Intro to Sociology, Ch. 15 & 16 – Flashcards
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The median (middle case) age of the U.S. population currently is about:
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36 years.
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Which of the following statements about the living arrangements of the elderly in the United States is correct?
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Most men live with spouses; women are about equally likely to live with a spouse or to live alone.
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The share of the elderly population is increasing quickly in:
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the world's high-income nations.
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Today, in the United States, what percentage of people dies after reaching the age of fifty-five?
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85 percent
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What effect did industrialization have on life expectancy in the United States and Western Europe?
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Life expectancy went up about thirty years.
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The right-to-die debate is mostly about:
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how much control people have over their own death.
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Compared to disengagement theory's focus on _____; activity theory has more of a focus on _____.
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the operation of society; the needs of elders themselves
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The main point of disengagement theory is that:
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society remains orderly by disengaging aging people from positions of responsibility.
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The concept "gerontocracy" refers to a society in which:
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the oldest people have the most wealth, power, and prestige.
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Since 1960, the poverty rate among the U.S. elderly:
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has dropped sharply.
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Poverty rates among African American and Hispanic elders in the United States are:
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two to three times higher than among elderly, non-Hispanic whites.
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In the United States about what share of the population aged sixteen and older is in the paid labor force?
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two-thirds
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The postindustrial economy is defined by:
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service work and computer technology.
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Which of the following statements about the Information Revolution is NOT correct?
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There was a shift from farming to turning raw materials into products.
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Which category of the U.S. population is showing the greatest labor-force increase in terms of percentage?
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Hispanic women
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Modernization theorists see large corporations as:
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unleashing the productive power of capitalism to speed development in poor nations.
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The concept "primary labor market" refers to:
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jobs that provide extensive benefits to workers.
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In the United States, about what percentage of the labor force performs tertiary sector work?
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78 percent
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By about 1950, most of the people in the U.S. labor force had which type of job?
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white-collar
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Read the four descriptions below. Which of them DOES NOT apply to a profession?
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working for a large, well-established company
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The Industrial Revolution was based on:
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new sources of energy.
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Which of the following would be included in the operation of the underground economy?
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a taxi driver who fails to report most of her income
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A conglomerate is:
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a giant corporation composed of many smaller corporations.
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The concept "oligopoly" refers to:
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domination of a market by a few producers.
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Which of the following concepts refers to a political and economic system that combines a mostly market-based economy with extensive social welfare programs?
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welfare capitalism
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