Government Test Study Guide – Flashcards
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America's First Constitution; under this the states had all the power
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Articles of Confederation
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US' Current formal plan of government
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US Constitution
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formal plan of government that sets rules and laws
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constitution
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Where the Constitutional Convention was held
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Philadelphia
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the number of delegates that attended the Constitutional Convention
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55
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President of the Constitutional Convention
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George Washington
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Father of the Constitution
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James Madison
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Said that the # of representatives in Congress should be based on population
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Virginia Plan
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Said that the # of representatives in Congress should be equal for each state
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New Jersey Plan
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Suggested by Roger Sherman; said that a bicameral Congress should be created with the House being based on population and the Senate having an equal number
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Great Compromise
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Said that for every 5 slaves, 3 could be counted as part of the South's population
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3/5 Compromise
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A 2-house legislature; Congress is an example
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Bicameral Legislature
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Main job is to make laws
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Legislative Branch
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Main job is to enfore/execute laws
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Executive Branch
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Main job is to interpret laws
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Judicial Branch
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Those that supported a new Constitution; did not like the Articles of Confederation; made up of wealthy men
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Federalists
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Those that still supported the Articles of Confederation because they believed it should be fixed, rather than redone; made up of poorer farmers
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Anti-Federalists
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Leader of the Executive Branch in NC
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Governor
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Leader(s) of the Legislative Branch in NC
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General Assembly
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Leader(s) of the Judicial Branch in NC
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NC Supreme Court
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First university in NC
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UNC
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Where NC's capital was moved to because New Bern was too close to the coast
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Raleigh
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This capital was too close to the coast and not in a centralized location
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new bern
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People are the source of the government's power; one of the 7 principles of the Constitution
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Popular Sovereignty
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A system of government where people elect their representatives
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Republicanism
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Principle that says powers are shared between the state and Federal governments
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Federalism
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NC and other states demanded that this be added to the Constitution before they would ratify it
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Bill of Rights
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This system of our government prevents any one branch of government from becoming too powerful
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Checks and Balances
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how old someone must be to run for president
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35 years old
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To run for president, you must be a natural born ________________
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citizen
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How long you must be a resident of the US to run for president
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14 years
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Leader of the Legislative Branch for the US
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Congress
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Leader of the Executive Branch for the US
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President
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Leader of the Judicial Branch for the US
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US Supreme Court
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# of years that a president serves in one term
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4
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How long Supreme Court judges serve
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Life
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# of years that the House serves in one term
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2
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# of years that the Senate serves in one term
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6
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This person appoints Supreme Court Judges
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President
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This group approves Supreme Court judges that have been appointed
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Senate
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a government in which citizens rule through elected officials
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republic
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a law or regulation
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ordinance
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Powers that belong to Federal government only; this is one of the 4 major powers
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Enumerated Powers
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the freeing of some enslaved person
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manumission
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Powers that are not specifically defined in the Constitution; this is one of the 4 major powers
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Implied Powers
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an agreement between 2 or more sides in which each side gives up some of what it wants
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compromise
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a part of a document that deals with a single subject
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articles
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to give official approval to
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ratify
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an additional to a formal document such as the Constitution
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amendment
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Powers that are shared by the Federal and State governments; this is one of the 4 major powers
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Concurrent Powers
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Powers that belong only to the State Governments; this is one of the 4 major powers
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Reserved Powers
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Part of the preamable that means to keep peace at home and amongst the people
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Domestic Tranquility
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Part of the preamable that means the well-being of the people
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General Welfare
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Part of the preamable that means basic rights and freedoms of citizens
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Blessings of Liberty
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Part of the preamable that means future generations
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Posterity
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The most important responsibility of American Citizens
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Voting
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Serving as a witness and serving on a jury are considered ____________ of all US citizens because it is required.
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Duties
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Principle of the Constitution that states the government is limited by listing powers it does and does not have.
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Limited Government
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Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press, Assembly, and Petition
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1st Amendment
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Right to Bear Arms
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2nd Amendment
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No Quartering of Troops
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3rd Amendment
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No illegal search and seizure
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4th Amendment
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Due Process of Law, Plead the 5th, Miranda Rights, No double jeopardy
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5th Amendment
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Right to a speedy trial, right to a lawyer
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6th Amendment
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Right to a jury trial in civil cases where someone is being sued for more than $20
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7th Amendment
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No cruel and unusual punishment; no excessive bail
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8th Amendment
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Not all powers are mentioned in the Constitution; this one covers the little things like wearing glasses, having a family, etc.
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9th Amendment
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Amendment that says some powers have been reserved for the States (marriage/divorce laws, driving laws, etc.)
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10th Amendment
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Part of the Preamble that means we will have military (army) to protect us
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Common Defense
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How old someone must be to run for the US House of Representatives
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25
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How old someone must be to run for the US Senate
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30
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For a ________ to become a law, it must first go through both houses of the Senate, then be approved (or vetoed) by the president.
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Bill
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These are things we SHOULD do as citizens, but are not required to. An example would be voting.
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responsibilites
