question

The goal-setting theory has most value in countries where ________.

answer

subordinates are reasonably independent

question

Which of the following is true about Herzberg's two-factor theory?

answer

Herzberg's theory has influenced how we currently design jobs

question

In the job characteristics model, task significance refers to the degree to which a job ________.

answer

has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people

question

Which of the following is a framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions, their interrelationships, and their impact on outcomes.

answer

job characteristics model

question

________ refers to the degree of control employees have over their work.

answer

Job depth

question

Which of the following is true about managing cross-cultural motivational challenges?

answer

Most current motivation theories were developed in the United States by Americans and about Americans.

question

Which of the following methods of communication offers high scanability?

answer

Publications

question

Jon is the manager of the Finance department. He has to inform the employees in the department about the introduction of a new analytical software and the resultant changes in procedures. Which of the following types of communication does he use?

answer

Downward

question

In the job characteristics model, ________ refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.

answer

task identity

question

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using IT in organizational communication?

answer

psychological costs

question

To maximize motivation among today's workforce, managers need to think in terms of ________.

answer

flexibility

question

Goal-setting theory says that ________.

answer

difficult goals, when accepted, result in higher performance than do easy goals

question

Types of Communication Networks (Scenario) Rick Smith is a regional sales manager for a health care information technology firm called MediFax, based in Nashville, TN. Rick is responsible for overseeing 15 salespeople covering over 20 states spanning the mid-South to the Northeast. When the company was smaller and there were fewer salespeople, communication flowed freely from the field back into all areas of the home office-customer service, development, accounting and finance, and top management. However, as the company has grown, its structure has become more mechanistic. Communications to and from the field now flows according to the formal chain of command. As a result, the firm has been slower to recognize shifts in the market and respond to important market-based information delivered by the sales force. This has reduced the motivation of the sales team who are now reluctant to forward information to the home office because they perceive that it won't be acted upon anyway. The management has asked Rick to review this issue and provide recommendations for improving the situation. Rick believes that it might be more effective if incoming market-based information and outgoing response and direction were to flow through a central figure, the regional sales manager for each region. He, therefore, prefers ________ network for communication.

answer

wheel

question

In an effort to improve communication within the Accounts department of a large organization, the department head puts a suggestion box at the door and invites employees to communicate their thoughts, ideas, concerns, or grievances to the managers in the department. Which of the following methods of communication is he encouraging?

answer

upward

question

"Flo" of Communication (Scenario) Recently the employees of Chatterbox Enterprises, Inc., received a letter from the vice president of operations explaining that a new production facility would be built in Chatland City, AL. It was also stated that about one-fourth of the employees from the current Chatland City facility would be transferred to the new facility and if employees wanted to volunteer for the transfer, they could do so by meeting the human resource manager and filling out a request form. Sam, a production supervisor, first went to Florence, the purchasing manager, who had already volunteered to transfer, to discuss with her the possibility of becoming her inventory control supervisor at the new facility. Florence told Sam that Ruth, the current inventory control supervisor, would not be transferring and that she would consider his request When Sam went to the human resource manager and applied for transfer to the new facility, he was participating in which type of organizational communication?

answer

Formal

question

Complexity capacity refers to the degree to which the communication method ________.

answer

effectively processes complicated messages

question

Downward communication is used ________.

answer

to coordinate and evaluate employees

question

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company names an "Employee of the Month" and "Employee of the Quarter," the company is addressing employees' ________ needs.

answer

esteem

question

The Sword and the Millstone (Scenario) Sandra Millstone, the CEO of Excalibur Manufacturing Company, had concluded that the company would have to reduce its employee group by 10 percent as the industry was severely hit by the ongoing economic recession. She spent over 30 hours preparing charts, tables, graphs, diagrams, and other forms of visual aids for her presentation to the employees about the upcoming reduction in force so that they could understand the reason and plan their next move. As the employees began to leave the meeting room, some were overheard grumbling that those at the top were just profit-rakers, that it didn't make any difference to Sandra if employees lost their jobs. Which barrier to effective communications do these statements represent?

answer

defensiveness

question

According to the JCM, which job characteristic leads to an employee experiencing responsibility for outcomes of his or her work?

answer

autonomy

question

According to the three-needs theory, the need for ________ is the desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships.

answer

affiliation

question

Listening is an active search for meaning, whereas ________ is passive.

answer

hearing

question

"Flo" of Communication (Scenario) Recently the employees of Chatterbox Enterprises, Inc., received a letter from the vice president of operations explaining that a new production facility would be built in Chatland City, AL. It was also stated that about one-fourth of the employees from the current Chatland City facility would be transferred to the new facility and if employees wanted to volunteer for the transfer, they could do so by meeting the human resource manager and filling out a request form. Sam, a production supervisor, first went to Florence, the purchasing manager, who had already volunteered to transfer, to discuss with her the possibility of becoming her inventory control supervisor at the new facility. Florence told Sam that Ruth, the current inventory control supervisor, would not be transferring and that she would consider his request. When Sam spoke to Florence, he was involved in which type of organizational communication?

answer

diagonal

question

Which of the following is an example of noise?

answer

thinking about the party you attended last night while sitting in a lecture

question

The Memorandum (Scenario) George Wilberson is a qualified engineer and manages a work team that consists of two engineers, four production workers, an accountant, and a purchasing manager. They are about to embark on a new project for their company. George has prepared a memorandum explaining the objectives of the work team. The accountant, in particular, told George that he had difficulty understanding some of the technical terms used in the memorandum. These technical terms are commonly known as ________.

answer

jargon

question

Though IT has improved organizational communications in recent years, ________ remains a major concern.

answer

security

question

The two-factor theory-also known as the motivation-hygiene theory-was proposed by ________.

answer

Frederick Herzberg

question

When a sender evaluates a communication method to judge scanability, he is checking if ________.

answer

the recipient can easily browse the message for relevant information

question

You are acting as manager and mentor to Melanie, an employee who has been identified as a high achiever. Going by McClelland's three-needs theory, which of the following measures would best help you motivate Marsha to do her best?

answer

giving her a job that holds her personally responsible for finding solutions to problems

question

CISCO's Unified Personal Communicator allows fast and easy access to voice, video, instant messaging, web conferencing, voicemail, and presence capabilities through a single, multimedia interface on your PC or Mac. Which of the following aspects of communication problems does this personal communicator address?

answer

time-space constraint

question

According to the JCM, which three job characteristics are crucial to an employee experiencing meaningfulness of his or her work?

answer

skill variety, task identity, and task significance

question

Which of the following actions accurately reflects the reinforcement theory of motivation?

answer

A company's policy of giving its sales staff cash coupons for exceeding their daily targets.

question

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs form the lowest or foundational step in the hierarchy.

answer

physiological

question

McGregor's Theory Y assumes that employees ________.

answer

enjoy work

question

Which of the following is true about job enlargement and job enrichment?

answer

Expanding the scope of knowledge used in a job leads to more job satisfaction, enhanced customer service, and fewer errors.

question

An organization's grapevine works as ________.

answer

a filter and a feedback mechanism for managers

question

The Memorandum (Scenario) George Wilberson is a qualified engineer and manages a work team that consists of two engineers, four production workers, an accountant, and a purchasing manager. They are about to embark on a new project for their company. George has prepared a memorandum explaining the objectives of the work team. Some of the production workers have come to see George and ask for clarification about the memorandum. This represents the ________ aspect of the communication process.

answer

feedback

question

Jack Hammer is a retired man who has decided to seek work with your company to supplement his retirement income. As you consider whether he will be a good fit for your department, you determine that he is likely to find satisfaction in the job because it ________.

answer

is in a highly structured work environment

question

People with a high need for achievement ________.

answer

prefer moderately challenging goals

question

________ is the deliberate manipulation of information to make it appear more favorable to the receiver.

answer

Filtering

question

Good communication occurs only when the recipient ________.

answer

understands the speaker's meaning

question

A(n) ________ occurs when the amount of data provided exceeds the recipient's processing capacity.

