JFO Test – Flashcard
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JFO
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A trained and certified Service member who can request, adjust, and control surface-to-surface fires, provide targeting information in support of Type 2 and 3 CAS, and perform TGO.
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Multi National Doctrine
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Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of 2 or more nations in a coordinated action toward a common objective;
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Joint Doctrine
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Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of two or more services of the same nation in coordinated action toward a common objective
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Multi Service doctrine
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Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of 2 or more services in coordinated action toward a common objective
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Type 1 Control
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JTAC must visually acquire attacking A/C and target; analyze the nose position and geometry
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Advantages of Type 1
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JTAC can better asses where ordnance will impact thus able to provide real-time abort; reduces fratricide; preferred for TIC
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Disadvantages of Type 1
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JTAC has to be positioned in the right place and time; limits battlespace employment of CAS
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Type 2 Control
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JTAC/FAC(A) desires control of individual attacks; can get timely and accurate targeting data (anyone on the ground can provide) and any or all the following exist: - unable to acquire A/C - unable to acquire TGT - attacking A/C unable to acquire mark/target prior to weapons release
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Advantages of Type 2
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JTAC/FAC(A) not required to see A/C Flexible; able to get targeting data from others while maintaining control of weapons release
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Disadvantages of Type 2
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- TGT verification is difficult - requires good comms and planning
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Type 3 Control
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JTAC/FAC(A) requires ability to provide clearance for multiple attacks w/in a single engagement subject to specific attack restrictions "blanket clearance" All targeting data must be coordinated through commander's battle staff
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Advantages of Type 3
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JTAC not req to control each attack; reduces comms reqs and expedites process
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Disadvantages of type 3
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limited safeguards to preventing fratricide
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TACP
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The TACP is the principal Air Force liaison unit collocated with Army maneuver units from BN through corps 2 components: ALO - Liaison; senior TACP member; advises ground commander on air assets JTAC - Controls
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ASOC
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Air Support Operations Center - the primary control agency component of the TACS for the execution of CAS. Coordinates and directs air support for Army or joint force land component operations. Monitors the JARN
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JARN
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Joint Air Request Net
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AOC
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Air Force air operations center (AOC), which is the senior element of the TACS. Provides C2 of Air Force air and space operations and coordinates with other components and Services. - Provides ATO, Airspace control, senior deployable echelon
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ATO
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The ATO contains the JFACC's plan for providing the air support required in the OPLAN/OPORD.
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BCD
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Battlefield Coordination Detachment - The BCD processes Army requests for air support and monitors and interprets the land battle situation. (Army liaison) - 1972 ends up here
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GLO
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primary ground officer assigned to air commander's staffs, such as fighter wings, air operations centers, and related HQ. They provide expert advice, information, and interface on all matters pertaining to ground operations to enable more effective air planning in support of ground operations.
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Sortie
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single aircraft takeoff to full stop
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Authenticate
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coded challenge or a response to one
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As Fragged
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Unit or asset will be performing exactly as stated by the ATO/ITO
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Words
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request further information or directives pertinent to the mission
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Details
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request for modified 9-line
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Blind
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no visual on contact w/friendly
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Contact
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acknowledges sighting of specified reference
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Captured
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sensor contact at the stated position
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Cleared Hot
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Type 1 & 2 CAS terminal control clearance to release ordnance
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Cleared to engage
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Type 3 CAS terminal control clearance
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In
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turning toward known threat
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Rifle
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Friendly A-S missile launch
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Ripple
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2 or more munitions in close succesion
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Thunder
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1 minute until A-S weapons impact
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Shooter
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AC designated to employ ordnance
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Push
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switch to designated frequency
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AF fixed wing CAS
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- A-10 - F15E - F16 - B1 - B52
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USMC/NACY Fixed wing
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- F18 - AV-8B
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A/OA-10 (Thunderbolt II)
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30mm, Mk-82, GBU-12, GBU-51, 2xAGM-65 (Maverick), 7x2.75" rockets - long loiter time - smallest turn radius - susceptible to SAMs
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F-15E Strike Eagle
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20mm, 4xGBU12, 6xMk82, 2xGBU38, 2xGBU31 & 39 - CAS is not primary role - Good for A-A - long loiter time, and combat radius, large payload, targeting pod and sensors
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F-16C Fighting Falcon
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4xGBU12, 20mm - regularly used for CAS - capable of self-designating targets - fast - datalink capabilty - flexible with weather
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F18 Hornet
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CAS comparable to F-16
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AV-8B Harrier
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V/STOL - can operate very close to FLOT - small payload, short loiter time - vulnerable to A-A assets
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B-1 Lancer
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48,000 LBS of Ordnance - coordinate dependent, dont perform pilot visual bombing - All talkons to the WSO who will designate the target
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B-52 Stratofortress
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High altitude employment - visual acquisition is impractical
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FSCL
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facilitate the expeditious engagement of targets of opportunity beyond the coordinating measure. A line beyond which conventional, indirect, surface fire support means may fire at any time within the boundaries of the establishing HQ without additional coordination. Applies to all fires of air, land, and sea-based weapon systems using any type of munition against surface targets.
