Final 2 – 1168 words – Flashcard
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Symptoms of allergies
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Dark circles under the eyes, sneezing, dermatitis.
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Some of the most common seasonal causes of hay fever.
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Trees in the early spring
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When scheduling allergy testing, you should instruct the pt to discontinue all antihistamine for how long prior to the appt?
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7 days
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Three basic types of skin allergy tests
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Scratch, patch, and subcutaneous tests
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When performing allergy testing, what two emergency drugs must always be kept on hand
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Epinephrine and diphenhydramine
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When performing a scratch test, the pt should be instructed to lie still for how long?
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20 mins
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Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding scratch testing?
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Use the same needle for each scratch
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Which of the following is not a blood test that may aid in the diagnosis of allergies?
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RPR
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Which of the following is not a standard treatment for allergies?
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Antibiotics
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Allergens may enter the body by:
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Inhalation, ingestion, injection
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Anti-inflammatory agents that help reduce inflammation caused by allergies
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Corticosteroids
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A severe life-threatening allergic reaction
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Anaphylaxis
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Immunotherapy
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If the individual cannot afford other medication
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Which of the following is Not true statement about the administration of allergenic extracts?
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Extracts are always administered by IM injection
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Following injection of an allergenic extract PTs should be observed for how long?
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15-30 minutes
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To prevent getting stung one should
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Be careful after a rainstorm when pollen is scarce and insects are easily provoked
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An allergy for which an individual is genetically predisposed
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Atopy
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IgE is produced by cells of the
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Brain and spinal cord
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Which of the following statements about latex allergies is NOT true?
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Health care workers who are allergic to latex should not wear gloves
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Factors that may trigger symptoms of allergies include
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Fatigue, stress, changes in temp, changes in humidity or atmospheric pressure.
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In order for an infection to take place, which of the following conditions must exist?
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Warm environment, susceptible host and portal of exit
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The most common cause of life-threatening infections in newborns is
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Group B strepococcus
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All of the following may help to reduce the risk of developing a severe infection EXCEPT
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Avoiding garlice
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Which of the following is not a true statement in regard to infections in older adult
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Skin becomes thicker over time, making skin infections less common
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An overgrowth of a resistant strain of microorganisms
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Superinfection
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In the us and canada, it is estimated that antibiotics are overprescribed by
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50%
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Long-acting form of injectable penicillin
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Bicillin L-A
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The usual adult dose of amoxil is
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250-500mg every 8 hours
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Diabetics should be warned that ----May cause false tests results with some urine sugar tests
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Cephalosporins
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The generic name for spectracef
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Cefditoren pivoxil
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Tetracyclines are contradicted in all of the following except
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PTs with HIV infection
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Which of the following is not a true statement regarding tetracyclines?
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They should be taken with meals
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----May cause permanent damage to the auditory branch if the acoustic nerve
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Amino glycosides
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Signs of ototoxicity as seen in those taking amino glycosides include all of the following ExCEPT
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Oliguria
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Produced by a strain of bacteria
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Erythromycin
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The usual adult dose for EES
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250 mg every 6 hours
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Generic name for flagyl
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Metronidazole
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Usual adult dose of Cipro
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500-750 mg every 12 hours for 1-2 weeks
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----deteriorates upon standing and must be kept in a cool dark place
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Hydrogen peroxide
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Which disinfectant is most recommended by OSHA
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Bleach
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An antiseptic used in wet dressings is
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Benzalkonium chloride
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the study of drugs and their relationship to the treatment of disease
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pharmacotherapeutics
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the study of poisons
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toxicology
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when a drug is used only to treat the symptoms of a disease, such as a cold remedy
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therapeutic use
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when physicians use drugs to locate a disease process in the body
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diagnostic use
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a drugs official name
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generic
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an example of a drug that is derived from plants
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digitalis
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all of the following are examples of controlled substances except
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iodine
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the government agency responsible for the enforcement of the controlled substances act is
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dea
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marijuana is a schedule ---- drug
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one
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drugs with the lowest potential for abuse are listed on
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schedule V
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all of the following are required to obtain a registration from the dea except
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interns
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to maintain security of controlled substances
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controlled substances must be kept separate from other drugs, under double lock, and the number of employees with access to controlled substances must be kept to a minimum
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the information provided with a drug by the drug manufacturer is called
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product information insert