answer

information overload

question

________ theory says that behavior is a function of its consequences.

answer

Reinforcement

question

In order to increase face-to-face communication among employees, the workplace design should ________.

answer

maximize visibility and density

question

In which of the following cases has communication occurred?

answer

Ana tells her manager that she needs a new computer, but he says that the company can't afford it.

question

Herzberg called the factors that create job dissatisfaction ________ factors; when these factors are adequate, people won't be dissatisfied, but they won't be satisfied either.

answer

hygiene

question

George prepares a memorandum explaining the objectives of a newly created work team that he is expected to manage, and makes sure it reaches each team member. He is involved in ________.

answer

organizational communication

question

The Sword and the Millstone (Scenario) Sandra Millstone, the CEO of Excalibur Manufacturing Company, had concluded that the company would have to reduce its employee group by 10 percent as the industry was severely hit by the ongoing economic recession. She spent over 30 hours preparing charts, tables, graphs, diagrams, and other forms of visual aids for her presentation to the employees about the upcoming reduction in force so that they could understand the reason and plan their next move. During the presentation Sarah explained that the reason for downsizing was the recession which was hitting the company badly. However, the fact of the matter was that the company had not yet experienced any loss of revenues but were anticipating bad days ahead, which could eventually lead to mass layoffs. This is an example of the ________ aspect of the communication process.

answer

filtering

question

In the job characteristics model, the dimension of ________ refers to the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out.

answer

Autonomy

question

If a company is concerned with achieving high member satisfaction for all the participants in a network, which of the following communication networks is best?

answer

all-channel network

question

Which of the following traits is negatively related to group productivity and morale?

answer

unconventionality

question

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 p.m., and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 p.m. to go home," the word "scary" represents which component of an attitude?

answer

affective

question

Strato Engineering (Scenario) Strato Engineering, a technology product company, formed a team (Team 1) to develop the next generation of the company's model CVF-D. The team is composed of the product development manager, chief engineer, director of procurement, human resource director, marketing research director, cost analysis director, operations director, and the four highest-dollar project vendors. The preliminary projection for the lifetime of the team is expected to be 2 years due to the level of technology involved in the product. Another team (Team 2) has also been established recently to solve a new problem with an industrial adhesive used by the firm. There are three members in this team: installer, engineer, and sales representative for the adhesive manufacturer, but the team does not have a specific leader. It is anticipated that it will require about 2 weeks to solve the problem. A third team (Team 3) has been working together for 4 years, implementing modifications to the company's current model CVF-C. None of the members of this team are at the same location. They utilize a variety of graphic-electronic technologies to view the product onscreen in three-dimension at each location simultaneously. Which of the following is the best way of describing Team 3?

answer

virtual

question

When someone chooses to act in a certain way, she is demonstrating the ________ component of her attitude.

answer

behavioral

question

According to the Big Five Model of personality, a person who has a wide range of interests and is imaginative, fascinated with novelty, artistically sensitive, and intellectual is described as ________.

answer

open to experience

question

Research on conformity suggests that ________.

answer

conformity is a culture-bound behavior

question

The ________ stage in the group development process is complete when members begin to think of themselves as part of a group.

answer

forming

question

If you believe that you control your own destiny, which of the following personality traits are you likely to possess?

answer

internal locus of control

question

Holland's theory proposes that satisfaction is highest and turnover lowest when ________.

answer

personality and occupation are compatible

question

According to research, employees who have a high internal locus of control ________.

answer

exhibit more satisfaction with their jobs than externals

question

When Darrin went to a career counselor, Joanna, he took a test that would allow the counselor to gain an insight into his personality. After speaking to Darrin and analyzing his answers in the test, Joanna realized that he is curious by nature. He preferred activities that involved understanding and organizing, and that he is basically analytical. Which of the following occupations is a potentially good match for him?

answer

news reporter

question

A work team ________.

answer

has shared leadership roles

question

Just Your Type Employees (Scenario) Doug has recently been promoted and is now the manager of a team of researchers. All of his subordinates are well educated and have been with the company for a minimum of three years. In an attempt to learn more about the employees and to better assign them to jobs that they will enjoy, he has administered the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)®. James is a very hardworking person and has just been promoted to the managerial ranks. His managerial style is to be flexible and understanding and not boss over his employees too much. He believes that people who are hardworking will always make sure that the work gets done on time. Even when he is out of office, he supposes that his subordinates are working diligently because he works diligently most of the time. James's perceptions of his employees are based on ________.

answer

assumed similarity

question

Which of the following is a drawback of global teams?

answer

They are characterized by greater potential for stereotyping.

question

Andrew is social, friendly, and understanding, and prefers activities that involve helping and developing others. Which of the following occupations is a potentially good match for him?

answer

teacher

question

Kevin is a whirlwind as a research and development supervisor. His colleagues are surprised that even though he makes decisions very quickly and always with less information than others, his decisions are as good as anybody else's. This information implies that Kevin has ________.

answer

high risk-taking ability

question

When people judge someone on the basis of the perception of a group they are a part of, they are using the shortcut called ________.

answer

stereotyping

question

Research evidence suggests that teams typically outperform individuals when ________.

answer

tasks require multiple skills, judgment, and experience

question

If you like yourself, then your personality would be described as having ________.

answer

high self-esteem

question

In the Big Five Model of personality, conscientiousness refers to ________.

answer

the degree to which someone is reliable, responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented

question

________ is defined as the failure to report to work.

answer

Absenteeism

question

Which of the following managerial styles will Gen Y workers approve of and respond to?

answer

flexible

question

________ are teams from the same department or functional area involved in efforts to improve work activities, though they are rarely given the authority to implement any of their suggested actions.

answer

Problem-solving teams

question

Which of the following is associated with the study of individuals?

answer

perception

question

Just Your Type Employees (Scenario) Doug has recently been promoted and is now the manager of a team of researchers. All of his subordinates are well educated and have been with the company for a minimum of three years. In an attempt to learn more about the employees and to better assign them to jobs that they will enjoy, he has administered the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)®. George, one of Doug's researchers, gets along well with most people in the team. He is good at his job but needs to be reassured once in a while. Another trait Doug notices is that George is always trying to keep everyone happy. George can be described as a(n) ________ personality.

answer

feeling

question

The Big Five Model of personality includes ________.

answer

extraversion

question

Which component of attitude is reflected in the sentence, "This is the best way to reach the place."?

answer

cognitive

question

Though clearly capable, Mary does not seem very confident of herself. She is always unsure of whether she can handle assignments that are difficult and as a result ends up choosing jobs that are fairly straight forward and involve routine work. She is also susceptible to evaluations from other people. Mary seems to have ________.

answer

low self-esteem

question

Which of the following refers to a prestige grading, position, or rank within a group?

answer

status

question

Which of the following refers to independent formal groups whose members, in addition to their regular jobs, take on traditional managerial responsibilities, such as hiring, planning and scheduling, and evaluating performance?

answer

self-managed teams

question

Which of the following is considered to be the last stage of group development for permanent work groups?

answer

performing

question

A work group ________.

answer

has no need or opportunity to engage in collective work that requires joint effort

question

Which of the following types of conflict is most likely to be dysfunctional?

answer

relationship conflict

question

The ________ of conflict management argues that some conflict is absolutely necessary for effective organizational performance.

answer

interactionist view

question

Behavior patterns expected of someone occupying a given position in a social unit is called a ________.

answer

role

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding status systems?

answer

Anything can have status value if others in the group evaluate it that way.

question

Which of the following is true according to the MBTI®?

answer

Judging types want control and prefer their world to be ordered.

question

If everyone who's faced with a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say the behavior shows ________.

answer

consensus

question

Individual behavior in organizations includes ________.

answer

attitudes, learning, and motivation

question

In the Big Five Model of personality, ________ refers to the degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting.

answer

agreeableness

question

The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization is the employee's ________.

answer

organizational commitment

question

Eliminating any reinforcement that's maintaining an undesirable behavior is called ________.

