MIDTERM 2 SPCH – Flashcards
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The temporal dimension of context is __________
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a message's position within a sequence of events
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The transactional view is a more satisfying theory of the communication process than the linear view because it __________
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is representative of how communication actually happens
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"Do you understand what I've just asked you to do?" is an example of a(n) __________
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metamessage
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According to your book, competent communicators _________
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think critically and mindfully
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When someone sends a message in response to your initial message, such as laughing at your joke, he or she is sending __________
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feedback
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Which of the following is true of communication contexts?
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All communication takes place within contexts.
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Biases or prejudices of senders-receivers are examples of what kind of noise?
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psychological
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Bobby: "I got a new bat!" Jan: "That's great. I can't wait to see you swing it at the game next Saturday." Bobby: "Not that kind of bat! His name is Del and he's my new pet." This exchange between Bobby and Jan best illustrates which principle of communication?
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Communication is ambiguous.
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Bobby: "I got a new bat!" Jan: "That's great. I can't wait to see you swing it at the game next Saturday." Bobby: "Not that kind of bat! His name is Del and he's my new pet." This exchange between Bobby and Jan best illustrates which principle of communication?
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Communication is ambiguous.
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During a videoconference job interview for an entry-level position with a large fast-food chain, Melkamzer answers a series of questions posed by Annie, a regional manager. What type of communication did they both engage in?
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computer-mediated communication
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Before going to a reception at the university president's house, Abby reminds her date, Homer, not to act like he is at a fraternity party. Abby wants Homer to be most aware of the __________ context
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social-psychological
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Phatic communication is also referred to as __________
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small talk
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Which of the following statements is true of communication?
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Communication involves both verbal and nonverbal messages.
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The vehicle through which we send messages is referred to as the __________
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channel
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The linear model of communication is analogous with a(n) __________
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tennis game
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__________ communication is the general term used to describe communication from one source to many receivers, some of which may be scattered throughout the world
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Mass
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The statement "I may be wrong about this, but. . . ." best illustrates the element of communication known as __________
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feedforward
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The information on the cover of a magazine that entices a reader to buy it is an example of __________
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feedforward
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Christina and DeAnna were having a quiet conversation over drinks before the band started to play, but now they have to shout and even then can't really hear what the other is saying. We can assume that once the band started to play, the signal-to-noise ratio in this scenario __________
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went from high signal/low noise to low signal/high noise
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Communication is a reversible and erasable process
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False
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Some communication has no effect on those involved in the process
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False
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Ambiguity is tolerated more in low-uncertainty-avoidance cultures than in high-uncertainty-avoidance cultures
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True
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Sunglasses may be regarded as communication noise
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True
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Self-awareness is basic to all communication
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True
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One way to increase accuracy in forming impressions is to reduce your uncertainty through the process of perception checking
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True
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One recommended way to resist the pressure to self-disclose is to change the topic
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True
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The self-serving bias is when you take credit for the negative and deny any responsibility for the positive
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False
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Your ability to achieve what your culture defines as success will contribute to a positive self-concept
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True
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Which of the following is true about self-concept?
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Gender roles generally are learned through cultural teachings.
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Which of the following actions is an example of securing affirmation?
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taping a note that says "I am a worthy person" to your bathroom mirror and saying the words out loud every morning
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Pat has a habit of surrounding herself with people who are extremely critical and find fault with everything. Pat's choice in friends may __________
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be detrimental to her self-esteem
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The __________ refers to the tendency to disregard outward signs of success and to consider yourself a fake, a fraud, one who does not really deserve to be considered successful
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impostor phenomenon
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To help another person maintain __________, you respect the person's right to be autonomous. For instance, you might request rather than demand that he or she do something
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negative face
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The process of trying to understand others' behaviors is called __________
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attribution of control
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When you hear a new song played on the radio, the __________ stage of the perception process has just occurred
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stimulation
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Which of the following statements is an example of self-disclosure?
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"I've never told anyone this, but I'm afraid to go to parties alone."
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The open self of the Johari window represents __________
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information about yourself that you and others know
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Self-esteem is defined as __________
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a measure of how valuable we think we are
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The process by which you become aware of objects, events, and people by using your senses is called __________
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perception
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Beverly watches only Fox News because its reporters and commentators reinforce her existing beliefs and attitudes. Beverly is engaging in __________
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selective exposure
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Which of the following is a way to increase self-awareness?
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Listen to others.
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Artie believes Asian people are more intelligent than other people. Artie is engaging in which perceptual process?
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stereotyping
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Betty's friends know that she is stingy, but Betty is not aware of it herself. We can assume Betty's stinginess is part of her __________ self
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blind
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Rosa judges everything Serena does based on the fact that Serena is an only child. Rosa is engaging in which attribution error?
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overattribution
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__________ refers to the processes you go through to communicate the impression you want other people to have of you
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Impression management
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John has never told anyone about his fear of spiders. We can assume this fear is part of John's __________ self
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hidden
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Jennifer always demonstrates enthusiasm when communicating and follows the cultural rules for polite, cooperative, respectful conversation. Jennifer is using __________
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affinity-seeking strategies
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Which of the following statements is true of the blind area of the Johari window?
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Communication is generally improved as the blind area becomes smaller.
