question

Magna Carta

answer

Charter of liberties agreed to by King John of England, it made the king obey the same laws of citizens

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Mayflower Compact

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Document written by Pilgrims establishing political society and set rules for self-gvt.

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English Bill of Rights

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Shift of political power form British monarchy to Parliament

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Great Awakening

answer

Religious movement widespread in American colonies (1730's-1750's)

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Declaration of Independence

answer

Document written to declare the colonies free from British rule

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Articles of Confederation

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Document that created the first central government for U.S., replaced by constitution

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Shay's Rebellion

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Uprisings of mass farmers, (Daniel Shay) protested high taxes

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Land Ordinance of 178 and Northwest Ordinance of 1787

answer

Legislation passed by Congress, authorizing survey's and division of public lands in western region of country

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Constitutional Convention

answer

Mtg. held in Philadelphia at which delegates from states wrote the Constitution

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Constitution of the United States

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set of principles that determined duties/powers of the gvt. → document that is the foundation of U.S. federal gvt. Outlining three branches (j, l, e)

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The United States' Bill of Rights

answer

first 10 amendments to the U.S. constitution, ratified in 1791

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George Washington

answer

Revolutionary war hero, patriot, representative of Continental Congress, commanded army, unanimously elected for 2 presidential terms

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Alexander Hamilton

answer

American statesman, member of Congress, and Constitutional Convention, developed Bank of U.S.

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Bank of the United States, National Bank

answer

Chartered by congress in 1791, provided u.s. security for money Hamilton was for, Jefferson against

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Whiskey Rebellion

answer

protest of small farmers in Pennsylvania against taxes on Whiskey (Remember, Washington-Whiskey

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Washington's Farewell Address

answer

1796, Washington didn't run for third prez. Term, farewell address written with help from Hamilton and Madison, 3 pieces of advice: NO political parties, debt and foreign alliances KEY WORDS: speech, retirement

question

John Adams

answer

American statesman, delegate to con. Congress, member of committee that drafted the declaration, vice prez to George Washington, second pres of united states

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Alien and Sedition Acts

answer

Laws passed by federalist dominated congress aimed at protecting the government from treasonous ideas, actions, and people

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Federalist Party vs. the Democratic Republican Party

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D:political party founded in 1790's by Jefferson, madison, and other leaders who wanted to preserve the power of the state governments and promote agriculture/F: political party created in 1790's and influenced by Alexander Hamilton that wanted to strengthen the federal government and promote industry and trade

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Thomas Jefferson

answer

American statesman, member of continental congress (2), charimena of the committee to draft the declaration, declaration's main author and one of its signers, third president

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Marbury v. Madison

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Supreme Court Case that established principle of judicial review

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Louisiana Purchase

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Purchase of French land btwn Mississippi and the Rocky mountains that doubled size of U.S.

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Lewis and Clark expedition

answer

expedition led by Meriweather Lewis and William Clark that began in 1804 to explore the Louisiana Purchase

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Embargo Acts

answer

Law that prohibited American Merchants from trading with other countries

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James Madison

answer

1809-17 in office, Dem. Rep. 5th president, constitution author

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War of 1812

answer

war btwn U.S. and Britain [trade, impressment, giving Native Americans weapons, burning of Washington D.C., star spangled banner, last war btwn. U.S. and England

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Monroe Doctrine

answer

Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility

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American System of Henry Clay

answer

Henry Clay's plan for raising tariffs to pay for internal improvements such as better roads and canals

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Andrew Jackson

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Nicknamed Old Hickory, American hero in the battle of New Orleans, as commander of the Tennessee militia defeated the Creek Indians, securing 23 million acres of land, election as 7th president was marked as an era of democracy

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Indian Removal Act & Trail of Tears

answer

congressional act that authorized removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River Trail was 800 miles, forced march made by the Cherokee from their homeland in Georgia to Indian Territory, resulted in the deaths of almost one-fourth of their people

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Manifest Destiny

answer

belief shared by many Americans in mid 1800s that the U.S. should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean

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Texas War for Independence

answer

TX vs. Mexico, San Jacinto: dead mexicans, Alamo: dead Texans, TEXAS becomes a state

question

Mexican American War

answer

revolution led by Francisco Madero in 1910, eventually forced mexican dictator Diaz to resign (Lucy did this one--is it right?) (Lucy, I think that is the Mexican Revolution, i think the Mex. American War was: was btwn U.S. & Mexico, U.S. won CA, AZ, NM, UT, NV, WY, parts of TX)

question

Industrialization

answer

period of rapid growth in use of machines and manufacturing and production that began in mid 1700s

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Andrew Carnegie

answer

American industrialist and humanitarian, focused attention on steelmaking and made a fortune through his vertical integration method STEEL STEEL STEEL STEEL

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John D. Rockefeller

answer

American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune in oil business and used vertical and horizontal integration to establish a monopoly on the steel business OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL OIL