answer

extinction

question

During the ________ stage of the group development process, a relatively clear hierarchy of leadership and agreement on the group's direction emerge.

answer

storming

question

King Midas (Scenario) King Midas Manufacturing Co. has been utilizing groups to improve their manufacturing process. Some of the most successful groups were together for only a few months and others have been together for over a year with little to no success. Management has requested your consulting expertise to determine why there were varied successes and failures. Your analysis of the system indicates that the reason for the varied results could simply be the development stage of the group. Group A has been meeting for one month and is seen as having some difficulty in appointing its leader. At least three individuals are qualified to keep the group's focus on its objectives, but the group is yet to decide which person will lead. Group A is at the ________ stage.

answer

storming

question

Large groups consistently get better results than smaller ones, when the group is involved in ________.

answer

problem solving

question

An incentive system which appropriately recognizes team activities is an example of which of the following characteristics of effective teams?

answer

internal support

question

A manager makes decisions very quickly and requires little information for making the decisions. Which of the following is a likely reason for this?

answer

The manager is high in risk-taking

question

The New Professor (Scenario) Dan Powell received his Ph.D. and has begun teaching at a large university. Prior to his first day of class, Dan's department head met with him and explained what was expected of a new professor in terms of maintaining discipline in his classroom and providing students with a challenging course. Later that week, Dan met with other professors in a faculty meeting. During that meeting, a number of issues were discussed. Although Dan did not agree with all of them, he did not feel comfortable voicing his opinion because he was less experienced than the other professors. Many of the senior professors were also reluctant to discuss issues. The reluctance of Dan's senior professors to voice their opposition to several issues in order to maintain group harmony is an example of ________. Answer

answer

groupthink

question

Just Your Type Employees (Scenario) Doug has recently been promoted and is now the manager of a team of researchers. All of his subordinates are well educated and have been with the company for a minimum of three years. In an attempt to learn more about the employees and to better assign them to jobs that they will enjoy, he has administered the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)®. Bill, a manager at a consulting firm, has been keenly analyzing the performance of a new recruit who turns out to be extremely intelligent. He concludes that she will be a good manager in the future even though her interpersonal skills are not half as impressive. This conclusion on Bill's part seems to be the result of ________.

answer

the halo effect

question

People who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs are said to have ________ personalities.

answer

proactive

question

A company with low departmentalization, wide spans of control, centralized authority, and little formalization possesses a ________ structure.

answer

simple

question

A(n) ________ organization is highly specialized and rigidly departmentalized.

answer

mechanistic

question

________ is measured by the costs of acquiring and transforming organizational resources into outputs

answer

Input

question

Which of the following is a performance measurement tool that looks at four areas that contribute to a company's performance?

answer

balanced scorecard approach

question

Organizational ________ is a measure of how appropriate organizational goals are and how well an organization is achieving those goals.

answer

effectiveness

question

Financial Controls Ruth Moody works as a freelance financial consultant. She renders financial services to individuals and small businesses. Entropic Communications, Inc., a fabless semiconductor company, seeks her services to study the financial stability of their company. Ruth wants to analyze the organization's ability to meet its current debt obligations. Which of the following ratios is most helpful to Ruth in analyzing this?

answer

current ratio

question

Statco's Control (Scenario) Statco, Inc., is a statistical software company based in Columbia, TN. This publicly traded firm has grown in a systematic fashion over its 25-year existence and now claims more than 12,000 employees worldwide. As it has grown, the company has adopted a hierarchical structure, which emphasizes organizational authority. Management relies heavily on administrative rules, regulations, and policies in order to meet its goals. However, the company has struggled to meet projected revenues for each of the past 10 quarters. The firm hires Mark Adams, an expert in control system design, to design a control system and offer suggestions to improve the firm's performance. Which of the following is a key activity that the proposed control system should perform?

answer

performance measurement

question

________ corrects the problem at once to get performance back on track.

answer

Immediate corrective action

question

As organizations become more flexible and responsive to environmental trends, there is a distinct shift toward ________ decision making.

answer

decentralized

question

Which of the following refers to the overall output of goods or services produced divided by the inputs needed to generate that output?

answer

Productivity

question

An organization hires additional personnel as soon as they get a major contract. The organization is using ________ control.

answer

feedforward

question

Employee Theft (Scenario) Barbara is the product manager of an energy company which operates in the Americas. She is concerned about the increased employee theft observed in the factory. A study has shown that $30,000 worth of merchandise was accounted to employee theft in the year 2010. Barbara wants to take corrective measures to prevent future theft. Which of the following is a feedback tactic that Barbara could use to control theft?

answer

use the services of professional investigators

question

Work teams composed of individuals from various functional specialties are known as ________ teams.

answer

cross-functional

question

Financial Controls Ruth Moody works as a freelance financial consultant. She renders financial services to individuals and small businesses. Entropic Communications, Inc., a fabless semiconductor company, seeks her services to study the financial stability of their company. Ruth identifies the firm's leverage ratio to be very high. What suggestion could Ruth give to help the firm reduce its leverage ratio?

answer

Pay back part of its debts to improve the ratio.

question

Which of the following is considered the most desirable type of control to prevent anticipated problems?

answer

feedforward control

question

High vertical differentiation, low horizontal differentiation, and low formalization are characteristics of an organization that indulges in ________.

answer

process production

question

Which of the following is an example of a feedforward control measure used to control possible workplace violence?

answer

Clearly communicate the security policies to employees.

question

Which of the following factors would require a more decentralized organizational structure?

answer

when the lower-level managers want a voice in decisions

question

Controlling Operations Charles is the operations manager of a firm which operates as a leaf tobacco merchant and processor worldwide. Charles believes that the firm's productivity can be increased substantially from the current level. He wants to exert control to improve organizational performance and productivity. Charles wants to prevent problems before their occurrence. Which of the following is the most desirable type of control to achieve this goal?

answer

feedforward control

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization?

answer

clear chain of command

question

Clinical psychologists suggest that employee theft ________.

answer

happens because people find ways to rationalize this behavior as correct

question

Control techniques can be quite different for different countries. The differences are primarily in the ________.

answer

measurement and corrective action steps of the control process

question

In stable and simple environments, ________.

answer

mechanistic designs are most effective

question

Statco's Control (Scenario) Statco, Inc., is a statistical software company based in Columbia, TN. This publicly traded firm has grown in a systematic fashion over its 25-year existence and now claims more than 12,000 employees worldwide. As it has grown, the company has adopted a hierarchical structure, which emphasizes organizational authority. Management relies heavily on administrative rules, regulations, and policies in order to meet its goals. However, the company has struggled to meet projected revenues for each of the past 10 quarters. The firm hires Mark Adams, an expert in control system design, to design a control system and offer suggestions to improve the firm's performance. Mark recommends that the managers at Statco should identify how and why performance has deviated beyond the acceptable range of variation, and then correct the source of the deviation. Here, Mark is recommending ________.

answer

basic corrective action

question

________ refers to how standardized an organization's jobs are and the extent to which employee behavior is guided by rules and procedures.

answer

Formalization

question

_______ is the degree to which decision making takes place at upper levels of the organization.

answer

Centralization

question

Employee Theft (Scenario) Barbara is the product manager of an energy company which operates in the Americas. She is concerned about the increased employee theft observed in the factory. A study has shown that $30,000 worth of merchandise was accounted to employee theft in the year 2010. Barbara consults a criminologist to identify the reasons for employee thefts. Which of the following is the most likely interpretation that the criminologist would present?

answer

People have financial-based pressures which motivate them to steal.

question

The Industry Leader (Scenario) Frank, the new CEO for First Fidelity, is working hard to turn around the formerly successful real estate business. His goal is to make First Fidelity a leader in the industry. He understands the importance of improving organizational productivity in achieving his goals. Mark is keen to improve organizational performance and effectiveness. The operations manager suggests a hike in the prices to improve productivity. However, Frank rules this option out. What could be the possible reason for this?

answer

he real estate business is characterized by intense competition.

