history – Essay Writing – Flashcards
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The Romans were polytheistic, meaning that they worshiped many gods. the Greeks. the concept of wealth. one god.
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Many gods
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Which statement best describes the role of Roman women? Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time. Roman women had the same rights as women in other societies. Roman women had fewer rights than women in other societies. Roman women had even more rights than women do today.
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Which statement best describes the role of Roman women?
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In ancient Rome, which family member had the most authority? mother unmarried daughter father married son
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father
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Which statement best describes the roads of the Roman Empire? They had to be built with stones provided by Rome. They were constructed to move the Roman military. They were reserved mainly for civilians, not troops. They made it difficult to govern land Rome controlled.
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They were constructed to move the Roman military.
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The Roman philosophy of stoicism promoted mercy. self-control. pity. anger.
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self-control.
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How did the Romans bring fresh water to their cities? They diverted water from the Tiber. They built a system of aqueducts. They imported water from other countries. They built dams across the Tiber.
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They built a system of aqueducts.
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The Founding Fathers of the United States were influenced by Cicero's ideas about polytheism. aqueducts. government. architecture.
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aqueducts.
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Which statement best describes the population of ancient Rome? With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city. Compared to cities today, Rome was more like a town or village in size. Ancient Rome was smaller than any city today. Ancient Rome was bigger than any of today's cities.
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With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city.
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Which statement best describes the way Romans viewed education? Roman education was reserved for slaves. Roman children of wealthy families were sent to school. Roman education focused on the humanities. Roman society looked down on education.
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Roman education focused on the humanities.
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Look at the picture of the Colosseum in Rome today. The shape and size of the Colosseum is much like a modern-day outdoor arena where people watch gladiator contests. golf matches. football games. basketball games.
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football games.
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A peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by friendly countries. water on all sides. water on three sides. unfriendly countries.
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water on three sides.
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With Caesar Augustus's rise to power, Rome became a powerful empire. was invaded by outsiders. lost its battles with its enemies. ruled the entire world.
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became a powerful empire.
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Which aspect of government does the United States have in common with the Roman Republic? Two consuls run the executive branch. Senators are elected into office for life. There are three branches of government. Governors are chosen by members of assemblies.
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There are three branches of government.
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What was one consequence of Roman expansion beginning in 300 BCE? Soldiers became less loyal to their generals. Plebeians lost their influence in government. Economic problems began to increase. Rome was no longer a center of trade.
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Economic problems began to increase.
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The Roman Republic began to expand when Rome fought the Punic Wars and defeated Carthage. Germany. Egypt. Greece.
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Carthage.
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The factor that most contributed to the development of Roman civilization was Rome's language. Rome's geography. Rome's isolation from the world. Rome's foundation myth.
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Rome's geography.
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Julius Caesar's assassination led to the founding of the Roman Republic. beginning of Rome's expansion. fall of the Roman Empire. end of the Roman Republic.
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end of the Roman Republic.
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Like Rome, the United States has two houses in the legislative branch. eight praetors in the judicial branch. a list of laws called the Twelve Tables. an assembly of plebeians and soldiers.
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two houses in the legislative branch.
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Rome was strongly influenced by the culture of the Sumerians. Germans. Greeks. Assyrians.
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Greeks.
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Which was an achievement of the Roman Empire? banning the use of coins conquering the world starting a civil service posting the Twelve Tablets
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banning the use of coins
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The Roman Empire is an early example of a __________. Democracy Republic Dictatorship Monarchy A republic is a government run by generals. kings and queens. representatives of the people. religious leaders. The Peloponnesian War began after Sparta attacked Athens by land. Sparta attacked Athens by sea. Athens attacked Sparta by land. Athens attacked Sparta by sea. The image shows the coat of arms of the United States. The words you see are in what language? English French German Latin What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination? Many Romans wanted a strong leader instead of the weak Caesar. Influential Romans were opposed to the expansion of Rome's territory. Many people were unhappy with Caesar because of Rome's military defeats. Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic. A humanities curriculum is one that is taught only in Greek or Latin languages. emphasizes military tactics and strategies. focuses primarily on religious teachings. includes instruction in philosophy and history. The Twelve Tables of the Roman Republic were a written declaration of war. legal code. description of social classes. plan for government. Judeo-Christian principles helped influence government in Athens. the Roman republic. the United States. Sparta. Athens and Sparta were both countries. city-states. monarchies. empires. Women in Roman society had the right to vote in elections. run for office. own property. choose who to marry.
