infusion over 4 hours or by continuous IV or subcutaneous infusion
question
Salicylates
answer
Should be taken with glass of water or other fluid and with food or just following food.
question
Propionic Acid Derivatives
answer
Should be diluted in a concentration of 4 mg/ml or less using 0.9 sodium choloride, 5% dextrose, or lactated Ringers
question
Oxicam Derivatives
answer
Should be administered with food or fluids to reduce gastric irritation.
question
Oxicam Derivatives
answer
It is necessary to shake oral suspension gently
question
Acetic Acid Derivatives
answer
Administer after meals or with antacid to decrease GI irritation
question
Acetic Acid Derivatives
answer
IV administration requires dilution of 1 mg with 1mL of sterile water or normal saline
question
Acetic Acid Derivatives
answer
It is necessary to administer dose over 5 to 10 seconds.
question
Selective COX-2 Inhibitor
answer
Should be administered 2 hours or before antacids
question
Mitotic Agent
answer
Should be administered with food to reduce gastric distress
question
Uricosuric Agents
answer
Should be administered after meals to ensure absorption
question
Corticosteroids
answer
Entire daily dose can be taken each morning.
question
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibtors
answer
IV preparation should be mixed with 5% dextrose and water or normal saline
question
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibtors
answer
Drug should be taken around the clock to avoid variations in serum peak and trough levels
question
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibtors
answer
Infusion should take place over half hour in neonates and 1 hour in children and adults
question
Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
answer
Patients who experience CNS depression should take at bedtime
question
Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
answer
May take on empty stomach, should take 2 hours after consuming a high-fat meal.
question
Protease Inhibitors
answer
Should be taken within 2 hours of a meal or on full stomach
question
Protease Inhibitors
answer
Patients should have ECG prior to start of therapy and 3-4 days after start of therapy.
question
Fusion Protein Inhibitors
answer
Rotation of injection sites is necessary.
question
CCR5 Antagonists
answer
High-fat food enhances absorption.
question
Second-Generation H1 Receptor Antagonists
answer
Fruit juices may decrease absorption.
question
Indirect-Acting Cholinergics
answer
It is necessary to give drug with food or fluid.
question
Indirect-Acting Cholinergics
answer
Important to administer IV slowly, and have atropine available as an antidote.
question
Dopamine Receptor Agonists
answer
Administered with or just after food to reduce N/V
question
Dopamine Receptor Agonists
answer
Do not give with iron preparations or multivitamin-mineral preparations that contain iron.
question
Dopamine Receptor Agonists
answer
Do not administer with a high protein meal.
question
Mood-Stabilizing Agents
answer
Serum drug levels should not exceed 1.5 mEq/L because of serious drug toxicity.
question
Biguanides
answer
Drug should be taken with meals.
question
Inotropes (Cardiac Glycosides)
answer
Therapeutic serum level is 0.8-2.0 ng/mL
question
Inotropes (Cardiac Glycosides)
answer
Apical pulse should be taken before administration. If rate is less than 60 (adults), 70 (older children), 100 (younger children), the dose is omitted and provider notified.
question
Ace Inhibitors
answer
Should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
question
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
answer
Nurse assesses kidney and liver function tests, as well as serum electrolyte levels, particularly potassium.
question
Class I Sodium Channel Blockers
answer
IV prep will have 800 mg in 50 mL of 5% dextros
question
Class I Sodium Channel Blockers
answer
IV solution is injected slowly at rate of 1 mL a minute
question
Class I Sodium Channel Blockers
answer
Is not compatible with furosemide in IV preperation
question
Class 1B Sodium Channel Blockers
answer
Give IV bolus over 2 min
question
Loop Diuretics
answer
IV injections are given over 1-2 minutes
question
Loop Diuretics
answer
Continuous IV infusions are given at a rate of 4 mg/min or less
question
Loop Diuretics
answer
It is necessary to mix drug with normal saline or lactate Ringer's
question
Aminoglycosides
answer
With conventional dosing peak levels should be taken 30 minutes after IV or 1 hour after IM
question
Aminoglycosides
answer
With ODA take level 12 hours after start of infusion
question
Aminoglycosides
answer
Administer penacillin-class agent 1 hour before or after drug.
question
Iminostilbenes
answer
Drug should not be administered within 14 days of MAO inhibitor
question
Iminostilbenes
answer
Suspension should not be mixed with other liquid medications.
question
Iminostilbenes
answer
Medication should be taken with food to reduce GI upset.
question
Tetracyclines
answer
Medication should be taken on empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals)
question
Tetracyclines
answer
Do not take with dairy products, antacids or iron supplements.
question
Tetracyclines
answer
If patient has consumed dairy or antacids, withold drug for 2 hours.
question
Macrolides
answer
Drink 6-8 ounces of water when taking medication
question
Macrolides
answer
Should not be taken after taking antacids
question
Macrolides
answer
Drug should be infused over 30-60 minutes
question
Penicillins
answer
Give drug on empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meal)
question
Cephalosporins
answer
Oral formulations can be administered with food or milk to minimize adverse effects
question
Carbapenems
answer
Avoid administering to patients with life-threatening allergic reactions to penicillin
question
Carbapenems
answer
IM administration is not recommended for people with severe or life-threatening infections such as endocarditis shock, or spticemia.
question
Carbapenems
answer
Lidocaine is added to IM injection to decrease pain.
question
Thyroid drugs
answer
Drug should be taken in morning on and empty stomach.
question
Thyroid drugs
answer
If PR prior to administering drug is >100, notify the prescriber
question
Proton Pump Inhibitors
answer
Should be administered before food intake.
