question

Which class of nutrients comprises 60% of body weight?

answer

Water

question

When the cells of the ______ are stimulated, the desire to eat subsides.

answer

satiety center of the brain

question

The health status of "baby boomers" appears lower than that of the previous generation.

answer

True

question

The local food system is ________ than the global food system

answer

complimentary to

question

Water would be adequate for replenishing lost fluids for which of the following athletes? Select all that apply.

answer

A runner who completes a 5-kilometer race in 28 minutes, A swimmer who trains in the pool for 45 minutes.

question

A kilocalorie is a measure of

answer

heat energy

question

Which of the following is not a class of essential nutrients?

answer

Alcohol

question

The distance a typical food travels from farm to table is

answer

1500-2500 miles

question

Recent studies clearly indicate an association between TV advertising of foods and drinks and ______________________, especially in the United States.

answer

the prevalence of childhood obesity

question

One cup of chocolate milk contains 15 grams of carbohydrates, 8 grams of fat, and 8 grams of protein. This cup of chocolate milk supplies ______ kilocalories.

answer

164

question

Which of the following is not a characteristic of protein?

answer

Most significant energy source for humans

question

A ______ is generally a fake medicine used to disguise the treatments of participants in an experiment.

answer

placebo

question

Shelby weighs 70 kilograms, which is _____ pounds.

answer

154

question

Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as

answer

carbohydrates

question

When in Europe, you are told that you are eating a steak weighing 140 grams. This is equivalent to how many ounces?

answer

5

question

A local food system can always be described by each of the following concepts EXCEPT

answer

better nutrition

question

On average, Americans consume approximately ______% of total kilocalories as fat.

answer

33

question

Healthy People 2020 was designed to

answer

eliminate health disparities, improve access to health education and quality health care, and strengthen public health services.

question

Which of the following most accurately describes the term epidemiology?

answer

A study of how disease rates vary among different population groups

question

Which of the following measures does NOT assess nutritional status?

answer

Psychoanalysis

question

A food label states that a serving of a particular product provides 20 percent of the Daily Value for fat. This means that

answer

a serving of this product provides about 13 grams of fat

question

Which meal contains foods from all food groups represented in MyPlate?

answer

Refried beans, onions, tomatoes, and cheddar cheese wrapped in a tortilla; orange; and water

question

Which statement best describes the healthful diet principle of moderation?

answer

Pay attention to portion size and plan your entire day's diet so that you don't overconsume nutrient sources.

question

The acronym RDA stands for

answer

Recommended Dietary Allowance.

question

Measurements of height, weight, body circumferences, and body fat are called

answer

anthropometry

question

One serving of Raisin Bran cereal contains 50 percent of the 18 mg Daily Value for iron. How much iron will one serving of your cereal provide?

answer

9 mg

question

According to MyPlate, consumption of foods from the Grains group should include

answer

at least half of the grain servings as whole grain cereals, breads, crackers, rice, or pasta every day.

question

Two tablespoons (tbsp) of salad dressing, peanut butter, or margarine is about the size of a

answer

golf ball

question

The RDAs for nutrients generally are

answer

designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people

question

Which of the following is NOT a wise application of MyPlate?

answer

Eliminating foods from the Fruits group to lose weight

question

Which term describes failing health that results from a long-standing dietary intake that is inadequate to meet nutritional needs?

answer

Undernutrition

question

According to MyPlate, an adult age 18 or older should consume how many cups of milk or milk equivalents per day on a 2,000-calorie diet?

answer

3

question

Which government agency is responsible for regulating most U.S. food labeling?

answer

Food and Drug Administration

question

Kate consumes 1,900 kilocalories each day. She requires 1,750 kilocalories to meet daily energy needs. Over time, Kate's kilocalorie consumption could lead to

answer

overnutrition

question

Which of the following statements is consistent with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

answer

Balance the calories you eat with physical activity

question

The villi of the small intestine

answer

provide an enormous surface area that facilitates absorption

question

Which of the following body organs produces bile?

answer

Liver

question

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

answer

nutrigenomics.

question

Peristalsis refers to

answer

muscular movement of materials through the GI tract

question

Absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells occurs by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT

answer

sustained absorption.