question

In highly ________ organizations, there are explicit job descriptions, numerous organizational rules, and clearly defined procedures covering work processes.

answer

formalized

question

The ________ approach to performance measurement was introduced as a way to evaluate organizational performance from more than just the financial perspective.

answer

balanced scorecard

question

Which of the following traditional organizational designs focuses on results by holding division managers responsible for what happens to their products and services?

answer

divisional structure

question

In case of functional departmentalization, jobs are grouped according to ________.

answer

tasks

question

The comparing step in the control process determines

answer

the variation between actual performance and the standard

question

GlaxoSmithKline would become more ________ if it starts allowing its lab scientists to set the priorities and allocate the resources.

answer

organic

question

Managers should use subjective measures when ________.

answer

work activities cannot be expressed in quantifiable terms

question

Joan Woodward divided firms into three distinct technologies that had increasing levels of complexity and sophistication: unit production, mass production, and ________.

answer

process production

question

The first step in the control process is ________.

answer

measuring actual performance

question

________ is the final step in the management process, which provides a critical link back to ________.

answer

Controlling; planning

question

Paul Abdul Oil Corporation (PAOC) began as a relatively small oil company. As PAOC has grown, the company has gained a highly trained group of managers and analysts at the corporate headquarters. This group is highly adaptive in its structure. Members of this group do not have standardized jobs, but are empowered to handle diverse job activities and problems. PAOC seems to have a(n) ________ structure

answer

organic

question

An organization communicates openly to its employees about violent incidences in the workplace and what's being done to handle them. This is an example of a ________ control strategy.

answer

feedback

question

If a manager investigates how and why performance has deviated beyond the acceptable range of variation, and then corrects the source of the deviation, she is using ________.

answer

basic corrective action

question

Which of the following observations best explains why the control function is important?

answer

An effective control system facilitates employee empowerment.

question

Which of the following statements accurately defines work specialization?

answer

Individual employees specialize in doing part of an activity rather than the entire activity.

question

Raw, unanalyzed facts are called ________.

answer

Data

question

Two areas in which corporate governance is being reformed are the role of boards of directors and ________.

answer

financial reporting

question

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act called for ________.

answer

more disclosure and transparency of corporate financial information

question

Factors that have been found to be linked to workplace violence include ________.

answer

employee stress

question

The control process assumes that ________.

answer

performance standards are already in place

question

The management control that takes place while a work activity is in progress is known as ________.

answer

The management control that takes place while a work activity is in progress is known as ________.

question

Which of the following sources usually provides filtered information which cannot be documented?

answer

oral reports

question

Un Taco Pequeno (Scenario) Imagine that you are the president of Taco Rocket, a new and successful chain of 100 Mexican fast-food restaurants in the United States. The success you have experienced in the last five years has you thinking of what to do with the business next. Should you expand the business at the current rate or open new and different restaurants? You decide to keep Taco Rocket in the same business and do not change the menu. Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument for this course of action?

answer

Though new competitors have entered, Taco Rocket's market share has not been affected.

question

________ planning dominates managers' planning efforts at lower levels of the organization.

answer

Operational

question

An organization that initially brings a product innovation to the market is known as the ________.

answer

first mover

question

The first four steps of the strategic management process describe the strategic ________ that must take place in an organization.

answer

planning

question

A ________ strategy is used to deal with minor performance problems. It helps an organization stabilize operations, revitalize organizational resources and capabilities, and prepare to compete once again.

answer

retrenchment

question

When L'Oreal acquired The Body Shop, it carried out ________.

answer

horizontal integration

question

Community Newspaper (Scenario) Robert Downs is in the process of setting up a small community newspaper in his home town of Corning, New York. As a first step, he sets the following goal for his company: "To be a champion for free speech and for the development of the community." This goal is to appear clearly on top of every page of the newspaper. Downs wants to formulate a plan that lays out general guidelines for his employees and leaves room for interpretation. Which of the following types of plans would best suit his requirement?

answer

directional

question

Managers should "milk" cash cows for as much as they can, limit any new investment in them, and use the large amounts of cash generated to invest in ________ and ________.

answer

stars; question marks

question

A ________ firm uses both online and traditional stand-alone locations.

answer

clicks-and-bricks

question

Top executives are mainly involved in ________ planning.

answer

strategic

question

Bella Vista Clothing targets teenage girls with a range of affordable ready-to-wear clothing. The company is opening two new outlets, as sales have been excellent. Which of the following represents a strength for the company?

answer

The company's in-house designers have a knack for identifying and popularizing fashion trends.

question

Which of the following is a competitive force under the five forces model?

answer

threat of substitutes

question

A New Business (Scenario) Patrick majored in entrepreneurship and computer science in college. After graduation, he decided to start his own business as an e-business entrepreneur, founding an online B2B reverse auction company called CompuSave. An internal analysis will help Patrick identify the ________ of the company.

answer

strengths and weaknesses

question

A ________ is an integrated network of goals in which the accomplishment of goals at one level serves as the means for achieving the goals, or ends, at the next level.

answer

means-ends chain

question

Well-written goals are ________.

answer

clear as to a time frame

question

Which of the following is true of the impact of formal planning on organizational performance?

answer

Formal planning is associated with positive financial results.

question

SWOT Analysis (Scenario) As a process of self-examination during her senior year of college, Casey decides to develop a SWOT analysis of her prospects relative to getting a job. Casey realizes that she has a personal characteristic that suggests she is not comfortable interacting with strangers. She interprets this as a(n) ________ if she is to get a job as a salesperson.

answer

weakness

question

________ is the ability to recognize major external changes, to quickly commit resources, and to recognize when a strategic decision is not working.

answer

Strategic flexibility

question

________ refers to gathering information about competitors that allows managers to anticipate competitors' actions rather than merely react to them.

answer

Competitor intelligence

question

In ________, the organization becomes its own supplier so it can control its inputs.

answer

backward vertical integration

question

Plans that encompass only the production or the sales goals of a company are termed ________ plans.

answer

operational

question

When a company combines with firms in different and dissimilar industries, it indulges in ________.

answer

unrelated diversification

question

The final step in the strategic management process allows an organization to understand the ________.

answer

effectiveness of the strategies used

question

Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization's goals?

answer

Using a single goal such as profit may result in unethical behaviors by employees.

question

Functional-level strategy directly supports the ________.

answer

competitive strategy

question

A problem associated with traditional goal setting is that ________.

answer

clarity is lost as the goals make their way down from the top of the organization to lower levels

question

Powerballs (Scenario) Colleen invested a dollar in the Powerball Lottery and won $60 million. Subsequently, she decides to start her own business selling lawn mowers. A business broker hears that Colleen is interested in purchasing a business and approaches her with an offer to sell her a company that owns a patent on a new roofing product and who installs this new roofing in the southwestern United States. If she buys this firm, she will be using a(n) ________ strategy.

answer

unrelated diversification

question

When an organization continues serving the same clients by offering the same product or service, maintaining market share, and sustaining the organization's current business operations, it is following a ________ strategy

answer

stability

question

A ________ describes the rationale of how a company is going to make money.

answer

business model

question

Managers do an external analysis so that they know about ________.

answer

what the competition is doing

question

A Business Plan (Scenario) Imagine that you are the owner of a small company that sells corporate gifts through an online store. You employ about 20 people. However, business has slowed down in recent months and you realize that the organization must move in a different direction if it is to survive. You have reset some of the company's overall goals and want to develop a plan to achieve those goals. You are anticipating the business environment to be volatile for next few years. Considering the characteristics of well-written goals, which of the following would be a well-written goal for the above scenario?

answer

To invoice merchandise worth $ 200,000, every month, for the next three years.

question

________ strategies address declining performance through retrenchment and turnaround strategies.

answer

Renewal

question

Which of the following is one of the reasons why managers should plan?

answer

When work activities are coordinated around plans, inefficiencies become obvious

question

A firm that is "stuck in the middle" cannot develop ________.

answer

a cost or differentiation advantage

question

When is the traditional top-down approach to planning most likely to be effective?

