Mastering AP Ch. 19 Blood – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Consists of plasma (46-63%) and formed elements (37-54%)
answer
Blood
question
Consists of: plasma proteins (7%) other solutes (1%) Water (92%)
answer
Plasma
question
Consists of: Platelets (.1%) White blood cells (.1%) Red Blood cells (99.9%)
answer
Formed elements
question
Plasma makes up approximately what percentage of whole blood?
answer
55 percent
question
EXCEPT for the amount of __________, plasma and interstitial fluid differ little in composition.
answer
Protein
question
Red blood cells carry __________ to the lungs and __________ to the tissues
answer
Carbon dioxide; oxygen
question
A triglyceride + globulin complex is termed a(n) __________.
answer
Lipopprotein
question
The most abundant plasma protein is __________.
answer
Albumin
question
What binds to this structure on the hemoglobin molecule? (heme group)
answer
Oxygen
question
What is the role of transferrin in the cycle shown above?
answer
It transports iron ions in the plasma.
question
The site of red blood cell production in an adult is the __________.
answer
red bone marrow
question
Which of the following does NOT describe the cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?
answer
Fetal red blood cell exposure causes an autoimmune response in the mother.
question
In which of the following scenarios is HDN likely to develop without medical treatment?
answer
An Rh- mother gives birth to her first child, who is Rh+, and then becomes pregnant with her second child, who is Rh+. An Rh- mother gives birth to her first child, who is Rh-, and to her second child, who is Rh+, and then becomes pregnant with her third child, who is Rh+
question
How does RhoGAM prevent HDN?
answer
RhoGAM prevents the mother's immune system from actively producing antibodies against fetal Rh antigens by destroying fetal red blood cells that cross the placenta during delivery.
question
The antibodies that attack antigens on foreign RBCs are called __________.
answer
aggluntinins
question
People with type O blood are considered "universal donors" for transfusions because __________.
answer
their red blood cells lack A and B surface antigens
question
Suzie was sewing when she accidently punctured her finger with the needle. Several days later, it is filled with pus. Which statement provides an explanation of how the WBCs were able to populate that wound?
answer
WBCs demonstrate all of the listed properties, allowing them to locate the wound.
question
If a patient has thrombocytopenia, the best therapy is infusion of __________.
answer
purified platelets
question
Once platelets arrive at the site of injury, they secrete chemicals to promote the clotting process. Hemophiliacs lack clotting factor VIII or IX. Which of the following would be the most likely hypothesis to best describe the underlying problem with their condition?
answer
Lack of clotting factors VIII and IX results in a deficiency in factor X production. Thus, this deficit in the intrinsic pathway leads to compromised blood clotting.
question
Most of the plasma proteins required in the coagulation process are produced by __________.
answer
the liver
question
The common pathway in coagulation ends with __________.
answer
conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin
question
RBC, WBC, and platelets all constitute what part of whole blood?
answer
formed elements
question
What other common blood test would have provided information about the level of formed elements a person has?
answer
hematocrit
question
The hematologist performs a bone marrow biopsy by inserting a large bore needle into the red bone marrow of Jasmine's posterior iliac crest and extracting cells. Jasmine's red bone marrow shows very little hemopoiesis and virtually no hemocytoblasts, myeloid stem cells, or lymphoid stem cells. What would happen if Jasmine received a shot of erythropoietin?
answer
The erythropoietin would have little effect on Jasmine's blood cell production.
question
The hematologist diagnoses Jasmine with aplastic anemia, a serious red bone marrow failure. Jasmine's hemopoietic marrow was replaced by adipose tissue, and no red cells, white cells, or platelets are being produced. To produce platelets, myeloid stem cells have to differentiate into what kind of cell?
answer
megakaryocyte
