medical term chapter 10 – Flashcards
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The nervous system consist of ?
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brain, spinal cord and nerves
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The nervous system is responsible for ?
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coordinating all of the body's activities
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The nervous system receives information from ?
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sensory receptors
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The nervous system is divided into 2 systems
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1. central nervous system 2. peripheral nervous system
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The central nervous system consists of ??
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brain and spinal cord
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The Peripheral nervous system consists of ?
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nerves that carry electrical impulses between cns and all body organs
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Cells of the nervous system are called?
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neurons
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The point where one neuron meet another is called?
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synapse
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electrical impulses require the help of a chemical messenger called _____ to pass the gap between 2 neurons
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neurotransmitter
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Some neurons are covered by ?
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myelin
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neurons covered by myelin are called what??
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myelin sheath
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What is a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the nervous system
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neurology
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Who performs surgical procedures in the nervous system
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neurosurgeon
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Who treat the disorder of the nervous system?
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neurologist
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combining form for CEREBELLUM
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CEREBELL/0
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combining form for CEREBRUM
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CEREBR/O
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combining form for BRAIN
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ENCEPHAL/O, (brain) CEPHAL/O (head)
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combining form for medulla oblongata
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MEDULL/O
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combining form for MENINGES
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MENING/O
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combining form for spinal cord
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MYEL/O
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combining form for NERVE
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NEUR/O
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combining form for THALAMUS
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THALAM/O
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combining form for PONS
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PONT/O
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combining form for HEAD
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CEPHAL/O
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combining form for ELECTRICITY
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ELECTR/O
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combining form for BLOOD
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HEM/O OR HEMAT/O
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suffix for pain
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-algia
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suffix for weakness
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-asthenia
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suffix for hernia, protrusion
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-cele
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suffix for surgical removal
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-ectomy
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suffix for feeling, sensation
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-esthesia
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suffix for record
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-gram
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suffix for abnormal softening
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-malacia
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suffix for tumor
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-oma
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suffix for abnormal condition
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-osis
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suffix for surgical incision
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-otomy
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suffix for disease
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-pathy
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suffix for surgical repair
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-plasty
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suffix for process of recording
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-graphy
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suffix for inflammation
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-itis
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suffix for one who studies
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-ologist
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suffix for study of
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-ology
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suffix for paralysis
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-plegia
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suffix for surgical suturing
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-rrhaphy
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suffix for abnormal hardening
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-sclerosis
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suffix for development
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-trophic
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prefix for without
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a , an
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prefix for against
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anti-
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prefix for two
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di- bi-
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prefix for painful, difficult
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dys-
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prefix for half
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hemi-
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prefix for excessive
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hyper-
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prefix for one
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mono-
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prefix for many
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poly-
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prefix for four
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quadri-
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prefix for under
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sub-
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HERNIATION of brain tissue through gap in the skull
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ENCEPHALOCELE
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INFLAMMATION of brain
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ENCEPHALITIS
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HEADACHE
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CEPHALALGIA, CEPHALOPYNIA
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What are the 4 lobes of the cerebrum?
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frontal-skilled motor functions,memory & behavior parietal-receives & interprets nerve impulses from sensory receptors in tongue,skin,muscles temporal-hearing,smell,access new info occipital-controls eyesights
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pertaining to cerebrum and spine
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CEREBROSPINAL
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pertaining to cerebral blood vessels
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CEREBROVASCULAR
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cutting into thalamus
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THALAMOTOMY
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What are meninges
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3 layer protective sac around brain and spinal cord
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what are the names of the 3 layers of the meninges
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1. dura mater 2. arachnoid 3. pia matter
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INFLAMMATION of the meninges of brain and spinal cord
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MENINGITIS
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TUMOR of meninges
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MENINGIOMA
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HERNIATION of meninges
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MENINGOCELE
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RECORD of spinal cord
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MYELOGRAM
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PROCESS OF RECORDING spinal cord
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MYELOGRAPHY
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NERVE DISEASE
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NEUROPATHY
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SURGICAL REPAIR of nerves
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NEUROPLASTY
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SURGICAL SUTURING of severed nerve
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NEURORRHAPHY
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CUTTING into a nerve
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NEUROTOMY
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SEVERE BURING that follow a injury to a sensory nerve
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CAUSALGIA
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INFLAMMATION of a nerve causing pain through the thigh and leg
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SCIATICA
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suffix for paralysis