question

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

answer

Active absorption

question

Which of the following is NOT a short-term storage site for carbohydrates in the body?

answer

brain

question

When a nutrient moves freely from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower, this is called

answer

Passive diffusion

question

The ring-like muscles that retard or prevent backflow of partially digested food in the gastrointestinal tract are called

answer

sphincters

question

Which of the following is NOT considered part of the GI tract?

answer

Kidneys

question

A serving of bleu cheese dressing containing 23 grams of fat would yield _____ kilocalories from fat.

answer

23 grams of fat x 9 kcal/g = 207 kcal from fat.

question

Prairie Fruits Farm produces all except:

answer

Corn and soybeans

question

Which of the following nutrition-related diseases is not one of the three leading causes of death in the United States? Cancer Cardiovascular Disease Pneumonia Diabetes

answer

Diabetes

question

Certain nutrients provide us with energy. Some are important for growth and development. Others act to keep body functions running smoothly. Which of the following nutrients does not promote growth and development as its primary function? Lipids Carbohydrates Proteins Minerals

answer

Carbohydrates

question

The essential nutrients:

answer

Cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health

question

The Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the National Academy of Sciences advocates that 10% to 35% of calories come from protein and ________________ from carbohydrate. 20% to 35% 45% to 65% 50% to 70% 55% to 75%

answer

45% to 65%

question

Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as

answer

Carbohydrates

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamins? -Enable chemical processes in the body -Provide energy -Made in sufficient quantities by the body -Become structural components of the body

answer

Enable chemical processes in the body

question

Minerals can provide energy. be destroyed during cooking. be degraded by the body. become part of the body structural systems.

answer

Become a part of the body structural systems

question

Which of the following is not a characteristic of carbohydrates?

answer

Contain more kilocalories than protein

question

The RDAs for nutrients are set

answer

to cover the needs of 97% - 98% of the population.

question

According to MyPlate, how much do you need from the Protein Foods group when consuming a 2,000-calorie diet?

answer

5 1/2 ounces every day

question

Gram for gram, which provides the most energy? Alcohol Proteins Carbohydrates Fats

answer

Fats

question

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of protein

answer

Most significant energy source for humans

question

Adequate Intakes (AI)

answer

are established for nutrients for which there is not enough information to set RDAs.

question

Which of the following is not true about water? Provides a way to transport nutrients and wastes Provides energy By-product of cell chemical reactions Dietary need of approximately 9-13 cups per day

answer

Provides energy

question

Which of the following is true about the energy content of nutrients? Alcohol supplies 9 kilocalories per gram. Lipids and alcohol supply 9 kilocalories per gram. Carbohydrates and proteins supply 4 kilocalories per gram. Lipids supply 7 kilocalories per gram.

answer

Carbohydrates and proteins supply 4 kilocalories per gram.

question

A large hamburger (e.g., Whopper) sandwich contains 628 kilocalories and 36 grams of fat. Approximately what percentage of the total energy is contributed by fat?

answer

52%

question

Which of the following does not regulate body processes?

answer

Carbohydrates

question

Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not digested in the stomach or small intestine? Dextrose Disaccharides Dietary fiber Simple sugars

answer

Dietary fiber (large intestine)

question

The "Freshman 15" is the term used to describe the typical waist circumference of college students after freshman year. amount of weight (in pounds) typically gained during freshman year of college. typical BMI of college students after freshman year. typical body fat percentage of college students after freshman year.

answer

amount of weight (in pounds) typically gained during freshman year of college.

question

Which of the following contain no calories? Vitamins Proteins Carbohydrates Alcohol

answer

Vitamins

question

Which of the following is NOT a simple carbohydrate - Starch -Disaccharide -Table sugar -Monosaccharide

answer

Starch (Complex)

question

Which of the following is NOT a nutrition and weight status objective from Healthy People 2020?

answer

Increase the consumption of protein

question

Which of the following terms describes psychological influences that encourage us to find and eat food? Appetite Hunger Satiety Obsession

answer

Appetite

question

Current factors that can influence American food habits negatively are:

answer

Social changes that are leading to a general time shortage for many of us

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the six categories of Healthy People 2020: Nutrition and Weight Status Objectives? Food Insecurity Healthier Food Access Iron Deficiency Calcium Deficiency

answer

Calcium Deficiency

question

The 2012 Food and Health Survey indicated that after taste, __________ is now the number two reason why people choose the food they do.