answer

When is the traditional top-down approach to planning most likely to be effective?

question

In ________, the organization gains control of its outputs by becoming its own distributor

answer

forward vertical integration

question

Which of the following is an example of a single-use plan?

answer

a plan developed to implement new environmental regulations

question

A ________ is a broad statement of an organization's purpose that provides an overall guide to what organizational members think is important.

answer

mission

question

Which of the following reflects the way goals are set in an MBO program?

answer

Apart from being used to ensure that employees are doing what they are supposed to be doing, goals are used as a motivating tool for employees.

question

Megabyte Center, S.A. (Scenario) Your old friend, Ariel Eskenazi, is the owner and general manager of Megabyte Center, a computer reseller and systems integrator located in Panama City, Panama. Since leaving IBM to start a business in his home country, Ariel's company has steadily grown, due in large part to the business partnerships he has established over the years with large foreign computer and software firms, such as Goldstar and Microsoft. These relationships have helped his company win considerable market share in Panama, as well as in other parts of Latin America. However, since the 1999 turnover of the Panama Canal to the Panamanian government, there has been a huge influx of foreign capital into Panama. For example, several large Asian firms have made Panama a beachhead for their American operations. Tourism is on the rise, with over a score of new hotels built in the metropolitan area alone over the past three years. As a result, demand for Megabyte's products and services has increased markedly, but so has the level and diversity of its competition. While Megabyte's customer base has remained fairly loyal, many longtime customers are beginning to demand price concessions and enhanced service levels in return for their continued business. Additionally, Ariel has learned recently that several of his former suppliers and business partners are considering establishing local sales offices of their own in Panama City. Ariel knows you are very knowledgeable about competitive strategy and calls you asking for advice. Because his customers are demanding price concessions and enhanced service levels in return for their continued business, Ariel decides that he wants to compete by offering unique products that are widely valued by customers. What strategy is Ariel following?

answer

differentiation

question

The commitment concept says that plans should ________.

answer

extend far enough to meet those commitments made when the plans were developed

question

________ is a process of setting mutually-agreed upon goals and using those goals to evaluate employee performance.

answer

Management by objectives

question

When an organization is analyzing its labor supply, it is studying its ________.

answer

external environment

question

What is a strategic disadvantage of being a first mover?

answer

risk of competitors imitating innovations

question

Which of the following is true of the traditional approach to planning?

answer

This approach makes managerial planning thorough, systematic, and coordinated.

question

Powerballs (Scenario) Colleen invested a dollar in the Powerball Lottery and won $60 million. Subsequently, she decides to start her own business selling lawn mowers. Colleen is successful after the first 3 years, and she is approached by a competitor who is nearing retirement age. The competitor is interested in selling his business to Colleen. For Colleen, this would be a(n) ________ strategy.

answer

horizontal integration

question

In ________, goals set by top managers flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area.

answer

traditional goal setting

question

Heavy investment in ________ will help take advantage of the market's growth and help maintain high market share.

answer

stars

question

Top-level managers are responsible for ________ strategies.

answer

corporate

question

A New Business (Scenario) Patrick majored in entrepreneurship and computer science in college. After graduation, he decided to start his own business as an e-business entrepreneur, founding an online B2B reverse auction company called CompuSave. After hiring several employees, Patrick requires that each person in this company be involved in studying trends involving new technology, competitors, and customers. These employees are involved in ________.

answer

external analysis

question

Which of the following statements is true concerning problem identification?

answer

Effectively identifying problems is not easy.

question

________ is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.

answer

Sensitivity training

question

What is the psychological orientation of a decision maker who makes a "maximin" choice?

answer

pessimist

question

Structured problems align well with which type of decisions?

answer

programmed

question

Which of the following is an example of a policy?

answer

We are an equal opportunity employer with a diverse workforce. We do not discriminate against employees and applicants on the basis of sex, race, color, religion, national origin, age, disability, marital status, sexual orientation or veteran status.

question

Lower-level managers typically confront ________.

answer

programmed decisions

question

The Government Job (Scenario) Colin was getting accustomed to his surroundings in a state government job. His efforts at getting people to accept change had met with little resistance due to his and the new director's efforts as well as the hard work of his subordinates. But now the hard part really started-actually managing the change. What techniques could he and his agency's new director employ to most effectively implement changes that would result in increased productivity in his department? He considered changing three aspects of his agency: the structure, the technology, and the people. Colin decided his people will benefit from ________, a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.

answer

sensitivity training

question

Which of the following is NOT an internal force of change?

answer

technology

question

Which of the following is an example of a procedure?

answer

Before going on a leave of absence, fill up the application form available on the company's online leave management system. All applications will be approved/rejected within two days by the employee's immediate supervisor.

question

In intuitive decision making, managers ________.

answer

use data from their subconscious mind to help make their decisions

question

Which of the following is NOT a valid assumption about rationality?

answer

The decision maker accepts a solution that is good enough

question

New Ideas (Scenario) Although New Ideas, Inc., has been in business for 30 years, the company and its employees seemingly have been in a constant state of change. Louis Snyder has been President of New Ideas, Inc. for the last 15 years. During these 15 years, he has had to change the strategic focus of the company three times. The employees have started becoming vocal about the decrease in their bonus checks and their desire for increased profits. It seems as though his competition is always introducing new products into the market and his company's niche products have to be constantly changed in order to keep up with the competition. Moreover, the government has been active in passing new legislation to increase the control of the product packaging and product contents. The technology used to manufacture the products has also been continually changed to make the process more efficient. When the employees express their concern about their bonus checks, which of the following types of forces of change is constraining Mr. Snyder?

answer

internal force of change

question

Design thinking suggests that managers should look at problem identification collaboratively and integratively with the goal of ________.

answer

gaining a deep understanding of the situation

question

According to Kurt Lewin, which of the following is a stage in the change process?

answer

unfreezing

question

"Smoking and the consumption of alcohol are strictly prohibited inside the work premises." This is most likely an example of a(n) ________.

answer

rule

question

The ________ happens when decisions makers tend to remember events that are the most recent and vivid in their memory.

answer

availability bias

question

What organizational development technique involves changing the attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that work groups have about each other?

answer

intergroup development

question

In the decision-making process, after allocating weights to the decision criteria, the decision-maker must then ________.

answer

list viable alternatives that could resolve the problem

question

When decision makers tend to think they know more than they do or hold unrealistically positive views of themselves and their performance, they are exhibiting the ________.

answer

overconfidence bias

question

According to Lewin, which of the following is the objective of refreezing?

answer

stabilizing the new situation

question

How can managers increase the likelihood of making change happen successfully?

answer

They should give individual employees a role in the change process.

question

When managers make decisions that are rational but limited by their ability to process the information, they are following the concept of ________.

answer

bounded rationality

question

Amanda, a single parent, is looking for a new job. Considering that she has two school-going children, she is particularly keen on finding an employer who can provide her with alternative work arrangements such as flexible work hours and telecommuting. In terms of the decision-making process, these represent Amanda's ________.

answer

decision criteria

question

________ creates expectations that may be hard to reconcile or satisfy. Answer

answer

Role conflict

question

Is the Picture Clear? (Scenario) Sharon was the regional manager of a large cable television company. She faced many problems and decisions daily, such as how to price each market, whom to hire, what kind of technology to purchase, and how to handle the increasing customer complaints. She needed some help sorting these issues out. Usually Sharon follows a ________, a series of interrelated sequential steps for responding to a structured problem.

answer

procedure

question

________ involves exchanging something of value for an agreement to lessen the resistance to the change effort.

answer

Negotiation

question

A procedure ________.

answer

is a series of sequential steps a manager uses to respond to a structured problem

question

A change capable organization ________.

answer

links the present and the future

question

Sophie is in charge of recruitment at her company. During a particular interview, the first thing Sophie noticed about the applicant was that he was improperly attired. Though the candidate possessed the necessary qualifications and effectively answered all her questions, Sophie rejected him. This is an example of the ________.

answer

anchoring effect

question

Unstructured problems ________.