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Republic
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According to its foundation myth, Rome was founded by twin brothers. a wolf. Greek explorers. Egyptian gods.
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twin brothers.
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Pythagoras was an ancient Greek historian. mathematician. physician. ruler.
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mathematician.
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Who were considered citizens in ancient Athens? women men slaves all Athenians
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men
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A republic is a government run by generals. kings and queens. representatives of the people. religious leaders.
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representatives of the people.
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According to its foundation myth, Rome was founded by twin brothers. a wolf. Greek explorers. Egyptian gods.
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twin brothers.
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What was one change established by the British raj in India? The British raj wrote reports to investors about trading profits. The British raj built a private army made up of Indian soldiers. The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country. The British raj set up a bribery system to keep local leaders in line.
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The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country.
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What does this map of British India in 1860 show? provinces ruled by East India Company and trading states provinces ruled by East India Company and manufacturing states provinces ruled by the British raj and states controlled by Indian monarchs provinces ruled by sepoys and states controlled by Mughal empire
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provinces ruled by the British raj and states controlled by Indian monarchs
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Toussaint L'Ouverture issued a constitution to ensure that Haiti would never rejoin the French republic. Haiti would rejoin the French republic. officials would be elected. slavery would be abolished. The map shows British India.
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slavery would be abolished.
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If Hindu troops won a major battle against their enemies, whom would they praise for his guidance? Brahma Buddha Shiva Vishnu
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Vishnu
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The working people of France were called the nobility. laborers. bourgeoisie. sans-coulotte.
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bourgeoisie.
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The words you see are in what language? English French German Latin
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Latin
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The Peloponnesian War began after Sparta attacked Athens by land. Sparta attacked Athens by sea. Athens attacked Sparta by land. Athens attacked Sparta by sea.
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Sparta attacked Athens by land.
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What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination? Many Romans wanted a strong leader instead of the weak Caesar. Influential Romans were opposed to the expansion of Rome's territory. Many people were unhappy with Caesar because of Rome's military defeats. Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.
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Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.
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What is one way government changed in Athens during the Golden Age? All citizens were declared equal, and men and women took part in government equally as a result. All citizens were declared equal, but women could take part in government only on a limited basis. The number of paid officials decreased, which allowed only wealthy citizens to hold government offices. The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.
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The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.
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As a result of the Crimean War, Russia won exclusive trading rights with Crimea. decided to end its involvement in the Middle East. formed a powerful alliance with France and Britain. realized it needed to build up its military. This map shows the Athenian Empire.
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realized it needed to build up its military.
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Why could the British restriction of trade be considered a violation of natural rights? Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest. Restrictions sacrificed trade that would have benefited the colonies for the Crown's benefit. Restrictions inhibited the natural right to property by denying colonists access to goods. Restrictions denied colonists the right to conduct business with foreign powers.
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Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest.
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By 1900, Germany's steel production exceeded all other countries except Britain. the United States. Belgium. Italy.
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Britain.
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Which of these best describes Oliver Cromwell? Oliver Cromwell was a supporter of the king. Oliver Cromwell was a member of the nobility. Oliver Cromwell was a devout Catholic. Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.
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Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.
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Which key concept did Charles I agree to in the Petition of Right (1628)? no Parliament no hereditary monarchy no taxation without representation no state religion
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no taxation without representation
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After Charles I became king, tensions increased when he freed all prisoners from jail throughout the country. formed an alliance with England's traditional enemies, France and Spain. asked Parliament to take over the role of taxation. dissolved Parliament when members refused to give him funds.
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dissolved Parliament when members refused to give him funds.
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The Petition of Right (1628) resulted in the powers of the monarchy being limited. increased. made absolute. ended.
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limited.
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Of what relevance are the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights to government in the United States? Americans incorporated the idea of a constitutional monarchy into the Constitution. The idea of bringing in monarchs from another country inspired Americans to do the same thing. Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States. Americans recognized that the separation of powers would never work in their newly independent country.
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Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States.
