Interpersonal Processes Final – Flashcards
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The tendency to seek and attend to information that conforms to an existing self concept has been labeled
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Cognitive conservatism
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Some of the social needs we strive to fulfill by communicating are
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Control and affection
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Noise in the communication process is
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Any force that interferes with effective communication
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According to your text, "ego-boosters and busters" are
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People or words that influence the self-concept positively or negatively
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Almost all messages have
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Both content and relational dimensions
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An interpersonal relationship differs from an interpersonal one because
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All of the choices are correct
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The relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself is called your
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Self-concept
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The communication strategies people use to influence how others view them is the process of
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Identity management
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The environments that communicators occupy are
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Fields of experience that affect how they understand others' behavior
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The kind of person you believe yourself to be is called the
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Perceived self
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Identity and communication are related in that we
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Gain an idea of who we are from the way others communicate with us
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When you pay attention to your behavior in relationships, you are
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Self-monitoring
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According to Chapter One, all of the following are the attributes needed to communicate successfully with people from different cultures except
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Friendliness
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Explain how communication is irreversible
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Essay
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It is always clear what emotion someone is experiencing if you closely observe his nonverbal behavior
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False
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Over-expression of emotion may create physiological ailments as much as under-expression of emotion
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True
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Social rules discourage too much expression of negative emotion, but there are really no social limits to expressing positive emotions
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False
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*Sympathy is the ability to experience the world from another person's point of view
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False
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In perceiving others, we usually blame their problems on their personal qualities rather than on factors outside them
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True
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Total empathy is impossible to achieve
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True
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*When you believe that satisfaction in life is determined by forces beyond your control, you are falling for the fallacy of
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Helplessness
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Self-talk
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All of these choices are correct
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Which one of the following is a better way of expressing emotion in the statement: You're making me nervous"?
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Say, "I feel nervous when you drive over the speed limit"
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Two things that distinguish facilitative feelings from deliberative ones are
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intensity and duration
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Which of the following is an example of falling for the fallacy of causation?
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"People at parties make me nervous"
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*All of the following would be included in a good definition of empathy except
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It involves agreeing with the others position.
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Many of our debilitative feelings come from
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all of these choices are correct
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"My roommate ought to be more understanding." This quote is an example of the fallacy of
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shoulds
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High affection communicators are
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all of these choices
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*The steps in the perception process are
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selection, organization, interpretation
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*Empathy is related to perception in that
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empathy is facilitated by trying to perceive things from the other person's point of view
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Using the skill of perception checking will prevent
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inaccurate decoding of messages
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Debilitative emotions
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detract from effective functioning
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When Lynn got caught speeding, Amy said she should have been more careful; later when Amy got caught speeding, she denied she was driving too fast. This is an example of what tendency in perception?
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The self-serving bias
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"No" is so clear and short that it is one of the few words that is never misinterpreted
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False
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*Nonverbal communication is not as effective at conveying attitudes and feelings
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True
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Women use more indirect and elaborate ways of talking than men do
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True
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A perfectly worded "I" statement delivered with total sincerity will ensure that the other person will not get defensive
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False
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"We" language
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All of the choices are correct
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Nonverbally, women ___ more than men
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gesture more
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When our nonverbal behavior is unintentional
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others recognize it and make interpretations based on it
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*A friend told you there was a "good chance" that he would come to your party. When he didn't show up you were upset. The semantic problem you experienced was due to
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relative language
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Proxemics is the study of
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the way people and animals use space
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*Edward T. Hall's Distance Zones are
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intimate, personal, social, public
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The nonverbal term for brief flashed of emotion in the face is
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microexpressions
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*When a speaker uses powerful speech pattern he/she
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may undermine relational goals to accomplish short term goals
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An indicator of deception is
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All of these choices are correct may be indicators of deception
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Kinesics is the study of
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body position and motion
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Communication researchers call the process of adapting one's speech style to match that of others
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convergence
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A speaker's willingness to take responsibility for his/hers thoughts or feelings can be indicated by the use of
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"I" language
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Gina looked annoyed when she walked into the classroom and saw megan sitting in the chair she usually sits in. The nonverbal communication Gina is demonstrating is
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territoriality
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Of the following, what is not an element of a complete "I" statement
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the other persons intentions
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When we study semantic rules, we learn that
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understanding occurs as a result of users agreeing on the same meanings for words.
