First aid Corrections – Flashcards
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skeletal system
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supporting framework for the body, giving it shape and protecting vital organs, Attains mobility from the atached muscles and manufactors red blood cells
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Cardiac muscles
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muscles in the heart that constantly work to expand and contract it.
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Central Nervous System
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Located in the brain and spinal cord components are the bodys main fram coputer where all communications and control originate
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Circulatory System
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Pumps blood throughout the body, consists of heart, blood vessels and blood
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Digestive system
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ingests and digests food and nutrients, includes the stomach, pancreas, lover, gallbladder and small and large intestine.
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Femur
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Thighbone, the longest and strongest bone in the human body
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Involuntary Muscles
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Smooth muscles that carry out many automatic body functions
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muscular system
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gives body shape, protects internal organs and provides body movement
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nervous system
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controls voluntary and involuntary body activity. Supports higher mental functions such as thought and emotion. Allows the individual to be aware of and react to he environment, and keeps the rest of the body's systems working together
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Peripheral Nervous System
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includes nerves that connect to the spinal cord and branch out to every other part of the body, serves as a 2 way communication system
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Respiratory System
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Delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the blood
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Universal precautions
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Procedures designed to prevent transmission of HIV, HEPB, or other blood bourne pathogens
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TB
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Tuberculosis, high infectious airbourne disease
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STD
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Sexually Transmitted Disease. Infection transmitted through sexual contact, among the most common infectious diseases.
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PPE
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Personal Protective Equipment. Items that protect individuals from harmful substances, infections, or other people. Includes eye protection, gloves, shields and biohazard bags
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MRSA
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Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. Type of bacteria that is highly conagious and resistant to certain antibiotics, causes a skin infection that is red, swollen, painful, or warm to the touch. May have purulent drainage or appear to be a spider bite, boil or pimple.
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HIV
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Bloodbourne virus that attacks the immune system and causes AIDS.
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Hepatitis C virus
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Most common chronic blood bourne infection primarily transmitted through direct contact w/human blood. From sharing needles or drug paraphernalia, or form an infected mother delivering her baby
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Hepatitis B virus
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Highly infectious disease spread through sexual contact. Sharing contaminated needles(drugs) or blood transfusions
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Hepatitis A virus
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Highly infectious disease spread by person to person contact, generally through fecal contamination or oral injestion
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CDC
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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BSI
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Body Substance Isolation. Controlling infection by seperating patients from each other, includes 2 basic behaviors that use of medical PPE and personal behaviors that reduce risk
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AIDS
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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Caused by HIV
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Airborne Disease
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Any infection spread from person to person through the air, caused by breathing in microscopic, disease bearing organisms called pathogens.
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Expressed Consent
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Consent that is clearly and unmistakably stated
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Good Samaritan Act
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Protects physicians who render emergency care from civil suits. FLs good Samaritan ace also protects first aid providers
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HIPAA
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Protects the rights of patients and restricts release of patient information
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Implied Consent
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Consent inferred from conduct rather than from direct expression
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Informed Consent
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A persons agreement to allow something to happen, made w/ full knowledge of the ricks involved and the alternatives
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Medic Alert
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Bracelet, knecklace, or card that alerts medical personnel to a specific medical condition.
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Negligence
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Failure to use due or reasonable care in a situation, resulting in harm to another(legal); failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in similar situations.
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Abandonment
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Relinquishing of a right or interest w/ the intention of never again claiming it
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Advanced Directive
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Documents a patients request to withhold specific medical care
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AED
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Automated External Defibrillator
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Breach of Duty
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Failure of an officer to act or failure to act appropriatly
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DNR
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Do Not Resuscitate. Documents the terminally or chronically ill patients wish to refuse resuscitation
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Excited Delirium
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State of extreme mental or physiological excitement due to extreme drug use. Characterized by extreme agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, and exceptional strength and endurance without apparent fatigue can lead to death.
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CO
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Carbon Monoxide, a potentially poisonous by product of combustion
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Anaphylaxis
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Severe allergic reaction in which air passages swell and restrict breathing, caused by insect bites or stings, pollen, medications, foods, chemicals or other substances
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Hypothermia
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Excessive cooling of bodys core temp
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Hyperthermia
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When a body can't recover fluid loss
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Frost bite
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Localized injury from over exposure to cold
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Insulin
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The hormone needed to convert sugar, startches and other food into energy needed for daily life
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Disbetes
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A disease where the body doesn't produce or properly us insulin
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Stroke
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Damage to the part of the brain due to rupture or blocage of a blood vessel
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Heart attack
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Caused by oxygen deprivation to part of the heart, typically from a blocked blood vessel
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Asthma
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Results from the narrowing of airway, passages, causing breath difficulties
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Uterus
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Organs that hold the developing fetus
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Umbilical Cord
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Connects the fetus and the mother, provides nourishment to the fetus
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Placental
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3rd stage of labor during which the placenta seperates from the uterine wall and moves through the birth canal for delivery
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placenta
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Disk shaped inner linning of uterus, provides nourishment and oxygen to a fetus.