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What event precipitated the English Civil War? an invasion by France a rebellion in Scotland fighting in American colonies the coronation of Charles I
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a rebellion in Scotland
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What did Parliament do soon after the death of Oliver Cromwell? Parliament went to war with Scotland. Parliament restored the monarchy. Parliament banned the monarchy forever. Parliament imposed the Protectorate.
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Parliament restored the monarchy.
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Parliament invited William and Mary to take the English throne on the condition that they convert to Catholicism. promise not to have children. promise to stay at home and rule from Holland. accept Parliament's limits on their power.
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accept Parliament's limits on their power.
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The Magna Carta had what effect on English monarchs? It said that monarchs would have absolute power. It said that only kings could rule England. It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens. It required English monarchs to be born in foreign countries.
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It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens.
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When James II became king, many people opposed him because he was a Protestant. Puritan. Catholic. non-believer.
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Catholic.
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Use the drop-down menus to complete the following sentences. Blackstone's Commentaries on the Law is most well know for explaining. The use ofis the use of previous rulings to develop and understanding of the law.
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common law precedent
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William Blackstone was important because he wrote the Magna Carta. led the Glorious Revolution. wrote the English Bill of Rights. created a record of common law.
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created a record of common law.
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Common law refers to laws determined through due process. precedent. the rule of law. the separation of powers.
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precedent
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Look at the diagram below. English Influences on American Govermenet Which of these best completes the empty box to the right? Army Navy Common Law Judges
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Common Law
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An important effect of the Magna Carta on English government was that it established a monarchy. gave voting rights to all citizens. reduced the rights of citizens. gave more power to the people and protected their rights.
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gave more power to the people and protected their rights.
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The English Bill of Rights put limits on the power of Parliament. the army. the monarchy. the judiciary.
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the monarchy.
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When the police arrest someone today, they must follow certain agreed-upon procedures. They are said to be following the rule of law. the separation of powers. due process. the legislative branch.
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due process.
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The English document that laid the groundwork for judges in the US to rule based on precedent is known as the .
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comentaries on the laws of england
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The Magna Carta led to the creation of Parliament, England's executive branch. legislative branch. royal branch. judicial branch.
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legislative branch.
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Athens and Sparta were both countries. city-states. monarchies. empires.
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city-states.
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Which sentence describes an effect of the English civil war? The monarchy grew more powerful. Louis XIV ruled France. People began to ask questions about the best way to govern. Parliament was permanently dissolved
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People began to ask questions about the best way to govern.
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Why did European powers compete for control of Muslim states? Check all that apply. to win trade rights in Russia to control natural resources in Persia to claim territory in the Persian Gulf to gain access to the Middle East to control trade routes to India
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to control natural resources in Persia to gain access to the Middle East to control trade routes to India
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To drive out foreign influences, the main thing the Boxers did was to recruit members openly. oppose any kind of immigration. force closure of all the ports in China. kill foreigners, missionaries, and Chinese Christians.
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kill foreigners, missionaries, and Chinese Christians.
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The excerpt is from an African American poem called "The Black Man's Burden." Pile on the Black Man's Burden. 'Tis nearest at your door; Why heed long bleeding Cuba, or dark Hawaii's shore? Hail ye your fearless armies, Which menace feeble folks Who fight with clubs and arrows and brook your rifle's smoke. -H.T. Johnson, The Black Man's Burden, 1899 What point of view does the poem's author express? Cuba and Hawaii could benefit most from imperialism. Imperialist armies are easily repelled by native armies. Imperialism is more about bullying than heroism. African Americans were wrong to fight imperialism.
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Imperialism is more about bullying than heroism.
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Emperor Guangxu instituted sweeping reforms to modernize the government and the economy, and as a result Empress Cixi had him arrested. Empress Cixi supported him. China surged forward economically. China's people supported him.
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Empress Cixi had him arrested.
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Which is an example of a sphere of influence? A nation is politically independent, but an imperial power controls its trade. A nation is under complete political and cultural control of an imperial power. A nation is protected by an imperial power in return for trade privileges. A nation forms an alliance with an imperial power, and both reap benefits.
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A nation is politically independent, but an imperial power controls its trade.
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Which is a true statement about the Open Door policy? The idea for the policy was opposed by the United States. All nations did not want to pay taxes equally. All nations should have equal access to ports of trade. The idea for the policy came from Britain and France.
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All nations should have equal access to ports of trade.
