Micro Pathogen Quiz – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
pharyngoconjuctival fever
answer
adenovirus
question
nonenveloped, DS linear DNA with an icosahedral nucleocapsid
answer
adenovirus
question
environmentally stable and replication occurs in host nucleus; transmitted by contact, fecal oral or waterborne route
answer
adenovirus
question
inhibits protein synthesis
answer
adenovirus
question
secondary complication includes ARDS, Cystitis and GI problems
answer
adenovirus
question
symptoms include fever, sore throat, tonsillar exudates leukocytosis, and atypical cells
answer
EBV
question
hepatosplenomegaly a symptom
answer
EBV
question
a DNA virus (gamma herpes virus)
answer
EBV
question
contains viral antigens VCA, EA, and EBNAs
answer
EBV
question
considered an oncogenic virus
answer
EBV
question
transmitted by salivary secretions in developed countries; infects B lymphocytes
answer
EBV
question
inhibits cell apoptosis to remain in latency
answer
EBV
question
test for it includes detection of heterophile antibodies
answer
EBV
question
treat with suppurative care and acyclovir
answer
EBV
question
gram +, beta hemolytic, catalase -
answer
strep pyogenes
question
main cause of strep pharyngitis
answer
strep pyogenes
question
has a cell surface carbohydrate antigen
answer
strep pyogenes
question
contains an M protein which helps evade phagocytosis
answer
strep pyogenes
question
treat with penicillins and cephalosporins (erythromycin for those allergic to penicillin)
answer
strep pyogenes
question
main complications are acute rheumatic fever, scarlet fever and rheumatic heart disease
answer
strep pyogenes
question
causes a bull neck appearance (cervical adenopathy)
answer
diptheria
question
club shaped, gram +, forms gray/black colonies
answer
diptheria
question
causes respiratory stridor, exudative pharyngitis, yellow leathery oral membranes
answer
diptheria
question
produces A-B toxin which inhibits protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of EF-2
answer
diptheria
question
can treat with penicillin, erthromycin or vaccination with DTP initially
answer
diptheria
question
causes parotid and submaxillary tenderness
answer
mumps
question
causes leukopenia and leukocytosis
answer
mumps
question
an RNA virus part of the paramyxoviridae family
answer
mumps
question
a single stranded, - sense, non segmented virus with multinucleated giant cells
answer
mumps
question
infects and multiplies in the oropharynx; can have hematological dissemination to cause meningitis
answer
mumps
question
treat symptoms with analgesics, inhibit swelling and can use a MMR vaccine
answer
mumps
question
barking cough and steeple sign
answer
parainfluenza
question
envelope contains H and F proteins; H for attachment and F for entry and spread
answer
parainfluenza
question
a single stranded RNA virus, - sense, nonsegmented with synctia produced in infected cells causing cell to cell fusion
answer
parainfluenza
question
normally found in children under 6 yrs of age; transmitted by respiratory droplets
answer
parainfluenza
question
treat with humidification, epinephrine, and glucocorticoids
answer
parainfluenza
question
causes cyanosis, paroxysmal cough and post cough vomiting
answer
b. pertussis
question
non motile, gram - aerobic rods
answer
b. pertussis
question
nutritionally fastidious and attach via hemagluttinin
answer
b. pertussis
question
cause cilia paralysis via toxin; inhibit the Gi complex via ADP ribosylation which increases cAMP
answer
b. pertussis
question
produces a hemolysin which kills mucosal epithelium
answer
b. pertussis
question
treat with suppurative care, macrolide administration; vaccine is DTP
answer
b. pertussis
question
causes respiratory distress, wheezes/rhonci, yellow/green sputum
answer
h. influenzae (AECB)
question
gram - coccobacillary rods
answer
h. influenzae (AECB)
question
require X and V growth factors
answer
h. influenzae (AECB)
question
has 2 groups: group 1 has a polysaccharide capsule found in children and group 2 is unencapsulated and is found in adults
answer
h. influenzae (AECB)
question
type B of this pathogen can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime
answer
h. influenzae (AECB)
question
symptoms include high fever, chills, rusty sputum, dullness to percussion and lobar consolidation
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
gram +, lancet shaped diplococci
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
alpha hemolytic, catalase -, optochin sensitive
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
most common cause of community acquired pneumonia
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
can use penicillin, cefotaxime + macrolide, or vancomycin for treatment
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
complications include otitis media, empyeme, AECB, meningitis, bacteremia, endocarditis
answer
strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia)
question
