Medical Terminology Ch 7 Urinary System – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
cali/o, calic/o
answer
combining form for Calyx (cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis)
question
glomerul/o
answer
combining form for glomerulus (tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney)
question
meat/o
answer
combining form for meatus (opening or canal)
question
nephr/o, ren/o
answer
combining forms for kidney (two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region that filters waste from the bloodstream to form urine)
question
pyel/o
answer
combining form for renal pelvis
question
trigon/o
answer
combining form for trigone (triangular area in the urinary bladder)
question
ureter/o
answer
combining form for ureter (2 tubes leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder)
question
urethr/o
answer
combining form for urethra (tube from urinary bladder to outside the body)
question
vesic/o, cyst/o
answer
combining forms for urinary bladder
question
albumin/o
answer
combining form for albumin
question
azot/o
answer
combining form for nitrogen
question
bacteri/o
answer
combining form for bacteria
question
dips/o
answer
combining form for thirst
question
kal/o
answer
combining form for potassium
question
ket/o, keton/o
answer
combining form for Ketone bodies
question
lith/o
answer
combining form for stone
question
natr/o
answer
combining form for sodium
question
noct/o
answer
combining form for night
question
olig/o
answer
combining form for scanty (very little)
question
py/o
answer
combining form for pus
question
ur/o
answer
combining form for urine ((urea) - major nitrogenouse wast excreted in urine)
question
urin/o
answer
combining form for urine
question
-poietin
answer
suffix - substance that forms
question
-tripsy
answer
suffix - crushing
question
-uria
answer
suffix - urination; urine condition
question
caliectasis
answer
medical term for widening/dialation fo calyx
question
caliceal
answer
medical term meaning PT the calyx
question
cystitis
answer
medical term meaning inflammation of the urinary bladder
question
cystectomy
answer
medical term for excision of the urinary bladder
question
cystostomy
answer
medical term for a new opening in the urinary bladder
question
glomerular capsule
answer
medical term for the enclosing structure that surrounds each glomerulus; also known as the Bowman capsule - collects the material that is filtered from the blodd through the walls of the glomerulus.
question
meatal stenosis
answer
medical term for narrowing of the opening or canal
question
paranephric
answer
medical term for PT near the kidney
question
nephropathy
answer
medical term meaning kidney disease
question
nephroptosis
answer
medical term for sagging, drooping of kidney
question
nephrolithotomy
answer
medical term for an incision into the kidney to remove a stone
question
hydronephrosis
answer
medical term for abnormal condition of water in the kidney
question
nephrostomy
answer
medical term for new opening in the kidney
question
pyelolithotomy
answer
medical term meaning to cut into the renal pelvis to remove a stone
question
renal ischemia
answer
medical term for holding back blood from the kidney
question
renal colic
answer
medical term meaning intermittent spasms of pain in the kidney
question
trigonitis
answer
medical term meaning inflammation of the trigone
question
ureteroplasty
answer
medical term meaning surgical repair of the ureter
question
ureteroileostomy
answer
medical term for the formation of a new bladder from a peice of ileum (also called ileal conduit)
question
urethritis
answer
medical term for inflammation of the urethra
question
urethroplasty
answer
medical term for surgical repair of the urethra
question
urethral stricture
answer
medical term for abnormal narrowing of the urethro
question
intravesical
answer
medical term for PT within the urinary bladder
question
vesicoureteral reflux
answer
medical term for PT urine flowing back up into the ureters
question
albuminuria
answer
medical term for albumin in the urine
question
microalbuminuria
answer
medical term for leakage of a very small amount of albumin through the glomeruli
question
azotemia
answer
medical term for excessive nitrogen in te blood
question
bacteriuria
answer
medical term for bacteria in the urine (usually a sign of a UTI)
question
polydipsia
answer
medical term for excessive thirst (usually a sign of diabetes
question
hyperkalemia
answer
medical term for excessive potassium in the blood
question
ketosis
answer
medical term for elevated Ketones in the blood (often called ketoacidosis becaue acids accumulate in the blood and tissues - often patients iwth ketosis have a sweet of fruity ordor)
question
ketonuria
answer
medical term for condition of ketones in the urine
question
nephrolithiasis
answer
medical term for kidney stones (remal calculi)
question
hyponatremia
answer
medical term for low sodium in the blood
question
nocturia
answer
medical term for excessive urination at night
question
oliguria
answer
medical term for scanty (very little) urine
question
erythropoietin
answer
medical term for substance (hormone) that forms red blood cells (secreted by the kidney)
question
pyuria
answer
medical term for puss in the urine
question
lithotripsy
answer
medical term for crushing of stones
question
uremia
answer
medical term for urine in the blood
question
enuresis
answer
medical term for bed wetting (literally means condition of being in urine)
question