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Following the end of the Sino-Japanese War, the peace treaty gave Japan an area in Manchuria as well as Taiwan, which was also called .
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formosa
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The graphic organizer includes facts about Great Britain and Japan. Column A: Great Britain Column B: Japan The British Empire stretched across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Japan expanded into Manchuria between 1930 and 1939. A student made this graphic organizer to help write an informative essay. What fact could be added to column A? Imported cotton came from colonies in Egypt and India. There were excellent harbors on the Pacific Coast. The navy often recruited people for fishing. A relationship with China strengthened the region.
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Imported cotton came from colonies in Egypt and India.
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A tax imposed on imported or exported goods is called a .
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tariff
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What caused Egypt's troubles in the 1800s? Check all that apply. rapid industrial expansion reliance on cotton crops social reforms government spending French interference
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reliance on cotton crops government spending
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As a result of the Crimean War, Russia won exclusive trading rights with Crimea. decided to end its involvement in the Middle East. formed a powerful alliance with France and Britain. realized it needed to build up its military.
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realized it needed to build up its military.
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Because of the Canal, Europeans no longer had to travel around Africa to reach Asia.
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suez
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An example of Japanese imperial rule that was evident when it placed restrictions on Korean rights was that it took away all guns. it squelched nationalist groups. it assumed control of the government. it assumed control of newspapers and free speech.
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it assumed control of newspapers and free speech.
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Under indirect rule, native culture was accepted to some degree. subject to cultural conversion. seen as equal to Western culture. adopted by many Westerners.
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accepted to some degree.
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Which of the following statements best reflects the point of view of an imperialist? Check all that apply. "My country is better than all other countries." "We have much to learn from the cultures of other peoples." "It is our duty to help civilize people less cultured than us." "My country can benefit from the rich resources of other countries." "People are the same all over the world." "God approves of my country's plans to set up new colonies."
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"My country is better than all other countries." "It is our duty to help civilize people less cultured than us." "My country can benefit from the rich resources of other countries." "God approves of my country's plans to set up new colonies."
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Which statement best describes the introduction of a document-based essay? The introduction states the writer's viewpoint and sets up the main points of the essay. The introduction provides facts and examples that are relevant to the topic of the essay. The introduction includes information from the documents and outside sources to support the essay. The introduction reinforces the viewpoint and states what readers should take away from the essay.
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The introduction states the writer's viewpoint and sets up the main points of the essay.
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Read the excerpt from an informational document. Trade was necessary to the functioning of the Japanese economy. When Japan entered the first stage of its modernization in the nineteenth century, it had become dependent on other parts of the world for markets and raw materials. Raw materials for heavy industry were so strategically important they were placed in separate category from the rest of Japan's imports. As a result, it was essential to ensure the security of the areas that supplied Japan and the trade routes that must be traveled, to ensure a reliable supply. Iron for the steel industry was of particular concern as Japan was almost wholly dependent upon imports . . . . The nearest major sources of iron were in Manchuria and northern China. —From Japanese Imperialism, 1987 Which facts support the thesis that trade helped Japan modernize its economy? Check all that apply. Japan considered raw materials to be important. Japan began modernizing in the eighteenth century. Japan depended on imports to obtain iron. Japan ensured the security of trade routes. Japan located major sources of iron in China
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Which facts support the thesis that trade helped Japan modernize its economy? Check all that apply. Japan considered raw materials to be important. Japan depended on imports to obtain iron. Japan ensured the security of trade routes. Japan located major sources of iron in China
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The graphic organizer includes facts about Great Britain and Japan. Column A: Great Britain Column B: Japan The British Empire stretched across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Japan expanded into Manchuria between 1930 and 1939. A student made this graphic organizer to help write an informative essay. What does the organizer imply about Great Britain and Japan? Both nations were imperialist. Both nations had strong leaders. Both nations expanded in the 1900s. Both nations had strong economies.
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Both nations were imperialist.