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-PLEGIA
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paralysis of one limb
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MONOPLEGIA
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paralysis of 2 limbs
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DIPLEGIA
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paralysis of 4 limbs
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QUADRIPLEGIA
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half paralysis
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HEMIPLEGIA
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nerve paralysis
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NEUROPLEGIA
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complete paralysis of lower half of body resulting from damage to spinal cord
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PARAPLEGIA
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suffix for speech
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-PHASIA
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without speech
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APHASIA
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difficult speech
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DYSPHASIA
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ANESTHESIOLOGIST
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physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agents
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ANESTHETIST
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medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia
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NEUROLOGIST
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physician who specializes in diagnosing & treating diseases and disorders of nervous system
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PSYCHIATRIST
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PHYSICIAN who treats mental illness
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PSYCHOLOGIST
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not a medical doctor , evaluates and treats mental illness
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MIGRAINE HEADACHE
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throbbing pain on one side of head
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HYDROCEPHALUS
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excess fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
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MENINGITIS
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inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
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COGNITION
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activities associated with thinking, learning and memory
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DEMENTIA
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slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, memory, thinking and judgement
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ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
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disorders involving parts of the brain memory and language
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PARKINSON'S DISEASE
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central nervous disorder , fine muscle tremors rigidity, slow shuffling gait
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CONCUSSION
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shaking up or jarring of the brain
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CEREBRAL CONTUSION
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bruising of brain
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TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
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blow to the head , penetrating head injury that damages the brain
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SYNCOPE
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fainting, decreased flow of blood to brain
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COMA
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state of unconsciousness, no response to pain stimuli & lack of speech
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INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
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pressure inside the skull
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CVA, STROKE
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damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted
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INSOMNIA
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inability to sleep
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NARCOLEPSY
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sleep disorder, sudden uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
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SOMNAMBULISM
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sleepwalking
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RADICUITIS
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pinched nerve,inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve
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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
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autoimmune disorder, scars the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves and disrupts the transmission of nerve impulses
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ALS (AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS)
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LOU GEHRIG'S DISEASE,rapid progressive attacks the nerve cells for voluntary muscles
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GUILLIAN-BARRE' SYNDROME
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infectious polyneuritis, rapidly worsening muscles weakness that can lead to tempory paralysis
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SCIATICA
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inflammation of the sciatic nerve
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TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
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severe lightning- like pain due to inflammation of the 5th crainial nerve (cheek, lips, gums)
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CEREBRAL PALSY
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poor muscle control due to damage that affects the cerebrum
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EEG
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ELECTROCENCEPHALOGRAPHY
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MYELOGRAPHY
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study of the spinal cord
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sedative
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depresses the central nervous system to produce cal and diminished responsiveness without sleep
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ANALGESIC
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pain reliever without sleep
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ANXIETY DISORDERS
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mental conditions , dread of everyday situations, fear
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GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
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chronic, excessive worrying
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OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
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REPETITIVE INTRUSIVE, distressing thoughts or impulses
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PANIC DISORDER
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fear of panic attacks
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PANIC ATTACK
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SUDDEN EXPERIENCE OF FEAR IN THE ABSENCE OF DANGER
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POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
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ptsd
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ACROPHOBIA
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FEAR OF HEIGHTS
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agoraphobia
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fear of environments, not able to leave home
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CLAUSTROPHOBIA
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fear of small places, enclosed
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SOCIAL PHOBIA
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FEAR of social situations
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adhd
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short attention span and impulsive behavior
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DYSLEXIA
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learning disability reading, inability of the brain to process symbols.
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AUTISM
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Significant developmental delays , speech language social relationships
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ASPERGER'S SYNDROME
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subgroup of autism
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DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER
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multiple personality disorder
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FACTITIOUS DISORDER
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artificial self induced or not naturally occurring
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BIPOLAR DISORDER
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Severe mood changes , ability to function
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MANIC BEHAVIOR
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inappropriate mood state, social behavior
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DEPRESSION
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common mood disorder by lethargy and sadness loss of interest in activities
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SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDER
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decrease in hours of daylight causing depression
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psychotic disorder
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LOSS OF CONTACT WITH REALITY
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CATATONIC BEHAVIOR
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lack of responsiveness , stupor, remain in a fixed postition
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DELUSION
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false personal belief that is maintained despite proof to the contrary
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HALLUCINATION
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sensory perception experienced n the absence of external stimulation
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SCHIZOPHRENIA
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withdrawn from reality, illogical patterns of thinking and acting