blood tinged sputum found with alcohol use
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
part of the enterobacterinacea family
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
gram - bacilli that are lactose fermenting, urease + and indole -
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
non motile, non flagellated with a polysaccharide capsule (K antigen) which inhibits C3b, causing antigenic mimicry
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
common cause of nosocomial pneumonia; high risk in alcoholics
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
treat with pipercillin (extended spectrum)
answer
klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)
question
symptoms include dry cough, clear sputum, low fever, with patchy infiltrates
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
no cell wall, cholesterol in membrane
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
ciliostasis (prolonged cough) common
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
non productive cough, no bacteria on smear, no beta lactam response
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
complications include steven johnson syndrome and tracheobronchitis
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
treat with azithromycin or doxycycline
answer
mycoplasma pneumoniae
question
symptoms include high fever, dry cough, patchy interstitial infiltrates, headache, confusion, muscle aches
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
motile, flagellated, pleomorphic rods
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
stain faintly on gram stain (gram - features)
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
nutritionally fastidious, aerobic, motile, flagellated
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
found in water reservoirs, not person to person
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
complications include legionairres disease or pontiac fever
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
treat with a macrolide, fluroquinolone
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
penetrates mucus layer and inhibits phagolysosome formation
answer
legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis)
question
symptoms include acute respiratory distress, prostration, fever, chills, frequent weak cough and a normal chest x ray
answer
influenza
question
single stranded RNA, - sense, segmented
answer
influenza
question
has hemagluttinin and neuraminidase spikes (H for attachment to sialic acid receptors and N for degrading protective mucus to gain access)
answer
influenza
question
can undergo antigenic shift or drift
answer
influenza
question
has mainly systemic symptoms with viremia absent
answer
influenza
question
type A treated with amantidine and rimantidine
answer
influenza
question
secondary infection very common, annual vaccination available
answer
influenza
question
complications include reyes syndrome, hepatoencephalopathy, and pneumonia
answer
influenza
question
symptoms include respiratory distress, atelectasis, rhinorrhea and crackles; peribronchial infiltrates present with hyperinflation
answer
RSV
question
part of the paramyxoviridae family
answer
RSV
question
- sense, single stranded RNA, nonsegmented
answer
RSV
question
has a large enveloped glycoprotein (F and G)
answer
RSV
question
no hemagluttinin present; multinucleated syncitium present
answer
RSV
question
treatment is symptomatic, contact isolation and use of ribaverin
answer
RSV
question
symptoms include chronic fever, cough, weight loss, night sweats, blood tinged sputum
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
are considered obligate aerobes that are acid fast
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
mycolic acids in cell wall
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
grow on lowenstein jensen agar
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
presence of a cord factor which is toxic to PMNs
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
90% latent; airborne
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
complication can be pott disease
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
treat with INH, RIF, ETB, PZA
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
BCG vaccine useful
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
presence of a granuloma encapsulated with fibrin (tubercle)
answer
mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
symptoms include dry cough, SOB, pleuritic pain, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
presence of a halo sign
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
most common mold, thin hyphae (branch at V shape angle)
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
airborne conidia inhalation
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
treat with amphotericin B and varaconizole
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
