HS WG SEM – Flashcard

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What are the two most common renewable energy resources used in the Nordic nations?
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biothermal, hydroelectric
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What were the effects of glacial movement on the Nordic nations?
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thousands of lakes, jagged coastline, rocky soil
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What effect does the North Atlantic Current have on Norway?
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It makes the area warmer
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a deep, high-walled coastal valley created by glacier movement and filled by the waters of melting glaciers
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fjord
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land below sea level from which water has been removed
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polder
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of Spain and Portugal
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Iberian
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trees that lose their leaves in the fall
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deciduous
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dam
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dike
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fine-grained, fertile soil
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loess
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a strong, dry, cold north or northwestern wind
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mistral
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a severe windstorm characterized by spiraling winds
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cyclone
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a windstorm that blows up clouds of dust or sand
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sirocco
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a slow-moving river of snow and ice that moves on the Earth's surface
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glacier
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a long period off dry weather resulting in water shortages
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drought
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a safe place for ships to dock
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harbor
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What renewable resource is produced in Western Central Europe?
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hydropower
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What is Europe's most important commercial river?
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Rhine
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Denmark, France, Norway and Spain are all touching a _____
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coastline
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The Pyrenees Mountains separate the _____ Peninsula from the rest of Europe
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Iberian
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Southern Europe's landscape can be described as mostly _____.
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mountainous
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Where do most Europeans live?
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cities
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Most European nations have _____.
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a dominant culture
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_____ is the most widely observed religion in Europe.
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Christianity
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_____, _____, _____ have a large population of Protestants
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England, The Netherlands, Norway
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In which part of Europe are the Germanic languages mainly spoken?
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Central, Northern, Northwestern Europe
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Name 4 Romance languages
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French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish
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By the end of the nineteenth century, most of Europe's colonies were in _____.
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the South Pacific, Asia, Africa
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Why is the Rhine River important to Western Central Europe?
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It is the leading commercial river in Europe
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What are the results of urban development?
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increased paved areas, increased pollution. reduced forest land
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One factor that led to the fall of the Roman Empire was _____.
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the territory was too large to defend
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The _____ was a time of great political unrest that divided Europe into Eastern and Western sections
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Cold War
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What sea borders Russia, Poland, and Latvia?
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Baltic
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Eastern Central Europe's cold winters and mild summers from its _____ climate
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continental
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The Danube River is important to Eastern Europe because it _____. connects Central Europe with Western Europe contains large deposits of uranium is used for trade is used for transportation separates Europe from Asia
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connects Central Europe with Western Europe, is used for trade, is used for transportation
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The North European Plain runs through these three countries.
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Belarus, Poland, Russia
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_____ are the physical features that have separated ethnic groups from each other in the Balkans.
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Mountains
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The Balkan region isn't good for farming because of its _____.
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dry summers, infertile soil, mountainous terrain
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The _____ is the second longest river in Europe. It forms a border between Serbia and _____ before draining into the _____ Sea.
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Danube, Romania, Black
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Which countries are known as the Baltic nations?
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Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
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_____, the largest country in the world, lies on a landmass comprised of two continents called _____. It is separated by the _____ Mountains. Most of its population lives in _____ to the _____ of the mountains.
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Russia, Eurasia, Ural, Europe, west
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Eastern Europe's population growth is
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negative
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_____ has the lowest population density in Eastern Europe
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Russia
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Who comprises the largest ethnic group in Eastern Europe.
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Slavs
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Which factors created cultural boundaries in Eastern Europe?
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ethnicity, language, religion
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What caused the balkanization of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia?
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ethnic conflict
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What is the goal of the Kyoto Protocol?
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to reduce greenhouse gases
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Results of Soviet control on Eastern Europe included _____.
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collectivization, command economy, healthcare benefits, price controls
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To address problems caused by the dissolution of the Soviet Union, some Eastern European nations _____.
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privatized industry, increased foreign investment, joined the European Union
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What factors contributed to environmental improvements in Eastern Europe during the 1990s? industrial closures investment by foreign countries the growing demand for energy private car ownership increases production increases the collapse of the Soviet Union the end of collectives
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industrial closures, investment by foreign countries, the collapse of the Soviet Union, the end of collectives
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Water _____ is a greater concern for Eastern Europe
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quality
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Which factors hinder environmental protection efforts in Eastern Europe?
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economic development, lack of enforcement
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What were results of the Cold War?
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the end of the Soviet Union, independence for the Soviet republics, the end of global imperialism
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What three empires fell after World War I.
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Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, Russian
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Which part of Europe is the least economically developed?
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Eastern
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also called the Zaire
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Congo
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home to Victoria Falls
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Zambezi
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Africa's third longest river
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Niger
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world's longest river
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Nile
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Which of the countries listed below receives the least rainfall? Chad Gabon Swaziland Zimbabwe
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Chad
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The _____ continent is a phrase used to describe Africa
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plateau
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The benefits provided by Africa's rivers include all of the following except _____. cross-continental transport water for irrigation hydroelectric power food
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hydroelectric power
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The _____ Desert runs through West and Central Africa. It extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the _____ Ocean. Farmers here practice _____ agriculture, moving to a new location when soil nutrients are used up.
