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Define Nursing

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Protection, promotion, & optimization of health and abilities; Prevention of illness & injury; Alleviation of suffering through diagnoses & treatment; Advocacy in care of individuals, families, communities, & populations

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Define Nursing (short version)

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protection, promotion, optimization, prevention, alleviation, & advocacy

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How did Florence Nightingale see the role of the nurse in the early 1800's

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being in charge of a patient's health based on the knowledge of how to put the body in such a state as to be free of disease or to recover from disease.

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Founder of the American Red Cross

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Clara Barton {Cross/Clara}

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Opened the Henry Street Settlement focused on the health needs of the poor

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Lillian Wald & Mary Brewster {only choice with 2 people}

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Initially founded the Nurses' Associated Alumnae, which later became the ANA

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Isabel Hampton Robb {ANA Robb}

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First professionally trained African-American nurse

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Mary Mahoney {M&M's are chocolate)

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What are the external forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century?

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Demographic changes, human rights movement, medically underserved, threat of Bioterrorism

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Examples of the demographic, external forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century?

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rural areas to urban centers, increased life span, higher incidences of chronic long term illness, increased coincidence of alcoholism and lung cancer

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Examples of the human rights movement, external forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century

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minorities, terminal illness, pregnant women, older adults

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Examples of the medically underserved, external forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century

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poor and on Medicaid, working poor, mentally ill with little to no access to health care

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Examples of the bioterrorism, external forces that have affected nursing practice in the 21st century

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nuclear, chemical, or biological

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Identify a challenge to our nursing practice today

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rising health care costs - challenge is to use health care and patient resources wisely

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What are the 5 primary characteristics of a profession?

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1-requires an extended education & a basic liberal foundation 2-has a theoretical body of knowledge leading to defined skills, abilities, & norms 3-provides a specific service 4-has autonomy in decision making and practice 5-has a code of ethics for practice

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What are the ANA standards of practice?

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1-Assessment 2-Diagnosis 3-Outcome Identification 4-Planning 5-Implementation 6-Evaluation {ADOIPIE order sounds like a doughy pie}

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Identify the ANA Standards of Professional Performance

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Ethics, Education, Evidence Based Practice & Research, Quality of practice, Communication, Leadership, Collaboration, Professional practice evaluation, Resource utilization, Environmentally safe

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Describe Nursing's code of ethics

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the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use to provide care to your patients.

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a 2 year program focusing on basic sciences and theoretical and clinical courses

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Associate degree

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a 4 year program that includes social sciences, arts, and humanities

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Baccalaureate degree

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Emphasizes research based clinical practice

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Master's degree

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Emphasizes basic research & theory

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Doctor of Philosophy

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A practice-focused doctorate

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Doctor of Nursing Practice

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Instruction or training provided by agencies

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In-service education

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Formal, organized, eductional programs offered by various institutions

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Continuing education

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What is the purpose of Nurse Practice Acts?

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to regulate the scope of nursing practice & protect public health, safety, & welfare.

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According to Benner, an expert nurse goes through 5 levels of proficiency. They are...

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1-Novice 2-Advanced beginner 3-Competent 4-Proficient 5-Expert

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Professional respons/roles: investigates problems to improve nursing care and to exapand the scope of nursing practice

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Nurse researcher {research/investigate}

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Professional respons/roles: independent nursing interventions that the nurse initiates without medical orders

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Autonomy {2 o's - on your own - no medical order needed}

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Professional respons/roles: Is central to the nurse - patient relationship

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Communication {central/communication both c's)

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Professional respons/roles: helps the patient maintain and regain health, manage disease & symptoms, & attain a maximum level of function & independence

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Caregiver

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Professional respons/roles: manages patient care & the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency

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Nurse Administrator {manages}

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Professional respons/roles: has personnel, policy, & budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit

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Manager {specific unit}

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Professional respons/roles: explains, demonstrates, reinforces, and evaluates the patient's progress in learning

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Educator {key word learning}

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Professional respons/roles: works primarily in schools of nursing and staff development

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Nurse educator

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Professional respons/roles: expert clinician in a specialized area of practice

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CNS: Clinical Nurse Specialist

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Professional respons/roles: involves the independent care for women in normal pregnancy, labor, & delivery and care of newborns

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CNM: Certified Nurse Midwife

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Professional respons/roles: detects and manages self-limiting acute and chronic stable medical conditions

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Nurse Practitioner

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Professional respons/roles: provides surgical anesthesia

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CRNA: Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

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Professional respons/roles: Four core roles: Cert. nurse midwife, Cert. nurse practitioner, Clinical nurse specialist, & Cert. registered nurse anesthetist

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APRN: Advanced practice registered nurse

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Professional respons/roles: protects patients' human & legal rights & provides assistance in asserting these rights

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Advocate

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Identify the competencies of the QSEN initiative:

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1-patient centered care 2-teamwork & collaboration 3-evidence based practice 4-quality improvement 5-safety 6-informatics

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Define the term genomics

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the study of all genes in a person, as well as interactions of those genes with each other and with that person's environment

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The factor that best advanced the practice of nursing in the 21st century was:

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better education of nurses. Rationale: Nursing is a combo of knowledge from the physical sciences, humanities, & social sciences along with clinical competencies.

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Graduate nurses must pass a licensure examination administered by the :

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State Boards of Nursing. Rationale: Candidates are eligible to take the NCLEX-RN to become registered nurses in the state in which they will practice.

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A group that lobbies at the state and federal levels for advancement of nurses' role, economic interests, & health care is the:

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ANA: Rationale:The ANA's purpose is to improve the professional development & general welfare of nurses.

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PPS

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Prospective Payment System - eliminated cost-based reimbursement

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DRG's

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Diagnosis-related groups - hospitals recieve a set dollar amount based on an assigned group

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Capitation

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providers receive a fixed amount per patient

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RUGs

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Resource utilization groups - used in long term care

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Managed Care

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administrative control over primary health care services for a defined patient population

Nursing 1 Quiz #1 – Flashcards

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