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*In nonverbal communication, studies of leakage deal with
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deception signals
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*Couples are happiest when their levels of openness are roughly equal
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True
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Dialectical tensions arise when a relationship is new and tend to disappear after the first two years
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False
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According to your text, people usually try their best to listen but their effectiveness is limited primarily by biological factors
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False
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Closed questions are not very useful and should be avoided
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False
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Self-disclosure must be frequent to be effective
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False
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All of the following are reasons why it is difficult to listen all the time except
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We comprehend words at a slower rate than people speak them
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All of the following are ineffective listening styles mentioned in the text except
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signal listening
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The residual message is
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the part of the message we remember
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Social exchange theory suggests that we often seek out people who can give us
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rewards greater than or equal to the costs we encounter in dealing with them
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*Interrupting is a form of
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stage hogging
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*Giving only the appearance of being attentive is termed
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pseudo-listening
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Your roommate gives the appearance of listening to you, but you can tell from her responses that her mind is elsewhere. You could call her listening style in this instance
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pseudo-listening
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Constructive criticism is a kind of listening response that falls into the category termed
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judging
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*The term used to describe messages that people exchange, verbally or nonverbally, about their relationship lead to the
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metacommunication
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Conflicting desires for both intimacy and the lack of it in an interpersonal relationship lead to the
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openness-privacy dialectic
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All of the following are strategies that couples use to keep their relationships satisfying except
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constructive criticism
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To qualify as self-disclosure, a statement must
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be intentional, significant, and not otherwise known
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*According to your text, all of the following are reasons to be somewhat deceitful in relationships except
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to empower others
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Identify a dialectical tension, explain how this tension has affected the relationship and identify/explain the strategy you use to manage the dialectical tension
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Essay
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Collaboration is considered the best single way to resolve a conflict
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False
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Interdependence must exist between two parties in order for a conflict to exist
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True
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What conflict style to choose should be determined by the style you are most comfortable using
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False
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*When coping with criticism, it isnt a good idea to ask what else is wrong because it just brings up too much material to handle at one time
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False
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*Which of the following is an accurate feeling statement
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"I feel angry when you laugh at me."
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The term that describes the quality of a personal relationship is
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climate
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An inconsistency between two conflicting pieces of information about one's self, attitudes, or behavior is called
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cognitive dissonance
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*All of the following are true about conflict, except
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people typically have similar conflict styles
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Communication climates are a function of
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the way people feel about one another
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All of the following are conflict styles that we discussed in class except
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equivocating
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*In order to decide which conflict style you should use, you should consider
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All of these answers are correct
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The text suggested that you may react non-defensively to criticism by
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guessing about the specifics of a critic's remarks
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All of the following describe passive-aggressive behavior except
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switching between passivity and aggression
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According to research defensiveness, when one person in a dyad acts in a defensive manner
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a defensive spiral usually results
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When communicating with a passive-aggressive person, it is best to use any of the following approaches, except,
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Asserting control
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The communication climate in a relationship is determined by the
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degree to which each person feels valued
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Sue and John argue and John storms out of the house. Sue calls John asking for forgiveness. He returns and they reconcile. Soon they fight again with John once again leaving. This is an example of a(n)
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conflict ritual
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Defensiveness is the process of protecting your
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presenting self
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Psychological devices that resolve dissonance by maintaining a positive presenting image called
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defensive mechanisms
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*The "ownership" of a problem almost always belongs to
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the person who brings it up
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