question
Atypical Antipsychotics
answer
If drug is discontinued it must be tapered over 2 weeks. Monitor for acute psychosis during this period.
question
Reversible Indirect-Acting Cholinergics
answer
Should be taken at bed time.
question
Typical Antipsychotics
answer
Oral administration should be given with full glass of water or milk.
question
Typical Antipsychotics
answer
IM administration of long acting form requires deep IM in ventrogluteal muscle.
question
Typical Antipsychotics
answer
When discontinuation of drug is required, drug must be tapered.
question
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
answer
Withhold if HR is less than 50 and notify provider.
question
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
answer
Take oral forms with meals.
question
Fluroquinolones
answer
Give IV infusion over at least 1 hour.
question
Fluroquinolones
answer
Enteral feedings may affect concentration. Give tube feedings 1 hour before and 2 hours after administering the drug.
question
Rifamycins
answer
Drug should be taken on empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal. May take with meal or large glass of water if not tolerated.
question
Rifamycins
answer
Final concentration of IV preparation should not exceed 6 mg/mL
question
Isoniazid
answer
Drug should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal, with a full glass of water. May be taken with food if it causes GI upset.
question
Isoniazid
answer
If given IM it is necessary to rotate injection site.
question
Biphosphonates
answer
Hypocalcemic patients require correction of low serum calcium levels before beginning therapy.
question
Biphosphonates
answer
Drug should be taken at least 30 minutes before breakfast and before taking other drugs.
question
Biphosphonates
answer
Patient must remain upright (head of bed elevated 90 degrees, sitting in chair, or standing) for at least 30 minutes after administration.
question
Selective Serotonin Reputake Inhibitors
answer
Typically taken once daily in morning to prevent interference with sleep.
question
Selective Serotonin Reputake Inhibitors
answer
Drug may be taken with food to prevent GI upset.
question
5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors
answer
Pregnant caregivers, nurses or pharmacists should not handle crushed drug.
question
Sulfonamides
answer
Take drug before or after meals with 8oz water
question
Sulfonamides
answer
Store drug in a light resistant container at 59-86 degrees F (15-30 degrees C).
question
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Structural Analogs
answer
Drug may be taken with food to relieve GI upset.
question
Serotonin Receptor Antagonists
answer
Use of drug may mask a progressive ileus and gastric distension following abdominal surgery.
question
Sulfonylureas
answer
Drug should be taken before breakfast or in divided doses before meals if patient experiences gastric distress.
question
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
answer
Should be taken once daily with or without food.
question
Azoles
answer
Drug should never be mixed with any other medications
question
Azoles
answer
Continuous administration occurs at a maximum rate or 200 mg per hour.
question
Azoles
answer
Administer with food to decrease gastric upset.
question
Thiazide Diuretics
answer
Monitoring for transient or irreversible hearing impairment, tinnitus, or dizziness is important.
question
Loop Diuretics
answer
Patient should be monitored for diminished hearing, a sign of ototoxicity.
question
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
answer
Drug should be administered at the same time each day, preferably in the morning.
question
Tricyclic Antidepressants
answer
Drug should be taken at bedtime to aid sleep and decrease daytime sedation.
question
Purine Analougues
answer
It is necessary to infuse parenteral form over 1 hour to prevent renal damage.
question
Purine Analougues
answer
Nurse ensures patient is well hydrated with 2-3 L of fluid per 24 hours.
question
Antithyroid Drugs
answer
Drug can be taken with or without food, but it must remain consistent.
question
Antithyroid Drugs
answer
Drug should be taken around the clock in evenly divided doses.
question
Benzodiazepines
answer
Overdose is reversed with Flumazenil
question
Benzodiazepines
answer
Administer IV form undiluted at a rate of 5 mg/min
question
Adrenergics
answer
Drug should be used before other inhalants, and 5 minutes shall elapse before using additional inhalants.
question
Adrenergics
answer
Drug should be used as needed due to decreased effectiveness with overuse.
question
Anticholinergics
answer
Drug can be mixed in nebulizer with albuterol or metaproterenol if mixture is used within 1 hour.
question
Xanthines
answer
It is necessary to monitor serum drug levels (therapeutic levels 5-15 mcg/mL)
question
Xanthines
answer
Drug should be taken before meals with a full glass of water, at regular intervals around the clock.
question
Xanthines
answer
Crushing of sustained release tablets causes immediate release of potentially toxic doses.
question
Inhaled Corticosteroids
answer
After inhalation patient should rinse mouth and throat to prevent fungal infection.
question
Gastrointestinal Anticholinergics
answer
Patient must void before administration of drug.
question
Centrally Acting Anticholinergics
answer
Patient must void before administration of drug.
question
Centrally Acting Anticholinergics
answer
If GI upset is present administer with food.
question
Centrally Acting Anticholinergics
answer
Drug may be taken with meals in presence of dry mouth and after meals if drooling or nausea occurs.
question
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors
answer
It is necessary to administer the drug with carpidopa/levidopa. Addition of the drug may require a decrease in the levodopa usage.
question
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors
answer
Abrupt withdrawal of tocapone can lead to serious complication Tapering of drug over 2 weeks is necessary.
question
Direct-Acting Cholinergics
answer
Administration should occur 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
question
Beta-Blocking Opthalmics
answer
When administering more than one opthalmic medication, wait 10 minutes between each medication.
question
Beta-Blocking Opthalmics
answer
Always invert bottle and shake before use.
question
Beta-Blocking Opthalmics
answer
Patients who wear contact lens should wait at least 15 minutes before reinsertion.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New