NFS Exam 2 Focus on Alc. – Flashcards
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Which molecule is found in alcoholic beverages?
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ethanol
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An average drink contains ______________ grams of alcohol.
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12-14
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Which statement about alcohol absorption is incorrect? Most alcohol absorption occurs in the stomach. b Food in the stomach slows alcohol absorption by slowing stomach emptying. c Food in the stomach slows alcohol absorption by reducing the amount of alcohol in direct contact with the stomach wall. d Alcohol absorption is rapid so its effects are almost immediate
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Most alcohol absorption occurs in the stomach.
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Peak blood concentrations of alcohol are achieved ______________ after ingestion.
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1 hour
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All of these factors will decrease peak blood concentrations of alcohol except weighing more. b being male. c using carbonated mixers. d having food in the stomach.
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using carbonated mixers.
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Alcohol is given metabolic priority because it is
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a toxin.
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Breathalyzer tests measure
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alcohol that is eliminated via the lungs during exhalation.
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Alcohol dehydrogenase converts alcohol to
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acetaldehyde.
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The metabolism of alcohol by ADH results in all of the following except the production of acetyl CoA. b a build up of NADH. c the speeding up of the citric acid cycle. d The synthesis of fatty acids and their accumulation in the liver.
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the speeding up of the citric acid cycle.
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Which statement about the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) is incorrect? The MEOS is particularly important when larger amounts of alcohol are consumed. b The MEOS requires the input of energy. c The MEOS produces reactive oxygen molecules that can contribute to liver disease. d the rate at which the MEOS breaks down alcohol is fairly constant.
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the rate at which the MEOS breaks down alcohol is fairly constant.
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Mucosal injury and colon cancer are contributed to by
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acetaldehyde formed by bacteria in the colon
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Alcohol can cause permanent damage a during the development of the fetus during pregnancy. b to the brain during childhood. c to learning and memory during adolescence. d all of these statements are true.
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all of these statements are true.
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Alcohol provides ______________ kcal/gm.
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7
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Binge drinking for a male is when ______________ or more drinks are consumed on a single occasion.
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5
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Blackout drinking is
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drinking enough alcohol to cause memory loss.
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When alcohol concentrations impair functioning, the first effects are on
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reasoning.
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Alcohol dehydrogenase converts alcohol to
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acetaldehyde
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Approximately ______________% of traffic fatalities involve alcohol.
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30
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Alcoholism is influenced by all of the following except a age when drinking starts. b genetics. c environment. d type of alcohol consumed.
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type of alcohol consumed.
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Which statement about the nutritional impact of alcohol is correct? a Alcohol provides few Kcalories, so its consumption may lead people to be deficient in energy. b Alcohol contains B vitamins, so it is an acceptable substitute for grain products. c As the percent of Kcalories from alcohol increases, the risk of deficiency increases. d Alcohol is typically substituted for fat in the diet.
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As the percent of Kcalories from alcohol increases, the risk of nutrient deficiency increases.
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Alcohol impairs absorption by causing inflammation of which of the following? a stomach b intestine c pancreas d all of these choices are correct
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all of these choices are correct
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The first phase of alcoholic liver disease is
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fatty liver.
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Which of the following statements about alcohol consumption and malnutrition is false? a Alcohol contributes to malnutrition because it adds calories to the diet but few nutrients. b Alcohol contributes to malnutrition by reducing the absorption of nutrients c Alcohol consumption causes weight loss d Alcohol contributes to malnutrition by altering the storage, metabolism, and excretion of some nutrients
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Alcohol consumption causes weight loss
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The most significant physiological effects of alcohol consumption occur in the
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liver
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Inflammation of the liver caused by alcohol consumption is called
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alcoholic hepatitis.
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Moderate drinking is ______________ drink(s) a day for women.
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1
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Studies show that light to moderate drinking
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reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke.
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The beneficial effects of alcohol include all of the following except increasing HDL cholesterol. b increasing triglycerides. c decreasing LDL cholesterol oxidation. d decreasing platelet aggregation.
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increasing triglycerides
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In addition to the beneficial effects of alcohol, red wine contains ______________ which add to the benefit.
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phenols
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Which of the following statements is correct? Cold showers can speed up the rate at which alcohol is metabolized. b Once alcohol is consumed, the rate at which it is metabolized cannot be accelerated. c Black coffee can help someone who is drunk sober up. d Walking is the only way to speed up the elimination of alcohol.
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Once alcohol is consumed, the rate at which it is metabolized cannot be accelerated.
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In what part of the body is a majority of alcohol absorbed?
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Small intestine
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Alcoholic hepatitis can affect ______________ function in the body.
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liver
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Which of the following is a physiological effect of chronic alcohol consumption? a fatty liver b alcoholic hepatitis c cirrhosis d all of these choices
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all of these choices
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When alcohol intake exceeds the liver's ability to breakdown alcohol, what happens to the excess alcohol?
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The excess alcohol accumulates in the bloodstream.
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Which of the following alcoholic beverages is the correct amount of one average drink?
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12 oz. beer
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What is true regarding chronic excessive alcohol consumption?
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Nutrient-dense energy sources in the diet are replaced by alcohol.
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What can be done to reduce the chances of becoming intoxicated if you are drinking alcoholic beverages?
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Alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.
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Which of the following hypotheses explains why women become more intoxicated after consuming less alcohol than men?
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Women have lower activities of the stomach enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.
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How might light to moderate alcohol consumption reduce mortality?
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It can reduce the risk for heart disease.
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The most physiologic effects of alcohol occurs on which of the following organs?
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Liver