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Sahel, Indian, shifting
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What is the Intertropical Convergence Zone?
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a low-pressure area that influences climate
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Urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa is _____.
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increasing
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In Sub-Saharan Africa, _____ is the norm.
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tribalism
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World religions were brought into Sub-Saharan Africa by _____.
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European colonization, immigration, missionary activity, trade
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Most Sub-Saharan Africans speak more than one language because _____.
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the language used for official business is different from the local language
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Ethnic conflict during the colonial period was largely the result of _____.
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the drawing of political borders, favoritism toward an ethnic group, divide and rule policies
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Africa's most serious political problems during the post-colonial period were _____.
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ethnic conflict, human rights, political capacity
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European colonization of Africa was mainly a result of Europe's need for _____.
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expanded marketplace, raw materials
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How do mountains affect the physical and human geography of East and Southern Africa?
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settlement patterns, river navigation, energy production
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_____ Africa has the greatest mineral wealth.
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Southern
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This is not a benefit provided by Africa's rivers.
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cross-continental transport
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In what way did geography affect early African kingdoms?
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Mineral resources brought wealth and power.
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What characteristics were shared by the African colonies?
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forced labor, lack of services, larger police forces, non-representative governments, urbanization
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Which statements describe the relationship between poverty and the environment? -Poor people depend heavily on the land for their basic needs. -Poor people can spend a lot of time on environmental concerns. -Survival needs come before environmental protection. -Urban areas are where most of the region's poor people live.
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Poor people depend heavily on the land for their basic needs, survival needs come before environmental protection
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The Sahara _____.
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contains fertile areas, is the world's largest desert, experiences flash floods, has deadly sandstorms
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What are North Africa's most valuable natural resources?
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natural gas, petroleum
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Another name for Southwest Asia is _____.
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Middle East
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The most productive farmland in the region is _____.
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the Fertile Crescent
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_____ is the natural resource that has played the largest role in the economic development of the Persian Gulf countries.
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Petroleum
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What physical features are shared by the countries on the Arabian Peninsula?
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Arabian Desert, arid climate, desert terrain, petroleum reserves
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Regional settlement patterns are most affected by what physical feature?
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water
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Which issues present challenges for the urban areas of North Africa and Southwest Asia?
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housing availability, inadequate services, pollution
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Which of these terms can be used to generalize the human geography of the region?
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Arab, Islam, monotheistic, multiethnic, Jewish, religious
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In Southwest Asia and North Africa, _____ are the dominant ethnic group; _____ is the dominant religion; and _____ is the dominant language
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Arabs, Islam, Arabic
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The economies of many nations rely heavily on what natural resource?
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oil
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Which term would geographers use to describe the overall political situation of North Africa and Southwest Asia?
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conflict-ridden
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The two main issues of the Arab-Israeli conflict are _____.
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Palestinian Independence, Israeli security
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The ways that population growth has affected the region include _____.
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decreased forested areas, increased groundwater extraction
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An increasing number of the region's young people are identifying themselves by their _____.
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cultural group
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What importance did North Africa have to conquering states?
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food and trade source
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The two principal reasons for conflict in Southwest Asia today are natural resources and _____.
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religion
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The earliest civilizations in Egypt were centered on which river?
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Nile
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_____ is the region's major economic challenge
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The stability of the oil industry
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In what ways has increased population growth affected the region?
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increased competition for jobs, increased membership in extremist groups, reduced biodiversity
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Singapore is located on the _____ peninsula.
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Malaysian
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The Indo-Gangetic Plain is located in _____.
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India
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The Mekong River runs through much of Southeast Asia. Which nation is not affected by it?
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Myanmar
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The Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, and Philippine Sea border which Asian country?
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Japan
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Over-irrigation on the Amu Darya River is causing the _____ Sea to dry up.
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Aral
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China is slowing the continued growth of this desert by planting millions of trees.
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Gobi
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Almost without exception, this food is the number-one crop grown in Asia.
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rice
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The countries located in Central Asia became environmental disasters because of which nation?
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Soviet Union
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What are some characteristics of areas near the Pacific Ring of Fire?
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volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis
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The Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers are located in which country?
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India
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The Indus Valley can be found in the country of _____.
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Pakistan
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The Spanish controlled _____ for centuries.
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the Philippines
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Which of the following religions are not major factors in South and Southeast Asia?
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Christianity, Shintoism
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The Qing and Xia were two ancient _____ dynasties.
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Chinese
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The term "kamikaze" is a Japanese word for _____.
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storm
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What two languages stand as language families all their own?
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Korean, Japanese
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Which of the following empires was not located in ancient India?
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Joseon
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This communist nation refuses international aid to assist in economic and environmental development.
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North Korea
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Which of the following nations were originally part of India?
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Bangladesh, Pakistan
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North and South Korea are divided by a demilitarized zone located at the _____ Parallel.
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38th
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What nation gained its independence from Pakistan in 1971?
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Bangladesh
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China was able to prosper because of the _____ Road.
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Silk
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