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Labor
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Final phase of pregnancy, begins the birthing process
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Expulsion
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2nd stage labor, the fetus moves through the birth canal and is delivered
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Dilation
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First stage of labor that begins with the initial contraction and continues until the fetus enters the birth canal
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Cervix
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neck of the uterus; contains a mucus plug
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Birth canal
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Passage the fetus is pushed through during delivery
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Amniotic Sac
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Bag of fluid surrounding the fetus
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Thermal Burn
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A burn that occurs when a external heat source comes into contact w/ the skin
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Superficial Burn
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1st degree burn that damages the first layer of skin; becomes red and feels very painful
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Partial thickness Burn
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2nd degree burn that damages the first 2 skin layers which blister and feel very painful
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Full thickness Burn
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3rd degree burn that damages all skin layers and affects muscles and nerves, causes skin to look waxy, white or charred
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Inhalation Burn
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Occurs when a patient has a burn to any part of the airway
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Electrical Burn
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When a manmade or natural electricity comes into contact with the skin and body causing skin or internal organs to burn
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Chemical Burn
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Occurs when a burning chemical comes into contact w/skin
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PMS
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Pulse, Motor, Sensory function. when examining extremities for potential injuries indicates what to check for.
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Open fracture
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Fracture where the skin @ the injury site is broken and the bone may protrude through the skin
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Fracture
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A bone break
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Dislocation
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Injury occurring when the end of a bone comes out of its socket at the joint
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Closed fracture
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Fracture in which the skin at the injury site remains intact
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Sucking chest injury
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Type of open chest injury in which air and/or blood escapes into the area surrounding lungs, creating a change in the pressure of the chest cavity
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Open chest Injury
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A fracture where the skin at the injury site is broken and the bone may protrude through the skin
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Flail Chest
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Closed chet injury that occurs when 2 or more adjacent ribs are fractures in 2 or more places and become free floating
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Closed chest injury
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results from blunt trauma to the chest area, damages internal organs and/or causes internal bleeding
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Abdominal Evisceration
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An open wound where organs protrude from the abdominal cavity
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Occlusive
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Airtight
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Venous Bleeding
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Bleeding where dark red blood flows steadily from a wound, indicating a severed or damaged vein
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Tourniquet
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a device such as bandage that restricts blood flow to an extremity such as arm or leg
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Swelling
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Soft tissue that is raised when blood or ther body fluids pool beneath the skin at the injury site
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Puncture Wound
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the result of driving a sharp or blunt, pointed object into soft tissue
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Laceration
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open wound in soft tissue
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Hematoma
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A closed injury that evidences as a discolored lump
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Evisceration
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open wound where the organs protrude
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Contusion
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closed injury that is discolored and painful at the injury site
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Capillary bleeding
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dark red blood oozing from a wound indicating damaged capillarys
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bruising
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obvious discoloration of soft tissue
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Avulsion
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injury characterized by a flap of skin torn or cut, that may not be completely loose from the body
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Arterial Bleeding
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Bright red spurting from a wound indicating a damaged artery
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Amputation
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Gross removal of appendage
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Abrasion
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open wound caused by scraping, shearing away or rubbing the outtermost skin layer
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Shock
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Failure of the heart and blood vessels to maintain enough oxygen rich blood flowing to the vital organs of the body
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Triage
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system of sorting and classifying of patients; determines order in which patients receive medical attention. Assesses a large number of victims rapidly
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START
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Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment. Method of triage that asseses a large number of victims rapidly using personnel with limited medical training
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MCI
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Multiple Casualty Incident. Incident that involved more than one victim
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ICS
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Incident Command System
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Recovery Postition
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a position where the patient is rolled over (onto side) with knees bent, helps maintain an open airway if the patient vomits and may prevent positional Asphyxia
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Positional Asphyxia
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Death as a result of a body position that interferes with ones ability to breathe
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Emergency Move
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A relocation performed when a patient is in immediate danger or when the patients location prevents providing care to him or her or another patient
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SAMPLE
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Signs, Symptons, Allergies, Mediations, Past history, Last oral intake, Events. Method to help officer cquire info useful in determining causes of injury or illness
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LOC
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Level Of Consciousness. Patients mental status due to illness or injury
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DOTS
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Deformities, Open injuries, Tenderness, Swelling. Injuries and symptoms to look for during a physical assessment of a potentially injured person
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Cyanosis
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Changes in Circulation causing lips, palms and nail beds to turn blue
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Duty to act
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Duty to take some action to prevent harm to another and for the failure of which one may be liable depending on the relationship of the parties and circumstances
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CPR
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
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EMT
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stands for the Emergency Medical Technicians
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USDOT
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United States department Of Transportation
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ABCs
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Airway,Breathing,Circulation
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EMS system
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Network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out of hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness