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Read an excerpt from an informational document. To some Japanese, the most important national security objective was the unselfish one - to establish a special relationship with China, strengthening the region to allow it to turn back the tide of western imperialism. To others, the selfish objective had to take priority. No matter the cost, Japan's own security and economic survival had to be considered ahead of Asian values. Unless Japan became more powerful, there was no way to save East Asia from the west. Japan could only be made powerful through the economic exploitation of its neighbors. Which detail best supports the thesis that Japan benefited from imperialism? "selfish objective had to take priority" "turn back the tide of western imperialism" "considered ahead of Asian values" "economic exploitation of its neighbors"
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"economic exploitation of its neighbors"
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During the revision phase, a writer should make sure a document-based essay includes very emotional language. various charts and graphs. several sentence fragments relevant facts and examples.
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relevant facts and examples.
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To support the thesis of a document-based essay, a writer must include both facts and details. charts and graphs. examples and photos. maps and quotations.
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facts and details.
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As writers revise document-based essays, they should make sure relevant facts and have been included.
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detail
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Read the opening line from a draft of an informative essay. Which is the best revision of the sentence? Trade between Great Britain and Japan expanded as opium deals between the nations increased in the early 1800s. Britain greatly expanded trade with China, increasing its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s. Britain's expanded trade in opium led to export increases that were five times greater in the early 1800s. Britain greatly expanded trade with China, which increased its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s.
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Britain greatly expanded trade with China, increasing its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s.
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Read the excerpt from an informational document. I was in the East End of London yesterday and attended a meeting of the unemployed. I listened to the wild speeches, which were just a cry for "bread, bread, bread!" and on my way home I pondered over the scene and I became more than ever convinced of the importance of imperialism. My cherished idea is a solution for the social problem, i.e., in order to save . . . the United Kingdom from a bloody civil war, we colonial statesmen must acquire new lands to settle the surplus population, to provide new markets for the goods produced by them in the factories and mines. —Cecil Rhodes, 1895 Which detail from the excerpt best supports the thesis that British imperialism was necessary to gain land for farming? "acquire new lands to settle the surplus population" "provide new markets for goods produced by them" "which were just a cry for 'bread, bread, bread'" "I was in the East End of London yesterday"
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"which were just a cry for 'bread, bread, bread'"
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Read the opening line from a draft of an informative essay. This sentence is not effective because it is too short to include facts. it lacks information and details. it lacks an example or a quote. it does not grab a reader's attention.
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it lacks information and details.
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Read this passage, noting which details are relevant, and which are unnecessary. The deeply indented coastline of Japan provides a number of excellent harbors on the Pacific coast, and its shores abound in fish of all kinds, the rich supplies of which have for centuries constituted one of the chief articles of food of the people. The fishing industries have helped to provide Japan with a recruiting-ground for one of the strongest and most formidable navies of modern times. You are trying to find facts and evidence to answer the research question, "How has Japan's geography affected its development?" Which of these details would be relevant? deeply indented coastline excellent harbors shores abound in fish of all kinds rich supplies of fish one of the chief articles of food most formidable navies
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You are trying to find facts and evidence to answer the research question, "How has Japan's geography affected its development?" Which of these details would be relevant? excellent harbors rich supplies of fish one of the chief articles of food most formidable navies
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The country is becoming very beautiful, and furrowed [lined] by deep valleys; the underlying rocks, being igneous, have yielded [given] fertile soil. There is great abundance of large game [animals to hunt] . . . We crossed the Mbai [River] and found in its bed rocks of pink marble. Some little hills near it are capped by marble of beautiful whiteness. Based on Livingstone's observations, why might European countries be interested in colonizing Africa? Most cities had advanced industrialization. There were vast natural resources. The large population would create a good workforce. People were wealthy, allowing them to buy European products.
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There were vast natural resources.
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How was Japan easily able to defeat China in the Sino-Japanese War? Japan's military was better trained and equipped. China surrendered quickly. China had fewer troops. Japan enlisted the help of its allies in Europe.
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Japan's military was better trained and equipped.
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What started the Russo-Japanese War? Russia issued a preemptive strike on Japan in the Sea of China. The conflict over Korea escalated into war near Seoul, Korea. Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia. Negotiations to avoid war broke down, and war ensued.
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Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia.
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How did Japan become the most powerful nation in Asia? Japan doubled its territory in Asia. Japan's economy followed the US's example. Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods. Japan's government made extremely wise alliances.
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Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods.
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How would a government legally take control of another territory to add it to its own? Annex it. Append it. Incorporate it. Appropriate it.
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Annex it.
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Which similar challenge did China and Japan face following the Sino-Japanese War? Their militaries needed to be modernized. Their isolation left them far behind Europe. They needed to nurture European allies. They needed to leave tradition behind.