answer

are accompanied by ambiguous or incomplete information

question

For ________, there must be uncertainty over the outcome, and the outcome must be important

answer

potential stress to become actual stress

question

________ is a situation in which a decision maker cannot make reasonable probability estimates.

answer

Uncertainty

question

The ________ thinking style is characterized by a person's preference for using external data and facts and processing this information through rational, logical thinking to guide decisions and actions.

answer

linear

question

The unfreezing step of the change process can be thought of as ________.

answer

preparing for the needed change

question

Is the Picture Clear? (Scenario) Sharon was the regional manager of a large cable television company. She faced many problems and decisions daily, such as how to price each market, whom to hire, what kind of technology to purchase, and how to handle the increasing customer complaints. She needed some help sorting these issues out. When a customer calls and requests a refund for a partial month's usage of the cable service, the fact that such situations are routine and most likely have a standard response would make the response a(n) ________ decision.

answer

programmed

question

Sarah's sales figures show that she has been the top performer in her department for the last eight months. Two months prior to her annual performance review, Sarah's sales numbers fell due to her ill health causing her manager to rate her performance as just satisfactory. This is an example of the ________.

answer

availability bias

question

A(n) ________ decision is a repetitive decision that can be handled by a routine approach.

answer

programmed

question

Outside consultants are more likely to initiate ________ organizational changes than insiders.

answer

drastic

question

________ is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product or work method.

answer

Innovation

question

________ are straightforward, familiar, and easily defined.

answer

Structured problems

question

The ________ thinking style is characterized by a preference for internal sources of information and processing this information with internal insights, feelings, and hunches to guide decisions and actions.

answer

nonlinear

question

Competitive factors or new innovations within an industry often require managers to introduce ________.

answer

new equipment, tools, or operating methods

question

Creativity is most essential in which of the following steps of the decision-making process?

answer

developing alternatives

question

After identifying the decision criteria that are important or relevant to resolving a problem, the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

answer

allocating weights to the criteria

question

________ is the adverse reaction people have to excessive pressure placed on them from extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities.

answer

Stress

question

Managers cannot possibly analyze all information on all alternatives, they tend to ________, rather than ________.

answer

satisfice; maximize

question

Which of the following is a cultural variable that supports innovation?

answer

acceptance of ambiguity

question

Toby is hunting for a new apartment. He is specifically looking for one that is located in the heart of the city and should be available for $600 per month. However, Toby is also willing to pay up to $850 per month for a place that is situated slighted away from the city center. According to him, the second option "will also do." This is an example of ________. Answer

answer

bounded rationality

question

An innovative culture is likely to have ________.

answer

tolerance of conflict

question

Lightspeed.com (Scenario) Edwin Edwards is a team leader for Lightspeed.com, an e-business that has employees in every global time zone. Some of the factors that the team has to contend with are deadlines, strong work ethic, the creativity-innovation chain, high-speed turnaround, and professionalism. As team leader, Edwin sees team members via video conference only a few times per year. A frustration that he is encountering is that he works with all of these people and does not have control over their "actual" work or the few organizational rules, regulations, and policies. Yet, due to the position he is in, he feels he gets all of their complaints. The team does not deal well when a member offers an "off-the-wall" solution to a team problem; team members seem to have more trouble with this than any other team-conflict issue. What he likes most about leading the team is that they seem to prefer getting their objective accomplished instead of wasting time trying to decide who should be doing what. When Edwin feels frustrated that he does not have control over team members' "actual" work or the organizational rules, regulations, and policies, he is contending with ________.

answer

external control

question

A U.S. business that provides on-site childcare facilities for employees is ________.

answer

being socially responsive

question

The ________ view is that management's social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include protecting and improving society's welfare.

answer

socioeconomic

question

Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is categorized as strategic?

answer

potential to improve market share

question

________ is defined as a business firm's intention, beyond its legal and economic obligations, to do the right things and act in ways that are good for society.

answer

Social responsibility

question

In which of the following areas are consistent male-female differences observed?

answer

work schedule preferences

question

A ________ is an individual or organization who seeks out opportunities to improve society by using practical, innovative, and sustainable approaches.

answer

social entrepreneur

question

In which of the following stages of moral development do individuals live up to what is expected by people close to them and maintain conventional order by fulfilling obligations to which they have agreed?

answer

conventional stage

question

Which of the following statements is true of gender diversity in workplaces?

answer

No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability.

question

Which of the following ISO standards is related to quality management?

answer

ISO 9000

question

Under the concept of social obligation, the organization does what is required by the ________.

answer

law

question

The ________ Act offers some legal protection to whistle-blowers. It has a provision wherein any manager who retaliates against an employee for reporting violations faces a stiff penalty of a 10-year jail sentence.

answer

Sarbanes-Oxley

question

Which of the following examples would be considered appropriate stereotyping?

answer

asking someone from accounting to help with a budgeting problem

question

________ is the degree to which people believe they control their own fate.

answer

Locus of control

question

In terms of workplace diversity, the New Millenium has witnessed increased focus on ________.

answer

diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growth

question

As a form of discrimination, incivility is said to occur when ________.

answer

an employee's opinions are consciously ignored

question

The Environmental Study (Scenario) You have just been challenged by your supervisor to study and report your findings on approaches that organizations use when dealing with the environment and when pursuing the goal of going green. Your boss tells you to study the four major approaches, differentiate among them, and report to him in a week. Under what approach do organizations exhibit little environmental sensitivity, and simply obey laws, rules and regulations?

answer

legal approach

question

Trends observed in the shifting world population indicate that people aged 65 or more will soon outnumber those aged 5 or less. Also, the world's population aged over 80 is expected to more than double by the year 2040. Which of the following is a likely implication of such population trends?

answer

dwindling labor supply

question

Ang Li emigrated from Hong Kong to study business at the Tri-Valley University in California. However, he has found it rather hard to move up in his managerial career at his workplace especially when compared to how his fellow graduate from Tri-Valley, American-born Adam Watson, has managed to become the regional manager of sales in the company. This suggests the presence of ________ in Li's organization.

answer

a glass ceiling

question

The primary debate about ethics training programs is whether ________.

answer

ethics can be taught

question

________ measures the strength of a person's convictions.

answer

Ego strength

question

Discrimination refers to ________.

answer

someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice

question

Which of the following organizations is best suited to promote ethical behavior in its employees?

answer

An organization that has formal rules and regulations in place.

question

Which of the following is NOT a way for management to reduce unethical behavior?

answer

monitor employee telephone calls

question

Which of the following trends has been observed in the world population in terms of aging?

answer

People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history.

question

John Doe is employed with the IT department in Abel and Associates, that provides financial consultancy services to several wealthy investors. He is approached by a shady investor who offers attractive incentives for stealing some sensitive information regarding the investment patterns of one of the clients of the company. Which of the following statements best reflects John's thoughts if he is at the principled level of moral development?

answer

By stealing from another person, I will be in violation of the moral standards I've come to expect of myself.

question

At the ________ level of moral development, a person's choice between right or wrong is based on personal consequences from outside sources, such as physical punishment, reward, or exchange of favors.

answer

preconventional

question

What type of discrimination is said to have occurred when certain actions taken by representatives of an organization deny equal opportunity to perform or unequal rewards for performance?

answer

discriminatory practices or policies

question

Two Opposing Views of Social Responsibility (Scenario) The board of directors of Acme Generating Corporation is meeting to consider the construction of a new electricity generation facility somewhere along the Muspetan River basin. The city of Muspetan has a high Air Pollution Index and the increasing amount of garbage is adding to the city's woes. Director Appleton would like the facility to be a coal-burning plant located in a remote area because the cost involved is moderate. Director Witworth wants a nuclear plant because this will not add to the city's already serious pollution problem, while taking care of its electricity requirements. Director Jossleman wants a plant that uses combustible fuels collected from the city's garbage. He wants the plant to be located near the downtown government area so that the steam could be used for heating the government buildings after it has passed through the generating turbines. Director Appleton is following which of the social responsibility views?

