Myoglobinuria, Phenylalanine, Ischemia, Enzymatic Reaction
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Myoglobinuria
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Abnormal presence of a hemoglobin-like chemical of muscle tissue in urine as the result of muscle deterioration.
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Phenylalanine
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Essential amino acid found in milk, eggs, and other foods.
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Ischemia
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Decreased blood flow to a body part or organ caused by constriction or plugging of the supplying artery.
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Enzymatic reaction
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Chemical reaction controlled by an enzyme.
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Polymorphonuclear
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White blood cells; leukocytes that have segmented nuclei; also known as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) or segmented neutrophils.
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Glycosuria
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Presence of glucose in the urine.
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Mononuclear
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White blood cells; leukocytes that have unsegmented nuclei; monocytes and lymphocites in particular.
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Refractile
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Causing light to refract, creating a sharp boundary or image.
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Renal thresholds
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Level above which a substance cannot be reabsorbed by the renal tubules and therefore is excreted in the urine.
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Filtrate
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Fluid that remains after a liquid is passed through a membranous filter.
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Urinometer
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A sealed glass float with a calibrated paper scale in its stem. With a slight spinning motion, it is placed in a cylinder containing a urine sample, and the value is read at the meniscus of the urine.
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Dipsticks
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Strips used to test the specific gravity of urine.
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Refractometer
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Device that measures the Refraction of light through solids in a liquid.
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Clinitest
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Glucose test on a reagent strip. A tablet is dropped into a test tube of urine, and the color of the tube's contents is compared with a chart.
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Acetest
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Reagent tablets used to test for fat metabolism byproducts.
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hCG
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Substance detected by all pregnancy tests.
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
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Increased=s in the concentration of urine shortly before ovulation.
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Amorphous / Crystals
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Shape of urates or phosphates that settle out of unrefrigerated urine samples.`
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Cultured Sensitivity (C&S)
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Procedure performed in the microbiology laboratory in which a specimen is cultured on artificial media to detect bacterial or fungal growth, followed by appropriate screening for antibiotic sensitivity.
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Bilrubinunia
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Medical term for a urine sample with a persistent greenish yellow foam that may indicate the patient has viral hepatitis.
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Gold standard
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Definitive diagnostic test to which all others are compared.
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Casts
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Protein that has taken on the size and shape of the renal tubules that is washed in to the urine.
