question

During Reconstruction, the Freedmen's Bureau was able to

answer

greatly increase the number of literate freedmen.

question

Which statement about the Fourteenth Amendment is NOT true?

answer

It permitted former high-ranking Confederates to hold office.

question

What crisis marked the presidential election of 1876?

answer

Voting irregularities called 19 electoral votes into question.

question

The Redeemers portrayed themselves as

answer

the saviors of the South from the injustices of Republican rule.

question

What was the intent of many Northerners who settled in the South during Reconstruction?

answer

They wanted to create a better life for themselves and settle there permanently.

question

Who were carpetbaggers?

answer

Northerners who moved south after the Civil War

question

In what way did the Mississippi plantations owned by Confederate President Jefferson Davis and his brother Joseph become a model?

answer

Former slaves ran the plantations autonomously.

question

The romanticizing of antebellum society and the South's loss of the Civil War became known as

answer

the Lost Cause.

question

The House of Representatives voted to impeach President Johnson because

answer

he removed the Secretary of War without their approval.

question

Special Field Order No. 15 provided

answer

land to freedmen.

question

The shift in public opinion toward African American rights was embodied in Horace Greeley's

answer

strident editorials.

question

What does the image Heroes of the Colored Race represent about middle-class African Americans?

answer

They looked to their history to cultivate their hopes for the future.

question

The term Reconstruction referred to

answer

the work to remake both the South and the Union.

question

The portrayal of the children in the illustration of the Cooke sisters' schoolroom was most likely intended to

answer

counter popular views of African Americans as uncivilized.

question

A prominent figure in promoting the New South economy was

answer

newspaper editor Henry Grady.

question

In the 1868 presidential campaign, supporters of Democratic candidate Horatio Seymour were linked to

answer

racial violence.

question

Which statement would most likely have been said by a Radical Republican in 1865?

answer

"The former Confederate states should be punished for secession and slavery."

question

Which of the following was true of the Liberal Republicans during the 1870s?

answer

They broke with their party over Reconstruction.

question

Churches became the center of African-American life for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that

answer

they were a place to socialize with whites.

question

What combination of factors accounted for the ultimate abandonment of Reconstruction?

answer

weak presidential leadership, the waning engagement of Northerners, and the violence and legal machinations of white Southerners

question

Why were white Southerners derisive toward scalawags?

answer

They believed scalawags to be traitors to the white race.

question

The term "Jim Crow" referred to

answer

the Southern system of segregation and black disenfranchisement.

question

All of the following are true of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision EXCEPT that

answer

the Supreme Court justices unanimously ruled against Homer A. Plessy.

question

Why was Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction policy called the "Ten Percent Plan"?

answer

Former Confederate states could reestablish their governments once 10 percent of voters pledged loyalty to the Union.

question

Which statement best describes the outcome of the Compromise of 1877?

answer

The South gave up the presidency in exchange for more regional autonomy.

question

What does this image represent about early test cases for emancipation policies?

answer

The policies often severely curtailed the freedoms of African Americans.

question

President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction was

answer

lenient and designed to restore the Union quickly.

question

The Black Codes included all of the following EXCEPT

answer

laws preventing blacks from accepting apprenticeships.

question

Frederick Douglass once said that "a little learning, indeed, may be a dangerous thing, but the want of learning is a calamity to any people." Based on this quotation, how might he have regarded the priorities of the Freedmen's Bureau?

answer

as dangerous

question

On the Sea Islands in the early 1860s, former slaves seemed to aspire to lives as

answer

independent farmers.

question

The Panic of 1873 focused Northerners' attention on

answer

such economic issues as currency reform.

question

The Wade-Davis Bill was rendered ineffective when

answer

President Lincoln pocket vetoed the bill.

question

The grandfather clause guaranteed enfranchisement to

answer

any man whose grandfather was eligible to vote before 1867.

question

What view did the Redeemers take on the role of government?

answer

Government should be small and pro-business.

question

What appeared to be most important to President Lincoln in his vision for Reconstruction?

answer

the reunification and healing of North and South

question

In 1867, Republicans in Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act in an attempt to

answer

weaken the powers of the president.

question

What resulted from the violence of such groups as the Ku Klux Klan?

answer

African Americans were discouraged from voting.

question

In what sense were the Black Codes a return to the practice of slavery?

answer

They severely limited the legal and economic rights of former slaves.

question

One of the immediate goals of African American colleges was

answer

to train teachers in order to encourage literacy among African Americans.

question

During the 1868 election, what was the public's general impression of Ulysses S. Grant?

answer

He was celebrated as the voice of moderation.

question

Founded in 1871, Birmingham, Alabama soon became a leading producer of

answer

iron and steel.

question

The organization known as the Freedmen's Bureau was established as

answer

an all-purpose relief agency for the South.

question

Why did freedmen assert that they were owed land?

answer

They saw Southern property as the product of both their and their ancestors' unpaid labor.

question

The corruption scandal related to government-subsidized railroads was known as

answer

the Credit Mobilier scandal.

question

Which of the following best describes President Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction?

answer

Pardon would be granted to all Southerners who took an oath to the Union.

question

Why was the Fifteenth Amendment not as effective as it could have been in the enfranchisement of African Americans?

answer

The amendment stated that suffrage could not be denied or abridged because of certain conditions, so Southerners found other reasons to deny African Americans the right to vote.

question

What do the maps of the Barrow Plantation suggest about the settlement patterns of African American tenant farmers?

answer

Their housing was no longer confined to narrow areas of a plantation.

question

Andrew Johnson was selected as President Lincoln's running mate in the 1864 presidential election in order to appeal to

answer

Southern unionists.

question

All of the following statements about sharecropping are true EXCEPT that

answer

tenant farmers independently selected the crops that they wanted to cultivate.

question

The drawing The Black Codes in Action depicts the practice of

answer

auctioning off the service of black men who were convicted of vagrancy.

question

Which statement best describes how the situation depicted in Winslow Homer's painting A Visit from the Old Mistressaccords with the myth of the Lost Cause?

answer

The wariness of the African American women belies the idea that racial relations in the "Old South" had been harmonious.

question

In the early years of Reconstruction, the majority of teachers who educated Southern freedmen were

answer

white women from the North.

question

To inspire newly freed slaves, a Boston Christian organization published the autobiography of

answer

Phillis Wheatley.

question

President Grant was re-elected in the 1872 presidential election despite

answer

the scandals that shook his administration.

question

In 1867, the majority of the delegates elected to state constitutional conventions in the South were

answer

white Republicans.

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