question

The secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the______.

answer

hypothalamus

question

Steroid hormones produce their effects by

answer

activating genes

question

Parathyroid hormones stimulates:

answer

osteoclast activity

question

Insulin will result in:

answer

a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose

question

The secretion of hormones from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is largely controlled by

answer

impulses from the hypothalamus

question

Which of the following hormones exerts its effect primarily o the reproductive organs?

answer

follicle-stimulating hormone

question

An example of a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla is:

answer

epinephrine

question

Diabetes insipidus is caused by

answer

a lack of ADH

question

A person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, underweight, and as protruding eyes has symptoms of:

answer

hyperthyroidism

question

The hormone that decreases the plasma calcium concentration is:

answer

calcitonin

question

Cancer patients often develop endocrine disorders because:

answer

cancer cells sometimes secrete hormones inappropriately

question

This promotes the movement of amino acids into cells, increases the rate of cell division, and promotes bone growth.

answer

Growth hormone

question

The master gland that controls many bodily functions is the:

answer

Pituitary

question

Which glands control the amount of calcium in the blood and bones?

answer

parathyroid and calcitonin

question

Bodily chemical messengers that send messages via the blood from one set of cells to another, affecting changes are:

answer

hormones

question

A group of cells that gives off or secrete chemicals

answer

Gland

question

This links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.

answer

hypothalamus

question

This gland affects wake/sleep patterns and seasonal functions.

answer

pineal

question

These glands release hormones in conjunction with stress.

answer

Adrenal

question

This gland controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins and controls how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.

answer

Thyroid

question

Along with the nervous system, the ____ system coordinates the various activities of body parts

answer

endocrine

question

What do you call a hormone in an insect that is a sex attractant?

answer

pheromone

question

The endocrine system is quicker than the nervous system.

answer

False

question

Hormones are chemicals that fall into two basic categories:

answer

non-steroid(peptide) hormones and steroid hormones

question

The receptors for non-steroid peptide hormones are on the:

answer

plasma membrane

question

Steroid hormones _______ bind to plasma membrane receptors.

answer

do not

question

The pituitary is located beneath the ______ in the brain.

answer

thalamus and hypothalamus

question

The hypothalamus regulates:

answer

heart rate, body temp, water balance, & glandular secretions

question

The pituitary gland is divided into what two portions?

answer

anterior and posterior

question

The posterior pituitary stores and secretes:

answer

ADH and oxytocin

question

The functions of oxytocin are:

answer

cause the uterus to contract, induce labor, & stimulate the release of milk from the mammary glands

question

Hypothalamic releasing and release-inhibiting hormones are transported from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary by way of ________ .

answer

a portal system of blood vessels directly connecting the two organs

question

Growth hormone promotes:

answer

cell division, protein synthesis, and bone growth

question

Acromegaly

answer

abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face, caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland.

question

The parathyroid glands are located:

answer

imbedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland

question

The thyroid gland is attached to the trachea just ________ the larynx.

answer

below

question

If _____ is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter.

answer

iodine

question

Thyroxine

answer

the thyroid hormone, accelerates oxidative metabolism though out the body

question

triiodothyronine

answer

Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland (contains three atoms of iodine); stimulates body metabolism; T3.

question

If the thyroid fails to develop properly from childhood, a condition called _____ results.

answer

cretinism

question

Hyperthyroidism in adults produces a condition called _____ .

answer

myxedema

question

The thyroid gland produces

answer

thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin

question

Calcitonin is balanced by the action of:

answer

parathyroid hormone

question

This causes blood phosphate level to decrease

answer

parathroid hormone (PTH)

question

If insufficient PTH is produced, the blood calcium level drops, resulting in:

answer

tetany, where the body shakes from continuous muscle contraction.

question

Calcium plays an important role in:

answer

neural conduction, muscle contraction, & blood clotting

question

The adrenal glands consist of:

answer

the inner medulla and the outer cortex

question

The medulla and the cortex of the adrenal glands function ________.

answer

independently

question

The adrenal medulla secrets _______ under conditions of stress.

answer

norepinephrine and epinephrine

question

The adrenal _____ secretes a small amount of both sex hormones.

answer

cortex

question

Cortisol is a:

answer

glucocorticoid

question

ACTH controls the secretion of :

answer

aldosterone

question

Aldosterone regulates the levels of:

answer

blood sodium and potassium

question

The primary target organ of Aldosterone is:

answer

the kidney

question

The pancreas has both ____ & ____ tissue

answer

exocrine, endocrine

question

The pancreatic endocrine tissues are called :

answer

Islets of Langerhans

question

The pancreatic islets produce:

answer

insulin and glucagon

question

There is/are ____ types of diabetes mellitus.

answer

two

question

In ____ diabetes mellitus the pancreas in NOT producing insulin.

answer

type I

question

Insulin functions to :

answer

stimulate uptake of glucose by cells

question

Glucagon ________ the action of insulin.

answer

counters

question

Type II diabetes usually occurs in people who are:

answer

obese and inactive

question

The ___ are the male sex hormones.

answer

androgens

question

Anabolic steroids are __ forms of testosterone.

answer

synthetic

question

The thymus ______ in size with aging.

answer

decreases

question

The thymus aids the differentiation of ____ cells.

answer

T

question

The _____ produces the hormone melatonin.

answer

pineal gland

question

________ is involved with circadian rythms.

answer

Melatonin

question

The family of chemical messengers that causes the pain and discomfort, as in menstruation are:

answer

prostaglandins

question

What inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, and helps reduce pain?

answer

aspirin

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