Management Exam 2 HW Questions – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
When this is one of your beliefs, you assume that all of the people who share one characteristic (such as age or nationality) also share other characteristics (such as ability to learn or trustworthiness)
answer
Stereotype
question
If an organization has this type of culture, you should anticipate that people will do things a certain way, and you will have to do things that way too
answer
Monoculture
question
This affected Manuela when she did poorly on her math test. She was aware of a common belief that Hispanic women were not good at math. This assumption affected her math performance
answer
Stereotype Threat
question
These groups provide support for members of a particular group; for example, McDonald's has a Women's Leadership Network that empowers women throughout the organization
answer
Employee Affinity Groups
question
The Traditional Model of Diversity defines diversity in:
answer
A Narrow Way
question
For managers, the Traditional Model of Diversity emphasizes:
answer
Creating new opportunities for certain classes of employees, especially those protected by law
question
"Why don't women have the mechanical skills to take care of their own cars" is a form of what kind of bias?
answer
Stereotyping
question
"I am from Japan where all guns are banned and our crime rate is among the lowest in the world. Why can't Americans do what we do" is a form of what kind of bias?
answer
Ethnocentrism
question
"My boss told me I couldn't go to the company ski trip because I am too fat" is a form of what kind of bias?
answer
Discrimination
question
What kind of culture allows companies to expect to have leaders with a broader understanding of the business environment?
answer
A Pluralistic Culture
question
If your coworker put nude images of men up on her desk and didn't take them down even when your manager asked her to, what kind of charges could she face?
answer
Hostile Work Environment charges
question
"Be my valentine or spend some time in the unemployment line" is an example of what kind of sexual harassment?
answer
Quid Pro Quo
question
What are the natural talents reinforced through learning and practice that the best leaders use?
answer
Strengths
question
This type of leadership, often exhibited by women, is a consensual and collaborative process:
answer
Interactive Leadership
question
These are the personality features - including self-confidence, honesty, enthusiasm, desire to lead, and independence - that formed the basis of the earliest attempts to distinguish leaders from non-leaders:
answer
Traits
question
Also known as the Hersey-Blanchard model, this theory suggests that effective leaders use different approaches depending on the readiness of their followers:
answer
Situational Theory
question
This type of leader actually changes followers, helping them to achieve more than they thought possible:
answer
Transformational Leader
question
A follower with this style can be seen as lazy; he or she does nothing beyond what is required and avoids added responsibility:
answer
Passive Follower
question
This type of power comes from a position, such as the power of a colonel's rank in the army gives him over a sergeant:
answer
Legitimate Power
question
Studies done at __________ centered on leadership effectiveness, finding that __________ leaders were the least productive because they focused on schedules and efficiency rather than on goals and people:
answer
University of Michigan; Job-Centered
question
According to the __________ model, a leader can adopt one of the four leadership styles based on a combination of relationship (concern for people) and task (concern for production) behaviors. The appropriate style depends on the readiness level of the followers. A followers readiness is based off of his or her _______ and _______ to do the work:
answer
Situational; Ability, Willingness
question
In the _________ leadership style, the leader shares ideas with subordinates, gives them a chance to participate, and facilitates decision making:
answer
Supporting
question
The __________ leadership styles work for followers at moderate readiness levels:
answer
Coaching and Supporting
question
According to Fielder's Contingency Theory of Leadership, leader behaviors are __________ to change, and ________ leaders perform best in intermediately favorable situations:
answer
Difficult; People-Oriented
question
Jeffery has 20 years of management experience and can answer any question. Because he is one of the most knowledgeable managers in the company, people naturally follow his advice when making complicated decisions. What kind of power does this show?
answer
Expert
question
A manager presents a report to a CEO outlining projected sales for a new store location. This is an example of what type of Influence Principal?
answer
Use rational persuasion
question
On reality shows like SURVIVOR, people win by making agreements with other contestants who support their goals. This is an example of what type of Influence Principal?
answer
Develop Allies
question
When discussing influence tactics with your managers, you should tell them that:
answer
The best managers use a variety of influence tactics
question
What do Servant Leaders and Level 5 Executives have in common?
