MOD 170 Unit 3 Theory Study Guide – Flashcards
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Typical treatment for hypothyroidism involves the daily use of synthetic thyroid hormones, called ____________
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levothyroxine
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_______ is a rare, life-threatening condition that is a result of long-term, untreated hypothyroidism.
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Mixedema
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The gastrointestinal mucosa produces: a) secretin b) cholecystokinin c) gastrin d) all of the above *
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d) all of the above *
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The condition of having an excessive amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood is called ________
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hyperglicemia
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The thyroid has _____ lobes
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2
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______________________ controls skin pigmentation in the epidermis
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Melanocyte-stimulating hormones
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The following is true about patients with diabetes, EXCEPT: a) they may not be allowed to drive a school bus b) they may face certain occupation restriction, depending on the state in which they live c) they may need assistance from a medical assistant with record maintenance d) they are prohibited from working in the public sector
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d) they are prohibited from working in the public sector
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If hypothyroidism goes untreated, there is an associated risk of ________ due to high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL or bad cholesterol)
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heart risk
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The primary glands of the endocrine system are, EXCEPT: a) pituitary b) thyroid c) parathyroid d) tonsils
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d) tonsils
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The classic symptoms of diabetes are, EXCEPT: a) frequent urination b) excessive thirst c) excessive hunger d) weight gain
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d) weight gain
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The most common form of diabetes is _____________________________
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non-insulin-dependetn diabetes mellitus
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Hormones are the chemical transmitters that provide regulation for all of the following : a) mood b) growth c) development d) all of the above **
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d) all of the above **
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The pyloric are between the ____ and the small intestine secretes the hormone gastrin.
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stomach
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Cortisol is the principal ______ secreted by the cortex
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steroid
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Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is responsible for _____ syndrome, as regulated by the sympathetic nervous system
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flight-or-fight
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The 3 type of cells making up the islets of Langerhans are, EXCEPT: a) alpha b) beta c) delta d) epsilon
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d) epsilon
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___________ are essential for growth and development of bones, muscle and other organs
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Growth hormones
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____________________ affects the growth of ovarian follicles and eggs in females and the production of sperm in males.
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Luteinizing hormones
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Addison's disease can occur at any age, including infancy, and is equally prevalent in men and women. It is rare, occurring in one in _______ Americans
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100,000
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Each adrenal gland is a ________-shaped and consists of an outer portion (cortex) and an inner portion (medulla)
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triangle
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Complications of hypothyroidism include all of the following, EXCEPT: a) mood changes b) decreed sexual desire c) slowed mental functioning d) increased concentration
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d) increased concentration
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_________ is responsible for the maturation process in the ovarian follicles and for stimulating the development of the corpus luteum in a female
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Luteinizing
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The signs of Cushing's syndrome are, EXCEPT: a) weight gain b) skin changes c) fatigue d) weight loss
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d) weight loss
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_____ diabetes is ideally treated with diet and exercise, along with the administration of oral hypoglycemic medication to help control the blood sugar levels
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Type 2
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The 3 types of diabetes, EXCEPT: a) IDDM b) gestational c) NIDDM c) type 4
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c) type 4
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A normal fasting blood glucose level is ________ mg/dl
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below 100
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The thymus gland is actually composed of lymphoid tissue and is located in the mediastinal cavity, in front of and above the _______
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heart
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Thyroid supplementation is a ________ therapy
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lifelong
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A disorder resulting from hyper secretion of T3 and T4 is, EXCEPT: a) Graves disease b) Exophtalmic goiter c) Toxic goiter d) cancer
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d) cancer
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Graves disease is the _________ of hyperthyroidism
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most common form
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Present during pregnancy, the _____ produces chorionic gonadotropin hormones, estrogen and progesteron
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placenta
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The thymus function as an endocrine gland but is also part of the _________ system
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lymphatic
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Most of the structures and glands of the endocrine system develop during the first ______ months of pregnancy
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3
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_____ secretes T3 , T4 and calcitonin
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Thyroid
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Hypersecretion of the parathyroid glands may result in hyperparathyroidism, which can result on the following, EXCEPT: a) osteoporosis b) kidney stones c) hypercalcemia d) gall bladder disease
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d) gall bladder disease
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An age-related change that may affect an older adult is, EXCEPT: a) development of insulin resistance b) decrease in estrogen production c) increase risk of heart disease and osteoporosis d) increase response to hormones
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d) increase response to hormones
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Aldosterone is essencial for regulating electrolytes and ________ balance by promoting sodium and chloride retention and potassium excretion
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water
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____________ is also known as type 1 diabetes
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Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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_____ disease occurs when he cortex of the adrenal gland is damaged, decreasing the production of adrenocortical hormones
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Addison's
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The hypothalamus connects the endocrine and the _________ system
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nervous
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Hormones are chemical transmitters that regulate the following, EXCEPT: a) sexual function in males and females b) metabolism c) tissue function d) sexual function in females only
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d) sexual function in females only
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The testes are located in the male scrotum and produce male hormone ________, which is essential for normal growth and development of the male accessory sex organ
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testosterone
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The adrenal glands are located on the ______ of each kidney
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top
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Androgens are hormones that promote the development of ________ characteristics
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male
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Insuline is a _____ that lowers blood sugar by allowing the body's cells to absorb glucose from the blood
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hormone
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Achondroplasia is the most common type of short-limb dwarfism, occurring in 1 in _______ children, with both sexes at equal risk
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25,000
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A sign or symptom of Addison's disease are, EXCEPT: a) loss of apetite b) chronic nausea c) mouth lesion d) weight gain
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d) weight gain
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_______________ influence(s) cellular energy production, protein synthesis, and repair of damaged tissue, in addition to being essential for the maintenance and regulation of the basal metabolic rate.
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tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
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The _______ produce estrogen and progesterone
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ovaries
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The symptoms of elevated thyroid levels are, EXCEPT: a) nervousness b) heart palpitation c) frequent bowel movements d) weight gain
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d) weight gain