complications include an aspergilloma, hematologic dissemination, ABPA
answer
aspergillus fumigatus
question
symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, a chest x ray with enlarged hilar and mediastinal nodes with nodular infiltrates
answer
h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis)
question
a dimorphic fungus with micro and macro conidia
answer
h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis)
question
grows in soil with bird (pidgeon) droppings
answer
h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis)
question
microconidia bind CD2 and CD18; engulfed and are transformed into yeast which grow intracellularly
answer
h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis)
question
migrate to lymph tissue, can form granulomas; treat with itraconizole and amphotecerin B
answer
h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis)
question
symptoms include fever, productive cough, painful skin lesion (verrucous)
answer
b. dermatidis (blastomycoses)
question
dimorphic fungus found in wooded areas near water
answer
b. dermatidis (blastomycoses)
question
chest x ray reveals nodules and cavitating lesions; treat with itraconizole and amphotecerin B
answer
b. dermatidis (blastomycoses)
question
symptoms include fever, joint pain, erythema nodosum (skin dissemination)
answer
coccidoides immitus
question
dimorphic fungus inhaled due to soil distrubance (arthroconidia)
answer
coccidoides immitus
question
causes valley fever
answer
coccidoides immitus
question
common in dust storms
answer
coccidoides immitus
question
treat with fluconizole or itraconizole
answer
coccidoides immitus
question
symptoms include chronic, intermittent fever, with green sputum, headache, COPD history, steroid use, upper extremity weakness
answer
n. asteroides (nocardiosis)
question
aerobic; weak gram +/acid fast
answer
n. asteroides (nocardiosis)
question
causes maduras foot in the tropics
answer
n. asteroides (nocardiosis)
question
caused by inhalation of contaminated dust
answer
n. asteroides (nocardiosis)
question
treat with sulfonamides (long term): trimethoprim
answer
n. asteroides (nocardiosis)
question
presence of yellow sulfur granules
answer
actinomyces israelii
question
considered a periodontal disease with foul sputum, fever and anorexia
answer
actinomyces israelii
question
filamentous gram +, anaerobic
answer
actinomyces israelii
question
require synergism for infection
answer
actinomyces israelii
question
treat with IV penicillin G and oral amoxicillin
answer
actinomyces israelii
question
symptoms include chronic cough; common in cystic fibrosis
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
non fermentative, gram - rods, aerobic; actively motile, have a flagella
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
are oxidase + and have a distinction of blue pus and a fruity odor
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
presence of a alginate capsule which causes biofilm
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
common cause of nosocomial pneumonia; typically found in soil and water
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
secrete elastase, exotoxin A, and phospholipase; treat with pipercillin (extended spectrum)
answer
pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia)
question
symptoms include fever, SOB, thick yellow discharge in the eye
answer
staph aureus (secondary pneumonia)
question
gram + cocci in grape like clusters
answer
staph aureus (secondary pneumonia)
question
non motile, catalase +, coagulase + (clumping factor)
answer
staph aureus (secondary pneumonia)
question
environmentally stable, reservoir is nasal carriers; commonly cause an abscess
answer
staph aureus (secondary pneumonia)
question
treat with nafcillin IV/vancomycin
answer
staph aureus (secondary pneumonia)
question
symptoms include fever, muscle ache, malaise, SOB, a low BP and thromocytopenia
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
part of the bunyavirus family
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
rodent born; found in rodent urine/droppings
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
enveloped, spherical, single stranded RNA, - sense, replicates in cytoplasm
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
also called pan american zoonosis
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
treat with suppurative care, ventilators, broad spectrum antibiotics before diagnosis
answer
sin nombre virus (hentavirus)
question
symptoms include fever, cough, myalgia, SOB, with bilateral interstitial infiltrates
answer
SARS-CoV
question
a enveloped coronavirus
answer
SARS-CoV
question
+ stranded RNA virus; club shaped, "crown like" envelope
answer
SARS-CoV
question
causes infection of the lower respiratory tract with diffuse alveolar damage and desquamation of pneumocytes; only treatment is suppurative care
answer
SARS-CoV
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New