answer

classical

question

________ represent basic convictions about what is right and wrong.

answer

Values

question

The Environmental Study (Scenario) You have just been challenged by your supervisor to study and report your findings on approaches that organizations use when dealing with the environment and when pursuing the goal of going green. Your boss tells you to study the four major approaches, differentiate among them, and report to him in a week. What approach deals with an organization responding to the environment because of the preferences of its customers?

answer

market approach

question

The Environmental Study (Scenario) You have just been challenged by your supervisor to study and report your findings on approaches that organizations use when dealing with the environment and when pursuing the goal of going green. Your boss tells you to study the four major approaches, differentiate among them, and report to him in a week. Under what approach is the organization driven to look for ways to respect and preserve the earth and its natural resources?

answer

activist approach

question

Social obligation is the obligation of a business to meet its ________.

answer

economic and legal responsibilities

question

When a firm advertises that it only uses recycled paper products it is ________.

answer

being socially responsive

question

Summing Up Social Responsibility (Scenario) Max Proffit, director of research and development for National Products Company, that is into producing hiking gears has learned that a new material has been developed in his department that appears to make the ropes and slings more durable. He has discussed this development with his two assistants, Susie Merriweather and Moe Gaines, and Rush Onward, vice president of product development. Susie has stated her opposition to the use of the new material because its durability has not yet been tested and has not been certified by the company's third-party testing laboratory. Moe argues that the initial tests that their R&D department completed indicate minimal problems with durability. Rush states that in several meetings he has recently attended, the company president had repeatedly emphasized the need to increase earnings per share. Rush tells Max that a decision has to be made within the week about the new material's use by the Company. If Max resists his impulse to okay the use of the uncertified material because of the need for increased earnings per share he ________. Answer

answer

has a strong ego strength

question

Which of the following is true concerning the impact of organizational culture on ethical behavior?

answer

An organization with strong culture encourages high ethical standards.

question

Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be masculine?

answer

leading by example

question

Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is attributed to organizational performance?

answer

reduced costs associated with high turnover and absenteeism

question

Ethics Training (Scenario) You are an employee of a very large company, Behemoth Inc. Several employees routinely have lunch at a local restaurant where most drink alcoholic beverages before returning to work. In addition to this inappropriate behavior, several male coworkers call female employees "babes" and freely use racial slurs. There have been many complaints and the company has decided to use these issues as ethical training examples. How can managers identify the ethically questionable applicants even before they became part of the workforce?

answer

by asking the candidates to go through interviews, tests, and background checks

question

Which of the following people management benefits arises from workplace diversity?

answer

better use of employee talent

question

Lulumelon owns a chain of fashion stores that serve men, women, and children clothing categories. Jay, a motor accident victim with an amputated leg, applies for a position at one of the stores in an upmarket location. Which of the following assumptions by Lulumelon would prevent them from hiring him?

answer

There is no set of guidelines on how to take any potential disciplinary action with disabled employees.

question

Which of the following approaches of going green reflects the highest degree of environmental sensitivity and is also a good illustration of the social responsibility of the organization?

answer

activist approach

question

At the ________ level of moral development, ethical decisions rely on maintaining expected standards and living up to the expectations of others.

answer

onventional

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the six determinants that are relevant in deciding issue intensity?

answer

discovery of the act

question

The belief that business involvement can help solve difficult social problems is the ________ argument on social responsibility.

answer

better environment

question

________ is a term that describes a tendency or preference toward a particular perspective or ideology.

answer

Bias

question

Which of the following provisions was introduced by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009?

answer

changing the statute of limitations on pay discrimination to 180 days from each paycheck

question

One way to evaluate a company's green actions is to use the ________ list of the most sustainable corporations in the world.

answer

Global 100

question

What type of discrimination usually involves jokes or negative stereotypes being perpetrated about fellow employees?

answer

mockery and insults

question

Many companies around the globe voluntarily report their efforts in promoting environmental sustainability using the guidelines developed by the ________.

answer

Global Reporting Initiative

question

The process of applying social and environmental criteria to an investment decision is known as ________.

answer

social screening

question

The economic environment affects the performance of an organization, as was noted during the recent recession. Which of the following factors is cited as one of the causes of the recent recession triggered in the home mortgage markets in the United States?

answer

lack of leverageability for business borrowers

question

________ is the practice wherein an organization gives another organization the right to use its brand name, technology, or product specifications in return for a fee usually based on sales.

answer

Licensing

question

Cultural Training (Scenario) Jane wants to expand her career opportunities in the international operations of a company. She is 19 years old and currently attends a university. She has only lived in her home country and has never traveled to any foreign country. While talking with her advisor at the university, Jane deduces that she has a(n) ________ attitude, as she has never traveled abroad and only relates well to people from her home country.

answer

ethnocentric

question

Changing Organizational Culture (Scenario) Mary has been asked by the company president to change the organizational culture to reflect the company's new organizational goals. As executive vice president, she certainly understands the goals, but is really not sure that she understands what to do about the culture. Mary also found out that in order to build a strong new culture, she should do all but which of the following?

answer

encourage a high turnover rate among employees

question

Which of the following most accurately reflects the difference between strong cultures and weak cultures?

answer

Company values are more deeply held and widely shared in strong cultures than in weak cultures.

question

Which of the following types of global organizations reflects the geocentric attitude?

answer

transnational organization

question

Which of the following statements is true of dynamic and complex environments?

answer

A high need for sophisticated knowledge of components exists in such environments.

question

The World Trade Organization was formed in the year ________.

answer

1995

question

Which of the following environments is characterized by the highest level of environmental uncertainty?

answer

A global company reflects the ________.

question

A global company reflects the ________.

answer

ethnocentric attitude

question

What is the primary reason that the intensifying economic crisis in Europe threatens to impact the decisions of global managers in the United States and throughout the world?

answer

The euro zone is a larger economic unit than the United States or China and is a major source of world demand for goods and services.

question

The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness program identified ________ dimensions on which national cultures differ.

answer

nine

question

Which of the following is a multinational corporation that tailors marketing strategies to the host country's unique characteristics?

answer

multidomestic corporation

question

Which of the following guidelines should managers follow while building a customer-responsive culture?

answer

giving service-contact employees continual training on product knowledge, listening, and other behavioral skills

question

Which of the following is a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations?

answer

Myanmar

question

The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness program's ________ dimension is similar to Hofstede's achievement-nurturing dimension.

answer

assertiveness

question

In today's global environment, managers must have a(n) ________ attitude in order to be successful.

answer

geocentric

question

Which of the following is a feature of a multidomestic corporation?

answer

has a decentralized management

question

A ________ economy is one in which resources are primarily owned and controlled by the private sector.

answer

free market

question

Which of the following dimensions of organizational culture refers to the degree to which organizational decisions and actions emphasize maintaining the status quo?

answer

stability

question

Which of the following statements highlights the shared aspect of culture?

answer

Even though individuals may have different backgrounds or work at different organizational levels, they tend to describe the organization's culture in similar terms.

question

Cultural Training (Scenario) Jane wants to expand her career opportunities in the international operations of a company. She is 19 years old and currently attends a university. She has only lived in her home country and has never traveled to any foreign country. Jane joins an international student association in order to better understand the views of students from other countries. She is trying to become more ________ in her attitude.

answer

geocentric

question

Why does the U.S. Federal Reserve's announcement of a far-reaching mortgage-bond buying program raise business concerns over the new monetary policy?

answer

It threatens to weaken the dollar against foreign currencies.

question

Which of the following factors is a sociocultural component of an organization's external environment?

answer

behavior patterns

question

Which of the following arrangements involves the greatest commitment of resources and poses the greatest amount of risk?

answer

foreign subsidiary

question

An innovative organizational culture is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

answer

conformity

question

If the components in an organization's environment exhibit minimal change, such an environment is said to be ________.

answer

stable

question

The symbolic view of management is based upon the belief that managers symbolize ________.

answer

control and influence in developing plans and making decisions

question

Which of the following most accurately reflects the symbolic view of management?

