Mastering Microbiology chapter 1 – Flashcards
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(looking at the pictures of the cheek cells fig. 1.4) The two large cells in this micrograph are classified as eukaryotic cells because...? A) they are stained a particular color. B) they do not have a cell wall. C) they have a nucleus. D) they are much larger than the other cells
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C) They have a nucleus
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a fungus? A) mushrooms B) molds C) algae D) yeasts
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C) Algae
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Microbiologists study parasitic worms because __________. A) they are microscopic as adults B) they usually contain bacteria and other microbes C) they cause diseases that are diagnosed by finding Microscopic eggs in clinical specimen D) they were not studied by early microbiologists
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C) they cause diseases that are diagnosed by finding Microscopic eggs in clinical specimen
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Which of the following is a true statement concerning bacteria and archaea? A) Bacteria are often found in sufficiently dry environments. B) Bacteria and archaea have identical types of cell walls. C) No archaea are known to cause disease in humans. D) Bacteria reproduce asexually, while archaea reproduce sexually.
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C) No archaea are known to cause disease in humans.
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What was Leeuwenhoek's contribution to the science of microbiology? A) He developed the vaccine for smallpox. B) He developed the first microscope. C) He did experiments supporting the idea of spontaneous generation. D) He discovered some of the ways in which microbes can be transmitted between individuals.
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B) He developed the first microscope.
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How are the bacteria and the archaea different from all the other cellular microbes? A) They reproduce asexually. B) They have no nucleus. C) They can move. D) They have cell walls.
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B) They have no nucleus.
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A microorganism has the following characteristics: eukaryotic, multicellular, has cell walls, and grows in long filaments. What is its general classification? A) parasitic worm B) fungus C) bacterium D) protozoan
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B) fungus
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Modern biologists had to revise Linnaeus's system of taxonomy because __________. A) he thought all organisms spontaneously generated B) he did not know that some organisms reproduce asexually C) he only classified organisms found in Sweden D) he grouped all organisms into only two categories
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D) he grouped all organisms into only two categories
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A cell that contains a nucleus is called a(n) __________ cell.
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eukaryotic
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________ is an asexual method of reproduction associated with yeasts.
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budding
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first person in history to A) use a magnifying glass. B) prove the germ theory. C) develop a taxonomic system. D) view protozoa and bacteria. E) disprove spontaneous generation
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D) view protozoa and bacteria
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The microbes commonly known as ________ are single-celled eukaryotes that are generally motile. A) protozoa B) archaea C) fungi D) viruses E) bacteria
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A) protozoa
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Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE? A) the group includes seaweeds and kelps. B) they provide most of the oxygen on Earth. C) they are important in the degradation of dead plants and animals. D) they are photosynthetic organisms. E) they are a source of food for aquatic and marine animals.
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C) they are important in the degradation of dead plants and animals.
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Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE? A) yeast are unicellular. B) fungi have a cell wall. C) fungi are photosynthetic. D) fungi are eukaryotes. E) molds form hyphae
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C) fungi are photosynthetic.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses? A) they are smaller than prokaryotic cells. B) they are composed of genetic material and protein. C) they are acellular. D) they are visible with a light microscope. E) they are obligatory parasites
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D) they are visible with a light microscope.
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an example of which of the following types of microbes? A) virus B) prokaryote C) protozoan D) fungus E) algae
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D) fungus
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of protozoa? A) they are eukaryotic organisms. B) they frequently possess cilia or flagella. C) they are single-celled organisms. D) they are the microbes most similar to plants. E) most exhibit asexual reproduction.
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D) they are the microbes most similar to plants.
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Which of the following scientists was the first to develop a taxonomic system for classifying organisms? A) Linnaeus B) Lister C) Pasteur D) Leeuwenhoek E) Needham
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A
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Which of the following is an incorrect pairing? A) prokaryotes: no nuclei B) fungi: cell walls C) algae: aquatic and marine habitats D) protozoa: multicellular E) viruses: acellular parasites
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D
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Microorganisms characterized by the absence of a nucleus are called: A) prokaryotes. B) pathogens. C) fungi. D) eukaryotes. E) viruses.
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A
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Whose experiments seemingly proved the existence of a "life force"? A) Needham B) Redi C) Spallanzani D) Pasteur
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A
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Which of the following is an incorrect pairing? A) Jenner: smallpox B) Gram: cholera C) Koch: anthrax D) Ehrlich: syphilis
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B
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Put the following steps of Koch's postulates in order: a. The suspected infectious agent must be isolated and grown outside the host. b. The suspected infectious agent causes the disease when it is introduced to a healthy, susceptible animal. c. The suspected infectious agent must be found in every case of the disease. d. The suspected infectious agent must be found in the diseased experimental host. A) c, b, a, d B) a, d, c, b C) d, b, c, a D) c, a, b, d
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D
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What did the work of Lister and Ehrlich have in common? A) They both explored the use of chemicals in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. B) They both examined the role of microbes in fermentation. C) They both discovered the bacterial causes of important infectious diseases. D) They both demonstrated the importance of cleanliness in the prevention of disease.
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A
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All of the following individuals showed that cleanliness played a role in human disease EXCEPT __________. A) Semmelweis B) Lister C) Nightingale D) Jenner
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D
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Which of the following scientists showed that fermentation does not require living cells? A) Pasteur B) Gram C) Buchner D) Koch
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C
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Koch's work involving anthrax was significant because it was the first time __________. A) a bacterium had been proven to cause a disease B) anthrax had been discovered in humans C) bacteria had been seen in a microscope D) bacteria had been grown in a laboratory
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A