answer
Both types of leaders have humility as a core personal characteristic
question
This type of reward comes from an outside source:
answer
Extrinsic Reward
question
According to Herzberg, these factors, such as recognition and opportunity for growth, satisfy employees when they are present, but when they are absent, employees have neutral levels of satisfaction
answer
Motivators
question
This term refers to a person's belief that doing well on the job will result in rewards:
answer
P-->O Expectancy
question
According to this theory, people are motivated by the consequences of their actions:
answer
Reinforcement Theory
question
This model of motivation suggests that employees are more motivated when they do different things on the job, have a complete piece of work to do, make their own decisions about how to do their work, and receive feedback on the work they have done:
answer
Job Characteristics Model
question
In order for this to occur, managers must create an environment in which each person can contribute according to his or her own unique skills:
answer
Engagement
question
As Secretary of State, Hilary Clinton wanted to change the behavior of nations. Her bid for the 2008 presidency was based in part of her desires to lead others. This is an example of a High Need for:
answer
Power
question
Andrew, your manager, wants everyone to like him, so he brings lunch for everyone on Fridays. This is an example of a High Need for:
answer
Affiliation
question
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory and Alderfer's ERG Theory propose similar types of need categories:
answer
TRUE
question
In McClelland's Acquired Needs Model, the need for achievement is essentially the same thing as Maslow's esteem needs:
answer
FALSE
question
According to the _________ principle in the ________ theory of motivation, when employees cannot meet higher-order needs, they drop back to lower-order needs:
answer
Frustration-Regression; ERG
question
What refers to information people receive about how well they are doing on reaching a goal?
answer
Feedback
question
Lyle's manager just handed him a list of goals for the year. Because Lyle had no say in setting these goals, he isn't sure that they are the right ones for him, and as a result, he isn't very motivated in accomplishing them. This shows a problem with:
answer
Goal Acceptance
question
Vonda is frustrated with her manager, Glenda. Last week when Vonda asked about Glenda's expectations, Glenda said, "Just do your best." But Vonda doesn't know exactly what to do, and as a result, she isn't very motivated. This shows a problem with:
answer
Goal Specificity
question
When students create detailed strategies for achieving their goals, they were increasing _______:
answer
Goal Specificity
question
_________ is a process used to change behaviors, while the term ________ refers to a consequence that causes the behavior to change.
answer
Behavior Modification; Reward
question
A baker who designs, bakes, and frosts her own cakes is high on this dimension, but the assembly line worker who installs door handles all day is low:
answer
Task Identity
question
The student who is always eager to learn is high on this dimension, where as the person who is content with fewer challenges in life is probably low:
answer
Growth-Need Strength
question
Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model is similar to the job design strategy of _________.
answer
Job Enforcement
question
A person with low growth-need strength will be _____ likely to be motivated by increased feedback and autonomy.
answer
LESS
question
Elena's work group just completed a difficult task. As a reward, the group's manager scheduled a group ski trip to celebrate their accomplishments. This is an example of what kind of Compensation Program?
answer
Team-based Compensation
question
At OhioHealth, managers observed that too many employees were overweight, so they started a new program. Employees who wanted them received pedometers to measure how far they walked each day. Those employees who walked the most got cash rewards of up to $500. This is an example of what kind of Compensation Program?
answer
Lifestyle Awards
question
Carla just received her annual performance review. Because Carla had the highest productivity of anyone in her department, she will get the largest raise this year. This is an example of what kind of Compensation Program?
answer
Pay for Performance
question
When the U.S. Department of Defense identifies a department were efficiency has increased over prior years and work quality has remained the same or gotten better, everyone in the department is rewarded based on how much money they have saved the agency. This is an example of what kind of Compensation Program?
answer
Group Sharing
question
When John, one of the owners of Flight 001, asks his employees what products are selling and what ideas they have, he is increasing:
answer
The power employees have to make their own decisions
question
What is an advantage of the New Social Contract?
answer
It gives the company more flexibility in handling employees
question
This type of employee is someone who does work for an organization on a temporary or part-time bases:
answer
Contingent Worker
question
This is the art of determining how many and what types of future employees will be needed by the organization; the goal is to have to right people in the right place at the right time:
answer
Human Resource Planning
question
This is a document that contains information about the duties, responsibilities, and outcomes associated with a specific job:
answer
Job Description
question
This is the process of choosing an employee from a pool of applicants:
answer
Selection
question
This selection tool has applicants demonstrate how they would do a part of the job for which they are applying:
answer
Work Sample Test
question
Designed to collect information about the causes of turnover, this interview is typically done when an employee leaves an organization voluntarily:
answer
Exit Interview
question
In this process, employees are by coworkers, bosses, subordinates, and themselves. The evaluations are combined to give information that can be used to make improvements:
answer
360-Degree Feedback
question
This technique enables managers to determine what jobs are worth on the open market - it collects information on what other companies are paying for a particular type of work:
answer
Wage and Salary Surveys
question
The ultimate outcome of Strategic Human Resource Management is to __________.