answer

Cost

question

The cruciferous vegetables include broccoli, cabbagge, and kale. True False

answer

True

question

Which of the following adults is engaging in binge drinking? Select all that apply.

answer

A man who drinks a six pack of 12-fl oz bottles of beer at a cookout.; A woman who drinks six 5-fl oz glasses of wine at a cocktail party.

question

Which of the following are among the six classes of essential nutrients? Select all that apply. water phytochemicals protein alcohol

answer

Water, protein

question

Which of the following are examples of phytochemicals? -carotenoids -flavonoids -resveratrol -cholesterol

answer

Carotenoids, flavonoids, resveratrol

question

When you're in Europe, you are told that you are eating a steak weighing 140 grams. This is equivalent to how many ounces?

answer

5

question

Pat purchases a two liter bottle of root beer. This would be approximately

answer

2 quarts

question

On average, Americans consume approximately ___% of total kilocalories as fat.

answer

33%

question

Which of the following nutrients can be broken down to provide energy? Select all that apply. Carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins

answer

Carbohydrate, protein, fat

question

Which of the following are functions of the essential nutrients? Select all that apply. Provide energy Promote growth, development, and maintenance Regulate body processes Treat or cure diseases

answer

Promote growth, development, maintenance, regulate body processes, provide energy

question

One cup of chocolate milk contains 15 grams of carbohydrates, 8 grams of fat, and 8 grams of protein. This cup of chocolate milk supplies ______ kilocalories.

answer

164

question

A weight reduction regimen calls for a daily intake of 1400 kilocalories and 30 grams of fat. Approximately ___% of the total energy is provided by fat.

answer

19

question

Which of the following are potential health consequences of eating disorders?

answer

-Loss of menstrual period, bone loss, heart abnormalities

question

Which of the following accurately describes the term hypothesis?

answer

An educated guess by a scientist to explain a phenomenon

question

In the _________________ experimental design, neither the participants nor the researchers are aware of each participant's assignment (test or placebo) or the outcome of the study until it is completed. animal model case control double-blinded clinical trial

answer

double-blinded

question

Of the following, which is NOT an element of a community (local) food system? Organic vegetables at County Market Hospital cafeterias using local produce CSA programs Farmers Markets

answer

Organic vegetables at County Market

question

Organic food

answer

Is grown on farmland that meets very specific USDA rules

question

After FSHN 120 scores (exams, quizzes, NAP, etc) have been posted on Compass, you have ___ to challenge the score

answer

one week

question

Of the following, which is NOT an assumed benefit of a local food system?

answer

The food is grown on an organic farm

question

What term is commonly used to describe foods that are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides?

answer

Organic

question

The local food system is ________ than the global food system

answer

complimentary to

question

To gain credit, the FSHN 120, Journal entries must have _____ full days IN BETWEEN entries

answer

5

question

Becky's office hours are

answer

1-2PM MW

question

Becky was a Peace Corps Volunteer in ____

answer

the Philippines

question

There are _____ exams in FSHN 120 and everyone will use their top ______ scores for final grade calculations

answer

5 and 4

question

The RDAs for nutrients are set

answer

to cover the needs of 97% - 98% of the population

question

Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status?

answer

Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs.

question

Which meal contains foods from all food groups represented in MyPlate?

answer

Refried beans, onions, tomatoes, and cheddar cheese wrapped in a tortilla; orange; and water

question

Ann Miles, a triathlete, wants to eat a health-promoting diet and achieve dietary adequacy. Which principles should she follow to achieve dietary proportionally?

answer

Consume a variety of foods from MyPlate's five major food groups every day.

question

Which statement best describes nutrient density?

answer

Consume foods that have the most nutrients compared to their kilocalories

question

The RDAs are considered to be adequate to meet the known nutritional needs of

answer

Nearly all healthy persons

question

Tina is consuming 15 mg of iron per day. Her RDA is 18 mg. She has no condition warranting a greater-than-normal need for iron. Which of the following statements is true about her consumption of this nutrient?

answer

Only if her intake is consistently less than 70% of the RDA would she be at great risk of nutritional deficiency.

