humanities Ch. 27 – Flashcards
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Among the developments that transformed nineteenth-century Europe were
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a shift from farming to industry
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Romanticism was a rebellion against all the following EXCEPT
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Religious authority
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The poet __________ argues in his "Ode on a Grecian Urn" that pleasure is fleeting and that art alone records the pleasure of past experiences.
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Keats
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Emerson's statement (from the essay Nature), "There [in the woods] I feel that nothing can befall me in life—no disgrace, no calamity. . . , which nature cannot repair" is most reminiscent of
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Wordsworth
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The author who retreated to isolated Walden Pond in Massachusetts to write what he called "a handbook for living" was
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Thoreau
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The form of poetry that breaks with traditional meters and is based on irregular rhythmic patterns is called
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free verse
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Hegel's notion of dialectical principles greatly influenced the theories of
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Karl Marx
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Darwin's conception of evolution cannot work without presuming one of the following.
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Hegel's dialectic
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Darwin's theories met with strong opposition because of ALL BUT ONE of the following reasons
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they seemed to underline traditional morality
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The misinterpretation of Darwin by which the "survival of the fittest" is applied to social groups instead of to species is called
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social Darwinism
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T or F. Emerson's experience of nature includes the phrases "all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing." This sentiment does NOT seem to be present in Walt Whitman.
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false
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T or F.Hegel's conception of freedom finds its ultimate perfection in the individual and not in the state.
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true
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T or F. Social Darwinists used the theory of evolution to justify imperialism and economic exploitation.
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true
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The feeling of loyalty to a specific territory, whose inhabitants shared a common language and culture, is called _________.
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nationalism?
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The poet whose "Tintern Abbey" exalts the beneficent value of nature is __________.
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William Wordsworth
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The American romantics who believed that knowledge gained through intuition surpassed knowledge gained through reasoning were called __________.
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The American Transcendentalists
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The American romantic who developed the notion of passive resistance later adopted by Gandhi and Martin Luther King was __________.
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Henry David Thoreau
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The process by which a condition (thesis) generates an opposite condition (antithesis) to produce a synthesis is called __________.
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dialectic
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The idea that species flourish because they are able to preserve certain traits that enable them to survive is called __________.
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natural selection
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Fiero, Figure 27.7, Turner, Snowstorm: Steamboat Off Harbour's Mouth. The view of nature held by the writers in this chapter that we might most closely associate with this painting is that of
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Wordsworth
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Fiero, Reading 5.1, Wordsworth, "Tintern Abbey." The "Dorothy episode" of this poem serves to underscore
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that the poet finds his youthful self in his sister
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Fiero, Reading 5.2, Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind." In the fifth stanza, the speaker locates his own time of life in a comparison with the cycle of nature's seasons, namely,
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fall
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Fiero, Reading 5.6, Thoreau, Walden, lines 50-55. Thoreau states how other people view the goal of human life. That other view most closely resembles the view of human destiny of
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the Christian Middle Ages
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Fiero, Reading 5.6, Thoreau, Walden. Thoreau's very last question might have special appeal to which one of the following?
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emerson ?
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T or F. Fiero, Figure 27.11, Thomas Cole, The Oxbow. The relationship of the human figures in this painting to the rest of the natural world is reminiscent of the attitude of Chinese landscape painters.
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false
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Fiero, Figure 27.3, Poet on a Mountain Top by Shen Zhou. Part of the charm of landscapes at this scale comes from the effect of miniatures—here a fingernail-size poet in a miniature landscape. In this chapter, a similar effect is made in words alone by
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Shen Fu
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An aspect of romantic fascination with unspoiled nature and "natural man" in America was the portrayal of Native Americans by the painter
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George Catlin
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Fiero, Figure 27.17, Quilt. The dominant images in this artifact are
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flowers
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Edward Hicks' painting, Peaceable Kingdom, symbolizes
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natural innocence and peace