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Their isolation left them far behind Europe.
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Which are characteristics of China? Select all that apply. It had foreign spheres of influence. It won the Sino-Japanese War. It failed to institute reforms. It avoided modernization. It rapidly industrialized.
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It had foreign spheres of influence. It won the Sino-Japanese War. It failed to institute reforms. It avoided modernization. It rapidly industrialized.
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The image depicts the end of the Sino-Japanese War. What does this image best depict regarding the end of the Sino-Japanese War? the surrender of the Japanese after the Sino-Japanese War the mutual farewells after signing the peace agreement following the war the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress the strength and power of the Chinese versus the humbled Japanese
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the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress
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Which of these events occurred first? the Sino-Japanese War the Meiji Restoration the Treaty of Kanagawa the Tokugawa Shogunate rule
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the Tokugawa Shogunate rule
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In which ways did the Meiji Restoration modernize Japanese government and society? Select all that apply. It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It created a democracy to model that of the US. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy. It opened technology schools and universities.
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It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy.
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Which is a true statement about the Treaty of Kanagawa? It was an unequal treaty that favored Japan. It was an unequal treaty that favored the US. It was a treaty that was fair to both sides. It was a treaty that Japan was happy with.
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It was an unequal treaty that favored the US.
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How did Japan become the most powerful nation in Asia? Japan doubled its territory in Asia. Japan's economy followed the US's example. Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods. Japan's government made extremely wise alliances.
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Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods.
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The tsar was quick to agree to negotiate a peace treaty to end the Russo-Japanese War mainly because Russia feared that Japan would totally crush its forces. Russia was running low on fighting resources. Russia was winning but was unsure that it could continue to win. Russia was fighting a strong military from afar.
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Russia was fighting a strong military from afar.
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What was Commodore Perry's significant contribution to the beginning of Japan's transformation? He closed all embassies except the US. He opened Japan to the West. He made Japan open its ports to Europe. He sold US warships to Japan.
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He opened Japan to the West.
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What started the Russo-Japanese War? Russia issued a preemptive strike on Japan in the Sea of China. The conflict over Korea escalated into war near Seoul, Korea. Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia. Negotiations to avoid war broke down, and war ensued.
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Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia.
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Which similar challenge did China and Japan face following the Sino-Japanese War? Their militaries needed to be modernized. Their isolation left them far behind Europe. They needed to nurture European allies. They needed to leave tradition behind.
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Their isolation left them far behind Europe.
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How was Japan easily able to defeat China in the Sino-Japanese War? Japan's military was better trained and equipped. China surrendered quickly. China had fewer troops. Japan enlisted the help of its allies in Europe.
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Japan's military was better trained and equipped.
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What were the characteristics of the Tokugawa era in Japan? Check all that apply. The country pursued a policy of isolation. The country had advanced military technology. The country established trading relationships with dozens of countries. The country was industrialized. The country had an economy based on agriculture.
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The country pursued a policy of isolation. The country established trading relationships with dozens of countries. The country had an economy based on agriculture.
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What was the significance of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842? China got what it wanted because it showed strength during negotiation. Europeans forced the Chinese to sign it, ending the first Opium War. It prevented further wars between China and the Europeans. It was the cause of further discord leading to more wars.
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Europeans forced the Chinese to sign it, ending the first Opium War.
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What did China agree to do once the Treaty of Nanjing was signed? Check all that apply. eliminate all tariffs on imported goods create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong surrender the island of Taiwan
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eliminate all tariffs on imported goods create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong surrender the island of Taiwan
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US Secretary of State John Hay established the policy, which opened China's ports to European trade.
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open door
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The group of Chinese peasants who resented foreign influence were called the .
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boxers
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In China, food shortages, corruption in government, and high rates of opium addiction led to the Opium Wars. the Taiping Rebellion. the Boxer Rebellion. the Open Door Policy.
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the Taiping Rebellion.
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China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because China's navy was no match for Britain's advanced weaponry. Britain had help from its allies in Europe to fight the Chinese. China never had a chance after Britain's surprise attack. Britain's navy outnumbered the Chinese navy by fifty to one.
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China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because
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The end of dynastic rule in China was ultimately due to greed. opium. imperialism. isolationism.