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Generally, effective listeners are effective managers
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True
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Empathic listening is preferable to objective listening regardless of the context or the speaker's state of mind
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False
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The evaluation stage of listening can be made more effective by resisting evaluation until you fully understand the speaker's viewpoint
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True
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Understanding means grasping both the thoughts that are expressed and the emotional tone that accompanies them
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True
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The responding stage of the listening process can be enhanced through the use of "I" messages
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True
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Hearing happens when you get within range of some auditory stimulus, but __________ begins only when the messages the speaker sends are received
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listening
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Which of the following is a suggestion for facilitating the passage of information from short-term memory to long-term memory?
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Organize what you hear in an easy-to-retain format.
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Your neighbor is telling you about the sadness he feels about the death of his wife. To communicate understanding, you should practice __________ listening
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empathic
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In order to improve your empathic listening, which of the following recommendations would be helpful?
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Seek to understand the speaker's thoughts and feelings.
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The understanding stage in the listening process involves __________
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grasping both the thoughts that were expressed and the emotional tone that accompanies them
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Which of the following would be the best active listening response to the statement: "This has been the worst day of my life!"
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"You seem really upset. What made your day so bad?"
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Which of the following is true concerning the relationship between listening and gender?
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Women may be socialized to exhibit more listening cues than men.
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At the evaluation stage of the listening process, one should __________
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identify any biases, self-interests, or prejudices that the speaker may have
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Effective listeners are more likely to __________
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emerge as group leaders
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__________ occurs when you decode the speaker's signals and grasp both the thoughts that are expressed and the emotional tone that accompanies them
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Understanding
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Which of the following is true about the relationship between culture and listening?
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Listening in any culture requires attention to both verbal and nonverbal cues.
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While listening to Ella talk about her accident, Mel nods his head and says, "uh-huh" and "hmmm." Mel is __________
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giving backchanneling cues
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Which of the following is a correct statement about listening?
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Listening can be improved.
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Which of the following is a guideline for effective emotional listening?
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Empathize with the other person.
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Matthew is sitting in communications class while the instructor is lecturing, but his mind keeps wandering to his upcoming vacation. Matthew is experiencing which type of listening barrier?
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biases
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Bethany wants to be a good critical listener. Which of the following should she do?
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Keep an open mind.
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Which of the following recommendations will increase effectiveness in receiving messages?
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Avoid assuming you know what the speaker will say next.
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Which of the following statements is true of listening?
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The process of listening is circular.
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The text defines display rules as __________
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cultural rules that govern which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate and which are inappropriate in a public setting
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Which of the following is a physical barrier that may interfere with listening?
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the sound of a fire alarm
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It is best to use cultural identifiers that are recognized and used by cultural groups themselves.
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True
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Using indirect language allows people to express a desire without insulting or offending others.
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true
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"Gay men are so creative" is a heterosexist statement.
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true
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Companies' reluctance to hire members of minority groups is an example of individual racism.
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false
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Which of the following is an appropriate way to avoid ageism?
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Do not assume that older people do not understand technology.
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Which statement is an example of nonsexist language?
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The first-year students may require extra attention.
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Mandatory retirement laws and age restrictions in certain occupations can be referred to as __________.
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sexism
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refers to the tendency to view people, objects, and events in the way they are talked about and labeled.
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An intensional
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Of the following terms, which is the highest in abstraction?
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things to sit on
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Which of the following statements is the best example of direct speech?
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"I don't feel like cooking tonight. I am ordering pizza to be delivered."
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When Ashley tells Jeremy, "I am going to study really hard for that history test," and Jeremy replies, "I know you will. You have a real drive to do well in school. I admire you," Jeremy is engaging in __________.
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confirmation
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When making the company newsletter, Janet includes the anniversaries of all the people of her race, but omits the anniversaries of the office's employees of a different race. Janet's behavior can be described as __________.
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racist
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When Don, who is an openly gay man, meets Mehmet, Mehmet automatically assumes that Don must also know Rick, Mehmet's gay residence-hall director. Mehmet's tendency to assume that Don and Rick would probably know each other can be described as __________.
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heterosexist
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Albert wants to ensure that he is communicating politely in his e-mail. Which of the following is the best strategy for him to use?
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Avoid offensive language.
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__________ refers to a willingness to stand up for your rights but with respect for the rights of others.
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Assertiveness
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Which of the following statements is the best example of an indirect response to the question, "What's for dinner, honey"?
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"Tommy said the new Mexican place down the street is great, and they deliver."
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One of the best ways to guard against static evaluation is to use __________.
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a date subscript
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When we focus on classes of individuals or objects and fail to see that each is unique, we have the misevaluation of __________.
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indiscrimination
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The local newspaper allows readers to make comments on stories in its online edition. Readers do not have to give their names, and many of the comments are extreme. This is an example of __________ messages.
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anonymous
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__________ is often referred to as the "either/or" fallacy.
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Polarization
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Marion says, "Jon is a gay athlete." This is an example of what?
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heterosexist speech
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Which of the following is the best example of a factual statement?
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"Barbara is driving a green jeep."
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Ethan is engaging in __________ when he retains a judgment of a close friend, despite the inevitable changes in the friend.
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static evaluation
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Adding "et cetera" to their messages helps speakers to avoid __________.
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allness
