GLY 1880 Topic 2
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Brittle deformation occurs more commonly in rocks at depth from the subsurface rather than near the surface
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False
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Ocean ridge earthquakes tend to be shallow and weaker than subduction zone earthquakes
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True
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The ________ is the source of a given set of earthquake waves, generally in the subsurface of the earth. It represents the point of origin for the earthquake
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focus
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Very strong earthquakes never occur in the interior of tectonic plates
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False
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When the stress exerted on rocks exceeds their strength or natural resistance to being deformed, they can lose their internal cohesion and fracture
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True
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Each whole number increase in the Ritcher magnitude scale represents a 10 times increase in the earthquake wave amplitude
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True
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The amplitude of seismic wave arrivals as marked on a seismograph is a function of the intensity of the earthquake
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True
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The geologic study of earthquakes is called
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seismology
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The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale measure earthquake intensities in what range?
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I to XII
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The location of an earthquake can be determined by the arrival times of p and s-waves from a minimum of how many seismographs?
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3
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With each increase of one unit on the Richter scale there is an approximately how many fold increase in the energy released?
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31 fold
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The vast majority of all seismic energy occurs near what type of plate boundary
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trenches
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This earthquake scale measures the size of an earthquake based on what happened at the source rather than on the amount of ground movement at distance from its point of origin
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Moment Magnitude
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A measure of the intensity and concentration of the applied force on a given area is
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stress
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Love waves and Rayleigh waves are
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surface earthquake waves
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As with the motion of sound waves, these earthquake waves move by alternately pushing (compressing) and pulling (dilating) the rock
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P-waves
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More of the most deadly earthquakes (4 of the top 10) in history occurred in this country
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China
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Rocks can undergo ductile deformation where they deform permanently without fracturing or losing cohesion
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True
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The response of strain in rocks depends on
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all of these
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The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale measures what parameters of an earthquake
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personal observations of witnesses and the structural damage observed