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imperialism.
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What does this political cartoon indicate? Europeans and Japanese wanted to expand their empires. China controlled European and Japanese leaders. China wanted to gain new territories in European countries. Europeans and Japanese helped China expand its empire.
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Europeans and Japanese wanted to expand their empires.
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Persia was located between the Middle East and Great Britain. Central Asia. Africa. Russia.
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Central Asia.
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When Russia and Britain established spheres of influence in Persia, Russia and Britain ______ each gained partial control of Persia's economy. together shared total control of Persia's government. together shared total control of Persia's economy. each gained partial control of Persia's government.
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each gained partial control of Persia's economy.
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Nationalist movements in the Ottoman Empire resulted in growth and a stronger empire. independence or self-rule for many territories. new alliances with many European nations. a smaller but more stable empire.
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independence or self-rule for many territories.
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Which correctly lists all of the belligerents in the Crimean War? Russia, the Ottoman Empire, France, and Britain Russia, France, Britain, and India Russia and the Ottoman Empire Russia, France, and Britain
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Russia, the Ottoman Empire, France, and Britain
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Britain and Russia managed to peacefully share control of Persia by letting Persia decide how to divide its assets. setting up a joint committee to oversee resources. agreeing to share all duties of a protectorate. each taking charge of their own part of Persia.
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each taking charge of their own part of Persia.
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Russia and Britain competed for Persia because it offered access to the Suez Canal. control of Central Asia. land and resources. industrial power.
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land and resources.
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The British takeover of Egypt was an example of British expansionism. industrialization. colonization. economic imperialism.
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economic imperialism.
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How did buying Egypt's shares in the Suez Canal benefit Britain? It gave Britain total control of the canal and kept other nations out. It allowed Britain to form an equal trade partnership with France. It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia. It allowed Britain to form an economic partnership with Egypt.
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It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia.
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How did buying Egypt's shares in the Suez Canal benefit Britain? It gave Britain total control of the canal and kept other nations out. It allowed Britain to form an equal trade partnership with France. It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia. It allowed Britain to form an economic partnership with Egypt.
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It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia.
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Nationalist movements in the Ottoman Empire helped Europe by putting Europeans at the head of new governments. opening up new trade routes in the empire. creating allies in newly formed nations. weakening the empire as a whole.
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weakening the empire as a whole.
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Under new imperialism, Europe did not need large numbers of people to control territories because of decades of proven leadership under old imperialism. improved transportation, communication, and other advantages. carefully forged relationships with colonies' existing governments. strong central control from within European nations.
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improved transportation, communication, and other advantages.
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How was a colony different from a protectorate? A colony was protected by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A protectorate helped defend an imperial power, and a colony did not. A colony was independent of an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A colony was controlled by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.
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A colony was controlled by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.
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The passage is about Britain's imperialistic actions. It was the task of civilization to put an end to slavery, to establish Courts of Law, to teach the natives a sense of individual responsibility, of liberty, and of justice, and to teach their rulers how to apply these principles; above all, to see to it that the system of education should be such as to produce happiness and progress. I am confident that the verdict of history will award high praise to the efforts and achievements of Great Britain in the discharge of these great responsibilities... -Frederick Lugard, 1923 Which best summarizes the author's feelings about British imperialism? Native people and their rulers embraced the many benefits of imperialism. Native people praised Great Britain for bringing them happiness and progress. Imperialism was an honorable enterprise that improved life for native cultures. Imperialism empowered native people to rule themselves as they saw fit.
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Imperialism empowered native people to rule themselves as they saw fit.
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Why did European nations send missionaries to convert people in Africa and Asia to Christianity? Check all that apply. Europeans believed cultural exchange would improve international relations. Africans and Asians were continually at war over religious differences. Europeans believed Christianity would make people more civilized. Europeans wanted to expand their power around the world. Africa and Asia wanted to become part of the European empire.
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Europeans believed Christianity would make people more civilized. Europeans wanted to expand their power around the world.
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In their competition for power, nations raced to create alliances. build new colonies. educate their citizens. improve their quality of life.
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build new colonies.
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Which area was colonized under new imperialism? Africa South America Australia North America
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Africa
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How did advanced weaponry help Europe during new imperialism? It became Europe's most valuable trade export. It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans. It enabled Europeans to protect themselves from invaders. It convinced colonies of Europe's cultural superiority.