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Leland Stanfort

answer

American railroad builder and politian, established California Central Pacific Railroad, and founded Stanford University RAILROAD, RAILROAD, RAILROAD, RAILROAD, RAILROAD, governor of California

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Unions and Labor Movements

answer

Organizations/Groups of workers that wanted shorter work hours, better working conditions, increased pay, and child labor laws

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Populist Party/Populism

answer

Political party formed in 1892 that supported free coinage of silver, work reforms, immigration restrictions, and government ownership of railroads and telegraph and telephone systems

question

Immigration

answer

people moving to another country after leaving their homeland

question

Thomas Edison

answer

American inventor of 1,000 patents, invented lightbulb and established a power plant that supplied electricity to parts of NYC.

question

Alexander Grahaqm Bell

answer

American inventor and educator, interest in electrical and mechanical devices to aid the hearing-impaired led to the development and patent of the telephone

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The Wright Brothers

answer

American pioneers of aviation, they went from experiments with kites and gliders to piloting the first successful gas-powered airplane flight and later founded the American Wright Company to manufacture airplanes

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Abolitionists

answer

people who wanted slavery to end

question

Harriet Tubman

answer

American abolitionist who escaped slavery and assisted other enslaved Africans to escape; she is the most famous Underground Railroad conductor and is known as the Moses of her people

question

Underground Railroad

answer

Network of people who helped thousands of enslaved people escape to the North by providing transportation and hiding places

question

William Lloyd Garrison

answer

American journalist and reformer, published famous antislavery newspaper, the Liberator, and helped sound the Anti-Slavery Society (America) promoting immediate emancipation and racial equality

question

Frederick Douglass

answer

American abolitionist and writer, escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. Published biography and founded abolitionist newspaper

question

Women's Suffrage Movement

answer

group of people who worked for a woman's right to vote--Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton

question

Missouri Compromise of 1820

answer

Agreement proposed by Henry Clay that allowed Missouri to enter as slave state and Maine to enter as free, and outlawed slavery in any territories or states north of 30o-30' latitude

question

Wilmot Proviso of 1846

answer

Proposal to outlaw slavery in the territory added to the U.S. by the Mexican Secession; passed in house but defeated in senate (Attempt to make slavery illegal in some states)

question

Compromise of 1850

answer

Henry Clay's proposed agreement that allowed California to enter Union as free and divided the rest of the Mexican Secession territories into two territories where slavery would be decided by the popular sovereignty (ACTUALLY HAPPENED)

question

Fugitive Slave Law/Act

answer

Law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders

question

Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854

answer

Law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery

question

Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner, John Brown

answer

Led slave uprising, caused Southern fear, (all executed)

question

Dred Scott Case

answer

Slave whose court case led to Supreme Court, declared African Americans were not U.S. citizens, Missouri Compromise restriction of slavery was declared unconstitutional, Congress didn't have the right to ban slavery in any federal territory

question

Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858

answer

Series of debates btwn Lincoln and Douglas during 1858 senate campaign in Illinois, made Lincoln famous nationally over issue of slavery

question

States' Rights Doctrine/Nullification

answer

a ? that explains the belief that states should have the right to look at a federal law and decide wheter or not it should be followed in that state, belief that states should have more power that federal government

question

Secession

answer

Act of formally withdrawing from the Union

question

Abraham Lincoln

answer

Started Republican Party, from Illinois, VP: Hannibal Hamlin, Andrew Johnson

question

Jefferson Davis

answer

Only president of the Confederate States of America

question

Robert E. Lee

answer

Lead confederate forces, surrendered at Gettysburg, refused Lincoln's offer to lead Union

question

Ulysses S. Grant

answer

18th president, lieutenant general, (union) after battle, effective general

question

Battle of Antietam

answer

Union victory in the civil war that marked bloodiest single day in U.S. military history (stopped Lee's advance north) Strategic Union Victory

question

Emancipation Proclamation

answer

Order issued by Lincoln freeing slaves in confederacy, Leads to 13th amendment

question

Battle of Gettysburg

answer

Union victory turned tide against confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, last attempt by South to invade North [Picket's Charge]

question

Gettysburg Address

answer

Speech where union bravery is praised, renewed commitment to winning civil war {Lincoln}

question

Surrender at Appomattox

answer

Virginia town where Lee surrendered to Grant, ended war

question

Reconstruction

answer

Time following civil war, reunite nation and rebuild south

question

Andrew Johnson

answer

Politician, 17th president, impeached for unpopular ideas about reconstruction, huge political troubles

question

13th Amendment

answer

outlawed slavery

question

Black Codes/Jim Crow Laws

answer

Limited freedom and enforced segregation

question

14th Amendment

answer

full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the U.S., except Indians (American)

question

15th Amendment

answer

gave African American men the right to vote

question

Plessy v. Ferguson

answer

Established separate but equal doctrine for public areas

question

The KKK

answer

White south supremacist group 1866 used terror against Af. Americans rights

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