Gen Psych-Ch 1 – Flashcards
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After the horror of 9/11, many people said the CIA and FBI should obviously have foreseen the likelihood of this form of terrorism. This perception most clearly illustrates
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hindsight bias
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An integrated understanding of the explanations provided by the neuroscience, cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by
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a biopsychosocial approach
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Professor Carter observes and records the behavior of grocery shoppers as they select items to purchase. Which type of research is Professor Carter using?
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naturalistic observation
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Dual processing refers to simultaneously processing information on separate ________ tracks.
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conscious and unconscious
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Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of
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nature versus nurture.
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Psychological theories
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do all of these things.
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Researchers are testing the potential effect of hunger on taste sensitivity. Groups of research participants are deprived of food for differing lengths of time before being given a taste-sensitivity test. This research is an example of
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an experiment.
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Mr. Brown has gathered evidence that the self-esteem of students is negatively correlated with their typical levels of anxiety. Before he uses this evidence to conclude that self-esteem reduces anxiety, Mr. Brown should first be reminded that
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correlation does not prove causation.
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Which method offers the most reliable way of assessing whether athletic performance is boosted by drinking soda with caffeine in it?
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the experiment
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In a study of factors that might affect memory, research participants were assigned to drink either an alcoholic or a nonalcoholic beverage prior to completing a memory test. Those who drank the nonalcoholic beverage were assigned to the ________ group.
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control
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Which perspective studies why the fear of darkness may have promoted the survival of our human ancestors?
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evolutionary
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A correlation of +0.70 between children's physical height and their popularity among their peers indicates that
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greater popularity is associated with greater physical height in children.
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A negative correlation between people's physical health and their marital happiness would indicate that
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greater marital happiness is associated with poor physical health
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A tendency to notice and remember instances in which our hunches about future disasters are subsequently followed by harmful events contributes to
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illusory correlations.
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Every twenty-fifth person who ordered a subscription to a weekly news magazine was contacted by market researchers to complete a survey of opinions regarding the magazine's contents. The researchers were using a technique known as
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random sampling.
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When Leanne heard about experimental evidence that drinking orange juice triggers overactivity in children, she questioned whether the tested children had been randomly assigned to experimental conditions. Leanne's reaction best illustrates
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critical thinking.
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