question

You pick up a box of Cheerios cereal in the supermarket. The Nutrition Facts panel tells you that a 1-cup serving provides 25 percent of the ______ for iron.

answer

Daily value

question

A food label states that a serving of a particular product provides 20% of the Daily Value for fat. This means that

answer

A serving of this product provides about 13 grams of fat

question

The term "Daily Values" on a food label refers to

answer

a generic standard set at or close to the highest RDA value or related nutrient standard.

question

The label on a package of Kool Aid indicates that it contains vitamin C. The amount listed is a percentage of the

answer

Daily Value

question

EER refers to

answer

estimated calorie needs for the average person of a specific height, weight, age, gender, and physical activity pattern.

question

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the MyPlate Fruit group?

answer

Include plenty of fruit juices for your fruit servings.

question

Which of the following is true about the use of MyPlate?

answer

Variety is the key to the plan.

question

Margaret, an elderly woman, needs to limit her kilocalorie intake without sacrificing needed nutrients. Keeping in mind MyPlate, which of the following could she do?

answer

Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kilocalories.

question

Nutrient density can be defined as the amount of

answer

A particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of kilocalories in that serving

question

One cup of apple juice has 111 kilocalories and 1.4 mg of vitamin C. The same serving size of orange juice has 112 kilocalories and 124 mg of vitamin C. Which of the following is true regarding their nutrient density?

answer

Orange juice is more nutrient dense for vitamin C than apple juice.

question

The acronym DRI stands for

answer

Dietary Reference Intake

question

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend which of the following?

answer

Consume fewer foods with sodium (salt), saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, and refined grains.

question

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines emphasize

answer

reduction of total calories, sugar-sweetened beverages, saturated fat, and sodium

question

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of nutritional assessments?

answer

Most nutrition assessments are time-consuming, costly, and do not provide valuable information.

question

Jeff, a world-class triathlete, visits a dietitian to obtain sports nutrition advice. During his visit, Jeff is asked to recall what he ate for the past 24 hours. Which part of a nutritional assessment is this?

answer

Dietary assessment

question

Missy visits a doctor because she feels tired most of the time, is easily distracted, and feels chilled. As part of her examination, Missy has blood drawn to be tested for concentrations of nutrients and their by-products. This part of the examination is the

answer

biochemical evaluation

question

Mrs. Mitchell was hospitalized after being found unconscious in her home. A dietitian conducted a nutritional assessment, noting the general appearance of Mrs. Mitchell's skin, eyes, and tongue. Which part of the assessment is this?

answer

Clinical examination

question

Kate consumes 1,900 calories each day. She requires 1,750 calories to meet daily energy needs. Over time, Kate's calorie consumption could lead to

answer

Overnutrition

question

When looking at the ingredient label of a bottled spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second ingredient. This means that olive oil is

answer

The second most abundant ingredient by weight

question

By law, which of the following food items must display a nutrition facts label?

answer

Box of granola bars

question

Which of the following is NOT required on a nutrition label?

answer

The amount per serving of all vitamins and minerals for which there is an RDA

question

According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines, the food and nutrients to increase are

answer

Fruits, veggies, low-fat milk, whole grains

question

The number of servings to consume from each MyPlate food group depends on a person's

answer

age, gender, height, and weight.

question

The food grouping guidelines most recently released from the United States government are called

answer

MyPlate

question

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, released in 2008, advise a minimum of ___ minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity for adults.

answer

150

question

RDAs are NOT used in food labeling because

answer

they are age- and gender-specific.

question

In order to make healthful and logical nutrition decisions, beware of

answer

testimonials about personal experience.

question

The Mediterranean Diet Pyramid patterns dietary data from parts of the Mediterranean region that enjoy

answer

the lowest recorded rates of chronic diseases.

question

Alan has been hospitalized and you are concerned about his nutritional status. Which of the following are ways to assess his nutritional status? Select all that apply.

answer

Compare his current body weight to his usual body weight; Take a blood sample to test for protein levels in the blood; Ask him to recall all the foods and beverages he has consumed over the past 24 hours

question

According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines, adults should _______________ intake of fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products

answer

increase

question

According to MyPlate, eggs belong in the ____ group.