diuresis
answer
medical term meaning complete urination
question
antidiuretic hormone
answer
medical term for a hormone that prevents the formatin of urine (also called vasopressin)
question
urinary incontinence
answer
medical term meaning not able to hold urine
question
stress incontinence
answer
medical term - occurs with strain on the bladder opening during soughing or sneezing
question
urgency incontinence
answer
medical term - occurs with inability to hold back urination when feeling the urge to void
question
urinary retention
answer
medical term meaning unable to urinate
question
dysuria
answer
medical term meaning painful urination
question
anuria
answer
medical term meaning no urine (commonly caused by urinatry tract obstruction
question
hematuria
answer
medical term meanng blood in the urine
question
glycosuria
answer
medical term meaning sugar in the urine
question
polyuria
answer
medical term meaning excessive urination (often a sympton of diabetes )
question
glomerulonephritis
answer
medical condition - inflammatoin of the glomeruli within the kidney
question
polycystic kidney disease
answer
medical condition - multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within the kidney
question
pyelonephritis
answer
medical condition - inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
question
renal hypertension
answer
medical condition - high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
question
diabetes insipidus
answer
medical condition - antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect (linked to obesity)
question
diabetes mellitus
answer
medical condition - insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body
question
blood urea nitrogen
answer
test/procedure - measurement of urea levels in the blood
question
renal angiography
answer
test/procedure - x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney
question
cystoscopy
answer
test/procedure - direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)
question
hemodialysis (HD)
answer
test/procedure - uses an artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from the patients bloodstream, filters it, and returns the dialyzed blood to the patients body
question
peritoneal dialysis (PD)
answer
test/procedure - uses a peritoneal catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity
question
lithotripsy
answer
test/procedure - urinary tract stones are crushed
question
renal angioplasty
answer
test/procedure - dilatino of narrowed areas in renal arteries
question
renal biopsy
answer
test/procedure - removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examiniation
question
renal transplantation
answer
test/procedure - surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient
question
urinary catheterization
answer
test/procedure - passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
question
ADH
answer
abbreviation - antidiuretic hormone - vassopressin
question
BUN
answer
abbreviation - blood urea nitrogen
question
CRF
answer
abbreviation - chronic renal failure
question
cysto
answer
abbreviation - cystoscopic examination
question
HD
answer
abbreviation - hemodialysis
question
KUB
answer
abbreviation - kidney, ureter and bladder
question
PKD
answer
abbreviation - polycystic kidney disease
question
UA
answer
abbreviation - urinalysis
question
UTI
answer
abbreviation - urinary tract infection
question
cortex
answer
vocabuluary - outer region of an organ (cortical means PT the cortex)
question
catheter
answer
vocabulary - tube for injecting or removing fluids
question
creatinine
answer
vocabulary - nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
question
electrolyte
answer
vocabulary - chemical element that carries and electrical charge when dissolved in water (necessary for the functioning of muscles and nerves)
question
filtration
answer
vocabulary - process whereby some but not all substances pass through a filter
question
hilum
answer
vocabulary - depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
question
medulla
answer
vocabulary - inner region or an organ (medullary means PT to the medulla)
question
nephron
answer
vocabulary - combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption and secretion take place in the kidney
question
nitrogenous waste
answer
vocabulary - substance containing nitrogen ad excreted in urine
question
potassium (K+)
answer
vocabulary - electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood (potassium is essential for allowing muscle contraction and conduction of nervous impulses)
question
renal artery
answer
vocabulary - blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
question
renal pelvis
answer
vocabulary - central collecting region in the kidney
question
renal tubule
answer
vocabulary - microscopic tubes inthe kidney where urine if formed after filtration
question
renal vein
answer
vocabulary - blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart
question
renin
answer
vocabuary - hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure influencing narrowing of the blood vessels
question
sodium (Na+)
answer
vocabulary - electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for poper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity and other metabolic functions
question
uric acid
answer
vocabulary - nitrogenous wast excreted in the urine
question
urinary bladder
answer
vocabulary - hollow, muscular sac that holods and stores urine
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New