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ACA
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Three-dimensional block of airspace in a target area, established by the appropriate ground commander, in which friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires.
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FFA
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specific designated area into which any weapon system may fire without additional coordination with the establishing HQ.
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NFA
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A land area designated by the appropriate commander into which fires or their effects are prohibited.
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RFA
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An area in which specific restrictions are imposed and into which fires (or the effects of fires) that exceed those restrictions will not be delivered without coordination with the establishing HQ.
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Sparkle
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JTAC marks the TGT w/IR pointer
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Summit
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MAXORD for NSFS
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NSFS limitations
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- Fixing ship's position - Defilade TGTs - Range dispersion - Hydrography (may force ships to operate in undesirable conditions) - Changing GTL - Magazine Capacity - Comms
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IAM
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GBU-39: small diameter bomb; extended range (40+nm); all weather day or night 250 lb GM
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AC 130
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H - 1 x 40mm, 1 x 105mm U - 1 x 25mm, 1 x 40mm, 1x 105mm
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AC 130; 5-line
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1) OBS WARNO 2) Friendly LOC (TRP, Grid) marked by (beacon, IR strobe) 3) TGT Loc 4) TGT description/mark 5) Remarks
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FAC(A)
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specifically trained and qualified aviation officer who exercises control from the air of aircraft and indirect fires engaged in close air support of ground troops. - F-18 Hornet - AH-1W "Cobra" - UH-1N "Huey" - AV-8B - A-10 - F-16
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4 areas of Urban Environment
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1) Airspace: "Urban Canyon" - 2) Surface Areas: streets, roads, parks, and fields 3) Superface Areas: roofs and upper floors; 4) Subsurface Areas: sewer, drainage
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OH-58D Kiowa
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Army recon - Hellfire, STINGER, 2.75" HYDRA, 50 cal machine gun
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AH-64D APACHE
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30mm, Hellfire, 2.75"
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AH-6 Little bird
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two seven tube 2.75" rocket launchers 2 X 7.62mm GAU-19 .50cal and/or Hellfire
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MH-60L DAP
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Direct Action Penetrator - 30mm chain gun - 4 Hellfires and 2.75" rockets - 40mm grenade launcher
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AH-1Z super cobra
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20mm turret gun TOW Hellfire Sidewinder 5" or 2.75" rockets
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UH 1Y Super Huey
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70mm rockets M-240D GAU 16&17A
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Hellfire
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AGM 114K
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Aircraft Weapons
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20mm - M61 Vulcan Cannon 25mm - GAU-12 30mm - GAU-8 Avenger gatling gun 40mm - M2A1 cannon 105mm - M102 cannon
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Rockets
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2.75" HYDRA 70 5" Zuni
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GP Bombs
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Mk-82 500lb Mk-83 1000lb Mk-84 2000lb M-117 750lb
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JDAM
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GBU-38: 500 GBU-32: 1000 GBU-31 A/B: 2000
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Laser Guided Bomb
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GBU-16: Mk 83 1000lb GBU-12: Mk-82 500lb GBU-10: Mk-84 2000lb
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Strategic ADA
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designed to protect large amounts of airspace; deny/defeat enemy AC ability to range key infrastructures
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Tactical ADA
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designed to protect smaller areas; deny attack of localized infrastructures
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Point defense
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short range designed to protect single point, or small area
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Area defense
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medium range weapons; designed to protect relatively large areas
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Podium effect
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angular target may not be able to catch the reflection
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Attenuation
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dust or water in the air scatter laser energy