answer

protein

question

When using MyPlate to choose fruits and vegetables, one should include a vitamin C source such as citrus fruit and a dark green vegetable each day, as a source of

answer

Vitamin A

question

A comparison of the kilocalorie content of a food to the weight of that food is

answer

Energy density

question

Which of the following are major contributors of empty calories in American diets? Select all that apply.

answer

Sugar-sweetened beverages, butter, whole milk

question

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines recommend consuming less than 10% of calories from

answer

Saturated fatty acids

question

Which government agency is responsible for most U.S. food labeling?

answer

FDA

question

Transmission of nerve impulses relies on the concentrations of ______ in the neuron.

answer

sodium and potassium

question

Which of the following is stored within the nucleus of the cell and acts as a code book for synthesizing specific proteins?

answer

DNA

question

The constant turnover of body tissues requires the ______ supplied by carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

answer

Chemical energy

question

All of the following must be supplied by the diet to support the chemical processes of human physiology EXCEPT

answer

phytochemicals

question

The ___________________________ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, water balance, and many other functions

answer

endocrine

question

Bone, cartilage, muscle, and nerves are types of

answer

tissues

question

The ________________________ system shelters humans from threats such as diseases and toxins.

answer

immune

question

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?

answer

Epiglottis

question

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients, transporting them to the liver?

answer

Hepatic portal vein

question

Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

answer

Excretion of fat-soluble vitamins

question

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein to the

answer

liver

question

After digestion and absorption, which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins?

answer

Lymphatic

question

Which of the following is a feature of the lymphatic system?

answer

it picks up and transports dietary lipids

question

Where does digestion begin?

answer

The mouth

question

All of the following are features of the epiglottis EXCEPT which one?

answer

It is the first GI tract sphincter.

question

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

answer

pyloric sphincter

question

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

answer

Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach

question

What sphincter separates the small intestine from the large intestine?

answer

Ileocecal

question

The ring-like muscles that regard or prevent backflow of partially digested food in the gastrointestinal tract are called

answer

sphincters

question

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

answer

A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines

question

Which of the following is NOT a sphincter?

answer

Duodenal

question

Which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles?

answer

Controls passage of food through the GI tract

question

What substance helps suspend fat in a watery digestive mixture, making fat more available to digestive enzymes?

answer

Bile

question

Which of the following, upon digestion, is NOT normally absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

answer

Fats

question

Which of the following organs serves as a storage depot for many vitamins and minerals?

answer

Liver

question

Which of the following body organs produce bile?

answer

Liver

question

The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called

answer

peristalsis

question

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called

answer

Nutrigenetics

question

What percentage of a meal has been absorbed by the time it leaves the small intestine?

answer

95%

question

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

answer

Enzymes that work in the acidic environment of the stomach cannot work in the basic or alkaline environment of the small intestine and vice versa.

question

When food enters the small intestine, a hormone simulates the release of _______ from the pancreas

answer

bicarbonate

question

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

answer

chyme

question

Which of the following substances is primarily involved in the emulsification of fat to facilitate its digestion?

answer

Bile

question

Which of the following true regarding bile?

answer

It is produced by the liver.

question

The most active area for the absorption of nutrients into the body is the

answer

small intestine

question

In passive absorption, nutrients enter the cell

answer

From an area of higher solute concentration, to one of lower concentration

question

A function of the large intestine is to absorb:

answer

Water and minerals

question

Which of the following therapies is appropriate treatment for occasional heartburn?

answer

Antacids

question

All of the following are characteristics of heartburn EXCEPT which one?

answer

It subsides when a person relaxes and lies down after a meal.

question

Constipation can best be prevented by

answer

Eating dietary fiber

question

Which of the following is an important dietary recommendation for avoiding heartburn?

answer

Eat smaller meals that are lower in fat

question

Most stomach ulcers are caused by ____ infection.

answer

Helicobacter pylori

question

When a nutrient moves, with the help of a carrier, from an area of higher solute concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration is lower, this is called

answer

Facilitated diffusion

question

A compound that allows for communication between one cell and the next is a

answer

neurotransmitter

question

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

answer

Mitochondria

question

The component of feces include which of the following? Select all that apply.

answer

Water; bacterial cells; fiber; worn-out intestinal cells

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