answer

External forces are responsible for an organization's success or failure.

question

A(n) ________ attitude is characterized by parochialism.

answer

ethnocentric

question

Adam has been hired by an organization that has a partnership with a foreign company. Both the partners share resources and knowledge while developing new products. Adam's organization has formed a ________.

answer

strategic alliance

question

Apex Construction (Scenario) Apex Construction has hired Wendell Phillips to provide management consulting for the organization. Wendell's first assignment involves helping the company to improve productivity by recommending ways to strengthen managers' supervisory skills. Wendell interviews many middle-level managers and discovers that they share a different view of management. These individuals believe that external factors constrain managers' influence over outcomes. The mid-level managers have a(n) ________ view of management.

answer

symbolic

question

The World Trade Organization evolved from which of the following?

answer

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

question

Which of the following factors is a demographic component of an organization's external environment?

answer

geographic location

question

Which of the following represents the two views of managerial impact on the success or failure of the organization?

answer

omnipotent and symbolic

question

Workplace spirituality has become important in the contemporary workplace because it ________.

answer

gives employees a sense of purpose

question

________ is a measure of the degree to which people rely on social norms and procedures to alleviate the unpredictability of future events.

answer

Uncertainty avoidance

question

Which of the following is a criticism of spiritual organizational cultures?

answer

incompatibility between profits and spirituality

question

In an organization whose culture conveys a basic distrust of employees, managers are more likely to use a(n) ________ leadership style

answer

authoritarian

question

The ________ view of management is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization's objectives.

answer

omnipotent

question

Which of the following is most likely to have a highly spiritual organizational culture?

answer

a company with high tolerance of employee expression

question

When an organization acquires products made abroad and sells them domestically, it indulges in ________.

answer

importing

question

Organizational ________ typically contain narratives about significant events or people in the organization.

answer

stories

question

The World Trade Organization has ________ member countries and ________ observer governments.

answer

155; 29

question

The term ________ refers to repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the important values and goals of the organization.

answer

corporate rituals

question

An ethnocentric attitude ________.

answer

is the belief that the home country has the best work approaches and practices

question

The forerunner of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development was the ________ that was formed in 1947 to administer American and Canadian aid under the Marshall Plan for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II.

answer

Organization for European Economic Cooperation

question

Which of the following is a characteristic found in spiritual organizations?

answer

tolerance towards mistakes and openness with customers and employees

question

The ________ was formed by twelve original members with the primary motivation of reasserting the region's economic position against the United States and Japan.

answer

European Union

question

Business Expansion Plan (Scenario) As business expansion director, Shana's goal is to scout for potential locations and provide input on how her company should proceed with its planned expansion to Europe. There are many options, which include maintaining the company's head office in the United States and sending over company representatives when necessary or establishing a separate operations facilities abroad and hiring locals as managers. One section of Shana's company's business plan involves setting up a foreign subsidiary. This arrangement involves ________.

answer

directly investing in a foreign country

question

Understanding building codes would be considered a ________ skill for a building contractor.

answer

technical

question

A ________ is an example of a first-line manager.

answer

shift manager

question

From a business perspective, a company's ability to achieve its business goals and increase long-term shareholder value by integrating economic, environmental, and social opportunities into its business strategies is known as ________.

answer

sustainability

question

The Customer Meeting (Scenario) Kelly, a production supervisor, is responsible for 10 employees who assemble components into a finished product that is sold to distributors. Kelly reports to Ben, a production manager, who in turn reports to Dan, a general manager, who reports to McKenna, a vice president of operations. Recently, McKenna asked Dan to have a meeting with Kelly and Ben regarding some customer concerns in the production area. The focus of the meeting was to judge the validity of the customer concerns, and to develop a specific plan to address these concerns. Ben and Dan are ________.

answer

middle managers

question

The ________ role (as Mintzberg defined it) is more important for lower-level managers than it is for either middle-or top-level managers.

answer

leader

question

Management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and in all organizational work areas, and in all organizations, no matter where they are located. This principle is known as the ________. Answer

answer

universality of management

question

Increased accountability of employees is typically caused by ________.

answer

increased emphasis on organizational ethics

question

________ developed a categorization scheme for defining what managers do, consisting of 10 different but highly interrelated roles.

answer

Henry Mintzberg

question

Robert L. Katz proposed ________.

answer

three critical managing skills

question

Managerial Skills (Scenario) Adam, Brenda, Carl, and Dan are employees in the same organization. Adam is the shift manager, Brenda is the district manager, Carl is the regional manager and Dan is the project leader. Adam manages the employees who produce the organization's product. After noticing his excellent work, he is promoted to division manager. Carl on the other hand, after a disciplinary proceeding is assigned to the post of office manager. Ethan is the managing director of the same organization. Which of the following is true for Adam before his promotion?

answer

His technical skills are of the utmost priority.

question

Katz proposed that managers need ________ skills.

answer

technical, human, and conceptual

question

The Customer Meeting (Scenario) Kelly, a production supervisor, is responsible for 10 employees who assemble components into a finished product that is sold to distributors. Kelly reports to Ben, a production manager, who in turn reports to Dan, a general manager, who reports to McKenna, a vice president of operations. Recently, McKenna asked Dan to have a meeting with Kelly and Ben regarding some customer concerns in the production area. The focus of the meeting was to judge the validity of the customer concerns, and to develop a specific plan to address these concerns. Kelly, Ben, Dan, and McKenna are part of an organization that has a ________.

answer

traditional pyramid structure

question

Managerial Basic Training (Scenario) Imagine that your marketing company has just merged with a manufacturing organization. You have been asked to help provide some "basic" managerial training to the engineers in the research and development unit of the new company. To ensure you are covering the important issues, your boss has asked to see an overview of materials that you will be providing the engineers. After the merger, the management then makes a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish specific purposes. Such an arrangement makes up a(n) ________.

answer

organization

question

Which of the following types of managerial positions is most likely to involve clerical duties?

answer

supervisor

question

The Customer Meeting (Scenario) Kelly, a production supervisor, is responsible for 10 employees who assemble components into a finished product that is sold to distributors. Kelly reports to Ben, a production manager, who in turn reports to Dan, a general manager, who reports to McKenna, a vice president of operations. Recently, McKenna asked Dan to have a meeting with Kelly and Ben regarding some customer concerns in the production area. The focus of the meeting was to judge the validity of the customer concerns, and to develop a specific plan to address these concerns. McKenna is a ________.

answer

top manager

question

The General Manager (Scenario) Michael is the manager of a production facility. On a routine day, Michael meets with the employees who produce the organization's product. At another time, Michael meets with the production manager, Betty, and the human resource manager, Joyce, to discuss complaints filed by one of the employees in the production department. Michael also spends time on the Internet looking for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant. Michael's search for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant is an example of which type of management skill?

answer

conceptual

question

Managers with good ________ know how to communicate, motivate and lead to get the best out of their people.

answer

human skills

question

Joe the Manager (Scenario) As a production supervisor, Joe decides on Friday afternoon how many units of output his employees should produce. He also decides which employee will operate which machine. On Monday, he informs his employees of their assignments to specific machines by handing out assignment sheets. He tells the employees that the schedule is going to be difficult this week due to the increased number of units that have to be produced. He goes on to tell them that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are such good and skilled employees. Each day during the week, Joe checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been rejected. When Joe tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are good and skilled employees, he is performing which of the following management functions?

answer

leading

question

The ________ roles involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information, according to Mintzberg's managerial roles.

answer

informational

question

A manager resolving conflict among organizational members is performing which of the following functions?

answer

leading

question

According to Mintzberg's managerial roles, the ________ roles are ones that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature.

answer

interpersonal

question

________ involves ensuring that work activities are completed efficiently and effectively by the people responsible for doing them.

answer

Managing

question

Effectiveness is associated with ________.

answer

doing the right things

question

In successful organizations, ________.

answer

high efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in hand

question

Which of the following skills involves the ability to work well with other people, both individually and in a group?

answer

human skills

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