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It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans.
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By building military bases around the world, imperialist nations mainly aimed to resupply naval vessels. protect far-flung colonies. initiate wars in several places at once. avoid warfare within their own nation.
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resupply naval vessels.
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increased competition for power among European states and led to imperialism.
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nationalism
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Why did Indians gather in Amritsar in 1919? to attend a rally celebrating Gandhi's accomplishments to demand a recount of a recent election's votes to perform a mass act of civil disobedience to protest British laws and policies
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to protest British laws and policies
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Which of the following would Gandhi most likely embrace as a means of change? participating in a hunger strike attending a protest rally not stopping at red lights using tear gas
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participating in a hunger strike
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What was one change established by the British raj in India? The British raj wrote reports to investors about trading profits. The British raj built a private army made up of Indian soldiers. The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country. The British raj set up a bribery system to keep local leaders in line.
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The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country.
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The British East India Company had taken over India by the 1550s. the 1650s the 1750s. the 1850s.
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the 1750s.
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Which are symbolic representations on statues of Buddha? long earlobes, an enlarged belly, a bump on head a bump on head, long earlobes, heavy-lidded eyes short earlobes, a long neck, a bump on head a bump on head, an enlarged belly, short earlobes
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a bump on head, long earlobes, heavy-lidded eyes
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Why did India's desire for independence increase following World War II? It decided it had lived under British rule long enough. It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence. It decided to go to war against Britain unless it was freed. It realized it could succeed as an independent country.
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It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence.
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If Hindu troops won a major battle against their enemies, whom would they praise for his guidance? Brahma Buddha Shiva Vishnu
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Vishnu
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Buddhism originated during which empire? Aryan Indus Gupta Mauryan
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Mauryan
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In which spiritual concept do most Hindus believe? Four Noble Truths Eight-fold path reincarnation caste
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reincarnation
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The map below shows the partition of India. Which two areas became separate Muslim majorities after the partition? West Pakistan and India India and Burma West Pakistan and East Pakistan India and East Pakistan
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West Pakistan and East Pakistan
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indira Gandhi became India's first female prime minister because her father named her as his successor. the people of India voted her in. she was next in line after her father's assassination. she was thought to be someone who could modernize India.
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the people of India voted her in.
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Why did Gandhi encourage Indians to weave their own cloth? Textiles were a major source of income for Britain. To encourage the self-sufficiency of his people. To increase India's ability to export goods. Gandhi wanted to increase national pride.
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Textiles were a major source of income for Britain.
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The refugee crisis that occurred in India after its partition was a result of too many people trying to relocate at one time. a citizen-led protest of the partitioning. the Muslim-Hindu riots and violence. not enough land being given to Muslims.
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too many people trying to relocate at one time.
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In , the Indian National Congress adopted Gandhi's strategy to boycott British goods.
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1920
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Ten million people became after India was partitioned.
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refugees
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Why is Gandhi considered one of the most influential people of the twentieth century? He led India to independence from Britain. He inspired other leaders to be non-violent. He showed true leadership by risking jail for his beliefs. He overthrew the British government in battle.
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He inspired other leaders to be non-violent.
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Which of the following is the best example of civil disobedience? refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government not paying for a shirt at the store because you feel it was a product of child labor driving through stop signs because you believe there are too many in your neighborhood protesting outside the local jail because you feel inmates are being treated unfairly
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refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government
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Which of the following ended the post-partition fighting between Hindus and Muslims? Gandhi's protest hunger strike election of the first woman prime minister Prime Minister Nehru's reconciliation attempts Gandhi's assassination by a Hindu fanatic
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Gandhi's protest hunger strike
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If the United States was to be partitioned in the same way India was, the partition would be based on economic classes. religious groupings. social castes. occupational divisions.
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religious groupings.
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One of Jawaharlal Nehru's first duties as India's Prime Minister was to end fighting between Muslims and Hindus. relocate the post-partition refugees. improve living standards for Indians. establish a state religion in India.
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improve living standards for Indians.
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Beginning in the 1800s, the British government appointed viceroys in India to represent the interests of the crown. command a private company army. set up trade posts and textile factories. oppose the government known as the raj.
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represent the interests of the crown.