answer
Improve Business Results
question
This law requires that employers provide "reasonable accommodations" for people with disabilities:
answer
Americans With Disabilities Act
question
This law requires that employers allow terminated employees to stay on a group health plan at the expense of the employee for up to 18 months after leaving the company:
answer
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
question
This law allows employees to switch health coverage plans when changing jobs, regardless of preexisting health conditions. It also prohibits group health insurance plans from dropping sick employees:
answer
Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act
question
What kind of test should you use if you want to determine how intelligent an applicant is?
answer
A Cognitive Abilities Test
question
Traditional Performance Reviews can lead to _______.
answer
"Grade Inflation"
question
Errors, such as stereotyping, are _____ likely to occur when managers evaluate employees based on the possession of specific traits and characteristics.
answer
MORE
question
The Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale Performance Appraisal System tries to improve performance rating systems by forcing managers to:
answer
Rate employees based on their actions, not their traits
question
A manager who compares sells results with sales goals is using this process to determine what changes to make in future activities or goals:
answer
Organizational Control
question
In this type of budgeting system, senior managers get information about needed funds from junior managers and staff members:
answer
Bottom-Up Budgeting
question
This ratio shows how many times a company can pay off its current liabilities with cash or near-cash assets it currently has on hand:
answer
Liquidity Ratio
question
This form of control relies on disseminating financial information to everyone in the organization, under the assumption that people will do what is best for the company if they know how the company is doing:
answer
Open-Book Management
question
At first, employees were suspicious of the quality improvement process because quality control employees were seen as outsiders. But with this process, people from quality work directly with line employees and together, they look for ways to improve quality throughout the work process:
answer
Quality Partnering
question
Also known as "Kaizen," this concept refers to the idea that quality gets better in small, incremental steps, not big leaps:
answer
Continuous Improvement
question
The CEO of Kraft compares the sales figures for Oreos in China against the sales figures for Oreos in the U.S., and she concludes that the original Oreo cookie may not work in China. This is an example of what step in the Feedback Control Process:
answer
Compare Performance and Standards
question
In 1996, hoping to gain a substantial piece of the Chinese cookie market, Kraft Foods introduced the traditional Oreo cookie in China. This is an example of what step in the Feedback Control Process:
answer
Establish Standards
question
Employee satisfaction is a common ____________ performance measure:
answer
Learning and Growth
question
The purpose of cascading the balanced score card throughout the organization is:
answer
To help all employees think about, discuss, and implement the corporate strategy
question
If the owners of a company decide to redecorate an entire location, they will need to create a __________ budget to determine whether the investment is worth the cost.
answer
a Capitol budget
question
You are the owner Rock Gardens, a small business specializing in oriental gardens. Last week, you found out that the owner of Heavenly Bamboo is looking for a buyer for her business. In order for the deal to go through, you need to compare the owner's current _______ and liabilities by looking at her ________. But because you also want to see the company's __________, or net income, for a one-year period, you also ask to see her ____________. Finally, you calculate her _________ to determine whether the business is getting the right level of sales based on the way they use their assets.
answer
Assets; Balance Sheet; Bottom Line; Income Statement; Activity Ratio
question
What ratio would you use to answer the question, "On what percentage of our company's assets do we owe money?"
answer
Debt Ratio
question
What ratio would you use to answer the question, "Can we pay back our creditors with the assets we have on hand?"
answer
Current Ratio
question
What ratio would you use to answer the question, "Is our company fully using the resources it owns to generate profits?"
answer
Return on Assets Ratio
question
What ratio would you use to answer the question, "When we contact a potential customer via a cold call, how likely are they to purchase our product?"
answer
Conversion Ratio
question
This discipline is based on a 5-step methodology referred to as DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control), which provides a structured way for organizations to approach and solve problems. This is an example of which TQM Technique?
answer
Six Sigma
question
Xerox studied the order fulfillment techniques of L.L. Bean, the Freeport, Maine, mail-order firm, and learned ways to reduce warehouse costs by 10%. This is an example of which TQM Technique?
answer
Benchmarking
question
At Land Rover, voluntary groups of 4-12 employees met weekly to identify cost savings, improve product quality, and discuss work-related problems. Although the teams were later phased out, their work was, in part, responsible for almost doubling production at Land Rover from 1993 to 1996. This is an example of which TQM Technique?
answer
Quality Circle
