question

Which of the following statements about the origins of management is true?

answer

Management as a field of study is only about 125 years old.

question

How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations?

answer

Low-paid, unskilled workers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisans.

question

Prior to the introduction of ____, five workers each given an identical task could use five different methods to perform the task with some methods being significantly more efficient than others.

answer

Scientific management.

question

____ occurs when workers deliberately slow down their pace or restrict their work outputs.

answer

Soldiering.

question

Frederick Taylor is famous for____.

answer

Creating the principles of scientific management.

question

Prior to the development of scientific management principles, workers whose work pace was significantly faster than the normal pace in their work group were known as ____ and were often unpopular with their fellow workers.

answer

Rate busters.

question

The goal of scientific management was to____.

answer

Find the one best way to perform each task.

question

Which of the following is NOT part of the principles of scientific management?

answer

Use group dynamics to ensure organizational goals are met.

question

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are important to management because they ____.

answer

Used motion studies to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from the work process.

question

During World War I, battlefield surgery was crude. Which of the following management theorists would most likely have used their understanding of how work is done to help surgeons eliminate unnecessary motions, operate more efficiently, and save more lives by closely studying how surgeries were performed?

answer

Frank Gilbreth.

question

Which management theorist would most likely have said, "The greatest waste in the world comes from needless, ill-directed, and ineffective motions"?

answer

Frank Gilbreth.

question

A contractor was feeling defeated because the job he was working on was so far behind schedule. As he looked at the job site, he saw one worker moving bricks by carrying two at a time from where they were unloaded to where they were needed. He saw another climbing up a ladder with a few shingles, climbing back down to get more, and then repeating the process. ____ could be used to determine how the workers could perform their tasks more efficiently.

answer

Time and motion studies.

question

The Gantt Chart___.

answer

Is a chart that shows when and where tasks need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion.

question

In which of the following situations would a Gantt chart be appropriate to use?

answer

Building a bridge. Installing a local area network for a computer system. Rebuilding communities destroyed by hurricane. Planning a Mardi Gras parade. All of these.

question

At about the same time as management theorists were developing scientific management principles in the United States, Max Weber was in Europe developing ____.

answer

Bureaucratic management.

question

According to Weber, a bureaucracy ____.

answer

Is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience.

question

Which of the following statements about division of labor is true?

answer

All of the above statements about division are true.

question

As defined by Weber, the goal of bureaucracy is to ____.

answer

Achieve an organization's goal in the most efficient way possible.

question

Which of the following is NOT associated with Max Weber's bureaucratic management?

answer

Span of management.

question

____ is best known for developing the five functions of managers and the fourteen principles of management.

answer

Henri Favol.

question

Which of the following management theorists used his own personal experiences as a CEO to create his theory of management?

answer

Henri Favol.

question

Henri Fayol is responsible for developing ____.

answer

Administrative management.

question

Which management theorist would most likely have said, "The success of an enterprise generally depends much more on the administrative ability of its leaders than on their technical ability"?

answer

Henri Favol.

question

According to Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management, ____ requires that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss.

answer

Unity of direction.

question

The ____ approach to management focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work.

answer

Human Relations.

question

According to human relations management ____.

answer

Success depends on treating workers well.

question

Which of the following management theorists helped develop human relations management?

answer

Mary Parker Follett.

question

According to Mary Parker Follett, ____ is an approach for dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objectives.

answer

Domination.

question

According to Mary Parker Follett, if managers use ____ to settle or reduce conflict, each of the parties involved give up some of what they want.

answer

Compromise.

question

In a departure from mainstream management thinking, Mary Parker Follett believed ____.

answer

Conflict could be beneficial.

question

Mary Parker Follett believed managers typically deal with conflict in one of three ways:____.

answer

Domination, compromise, and integration.

question

According to Mary Parker Follett, ____ is the easiest way to deal with conflict for the moment, but it is not usually successful in the long run.

answer

Domination.

question

With integrative conflict resolution ____.

answer

Both parties work together to create an alternative solution that includes shared preferences and integrates interests.

question

According to Mary Parker Follett ____.

answer

All of these are true.

question

____ was the management theorist who said, "As conflict is here in this world, as we cannot avoid it, we should, I think, use it to work for us. Instead of condemning it, we should set it to work for us."

answer

Mary Parker Follett.

question

Management theorist ____ is best known for his role in the Hawthorne Studies.

answer

Elton Mayo.

question

The Hawthorne Studies showed how ____ can influence work group performance, for better or worse. a. organizational codes of ethics The Hawthorne Studies showed how ____ can influence work group performance, for better or worse.

answer

Group Cohesiveness.

question

During the Bank Wiring Room phase of his Hawthorne Studies, Elton Mayo witnessed behavior reminiscent of the ____ Frederick Taylor observed.

answer

Soldiering.

question

Which management theorist provided managers with a better understanding of the effect group social interactions and employee satisfaction have on individual and group performance?

answer

Elton Mayo.

question

Chester Barnard defined a(n) ____ as "a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons."

answer

Organization.

question

According to Chester Barnard, which of the following is an example of an organization?

answer

All of the above.

question

According to Chester Barnard, for many managerial requests or directives, there is a zone of indifference. A zone of indifference ____.

answer

Appears when the acceptance of managerial authority is automatic.

question

In general, people will be indifferent to managerial directives or orders if they ____.

answer

Meet all of the above qualifications.

question

Which of the following management theorists believed that workers ultimately grant managers their authority?

answer

Chester Barnard.

question

____ involves managing the daily production of goods and services.

answer

Operations management.

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of a commonly used operations management tool?

answer

Target marketing.

question

____ is responsible for the fact that most products are manufactured using standardized, interchangeable parts.

answer

Eli Whitney.

question

In general, ____ uses a quantitative approach to find ways to increase productivity, improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories.

answer

Operations Management.

question

Today thanks to ____, Unverferth, a farm equipment manufacturer, was able to use computer-assisted design in the development of its new 12-row subsoiler for cotton production.

answer

Gaspard Mones.

question

What is the term used for the amount and number of raw materials, parts, and finished products that a company has in its possession?

answer

Inventory.

question

Which of the following statements about information management is true?

answer

Two types of information technology are the cash register and the typewriter.

question

A systems view of management allows managers to ____.

answer

Deal with the complex environment in which their companies operate.

question

A(n) ____ is a set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole.

answer

System.

question

All ____ function without interacting with their environment.

answer

Closed systems.

question

Nearly all rganizations that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival should be viewed as ____.

answer

Open Systems.

question

____ occurs when 1 + 1 = 3.

answer

Synergy.

question

Synergy occurs when ____.

answer

Two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart.

question

Which of the following is an example of a closed system?

answer

None of the above.

question

The Atlanta Hawks basketball team, Stanford University, the American Red Cross, and IBM are all examples of ____.

answer

Open systems.

question

Kraft Foods has created five global product divisions (beverages, snacks, cheese and dairy, convenience meals, and grocery) and two marketing divisions (one for North America and the other for everything else). According to the systems approach to management, these seven divisions are examples of ____.

answer

Subsystems.

question

Organizations operate in two kinds of complex environments. They are ____.

answer

General and specific environments.

question

Which of the following would be a part of an organization's general environment?

answer

The economy in which it operates.

question

Which of the following would be a part of an organization's specific environment?

answer

Its competitors.

question

Which of the following statements describes an advantage of the systems approach to management?

answer

All of these describe advantages of the systems approach to management.

question

According to ____, the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place.

answer

The contingency approach.

question

Saturday, the manager of Tony's Pizza had to deal with an employee with a hangover, a missing server, and an unusually large number of customers. Monday was a slow day, and another employee fell asleep behind the prep table. Both employees came to work not ready to work their hardest. According to the ____, the manager should not be expected to have treated these two workers identically.

answer

Contingency approach to management.

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