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a liquid preparation in which a drug is dissolved in a solvent is an
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solution
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a liquid preparation that is a combination of oil and water is an
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emulsion
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drugs that are dissolved in alcohol or alcohol and water are
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syrups
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drugs that are used externally with massage to provide heat to an area
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liniments
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tablets that are meant to dissolve in the intestines rather than in the stomach
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enteric-coated
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tablets that are manufactured with a groove to aid in breaking the tablet are
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scored
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another name for a lozenge
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troche
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suppositories may be used
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vaginally, urethrally, and rectally
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a route of administration in which a medication is injected into a joint
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intra-articular
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heparin sodium are warfarin sodium prevent blood clotting; therefore, they are examples of:
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anticoagulants
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drugs that are used to decrease blood cholesterol are called
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antihyperlipidemics
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an agent that loosens and facilitates removal of respiratory secretions, such as robitussin, is called
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expectorant
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the process by which a drug passes into body fluids and tissues is called
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absorption
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acetaminophen and ibuprofen are examples of
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analgesics and antipyretics
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Pepto-Bismol and kaopectate are examples of
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antidiarrheals
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an action in which a drug blocks the action of a substance is called
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antagonist
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federal law divides medicines into two major categories. these categories are
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prescription and over the counter
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when writing a prescription, all of the following must be included except
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patient diagnosis
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which of the following would be unacceptable when writing a prescription
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to use a trailing 0 (5.0 mg)
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when refilling a prescription, you should check the patients chart for
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the date of the last refill, last visit, the date the pt was to return
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when refilling a prescription, the medical assistant must get all of the following information from the patient except
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the last tetanus shot
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which of the following is not a true statement
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one prescription pad should be kept in each patient exam room
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a protocol that sets forth instructions that are to be followed for various situations is called a
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standing order
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an order that is to be given only when needed is a
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PRN order
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medications that are intended for use without medical supervision are
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over the counter
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which of the following is on the ISMP list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations?
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IN
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All of the following must be documented when administering medications except
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witnesses present
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in which of the following circumstances would it be safe to administer a drug?
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you prepared the medication and plan to immediately administer the drug
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which of the following is an appropriate infection control practice
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medical asepsis hand washing, proper disposal of used needles and sharps, appropriate barrier precautions
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which of the following is not a true statement regarding infection control
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hands must be washed within 30 minutes if contaminated with blood or body fluids
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when there is a danger of splashing of blood or body fluids the health care worker should
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wear gloves, face shield, and a gown
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supplies commonly found in an office emergency kit include all of the following except
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culture swabs
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all of the following are emergency drugs commonly found in office emergency kits except
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penicillin
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a drug commonly found in office emergency kits that relaxes smooth muscle of the respiratory tract is
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aminophylline
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which of the following is a true statement
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medications should be checked on a regular basis to ensure freshness
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if a pt refuses to take a medication that has been prescribed, you should
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attempt to find out why the pt is refusing, document that the pt refused, if unable to administer, properly dispose of the medicaiton
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if a medication error is made, you should do all of the following except
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document the error in the patients chart
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pediatric dosages are normally based on the age of the child
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FALSE
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when writing a prescription, the amount of medication prescribed should be written out in words as well as in numbers
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TRUE
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proper mathematics is essential to ensuring that the right dose is given to a patient
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TRUE
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since the medical assistant is acting as the agent of the physician, the physician holds all responsibility and is the only one who will face punishment in the event of a medication error.
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FALSE
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medication errors should not happen when health care workers follow the seven rights
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TRUE
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which of the following will help to prevent needlestick injuries to health care workers?
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eliminating unnecessary use of needles, using devices with safety features, educating workers about safe work practices
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which of the following needles is the largest
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16G
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when a U-100 syringe is used, 100 units of insulin is equivalent to
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0.5ml
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the slanted surface of the needle is called the
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bevel
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subcutaneous inj. should not exceed
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2ml
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when preparing a sterile needle-syringe unit, you should do all of the following except
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turn the hub of the needle counterclockwise to ensure that it is firmly attached
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when aspirating medication from a vial, you should do all of the following except
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keep the tip of the needle above the surface of the liquid
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which of the following must be done when withdrawing medication from an ampule
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flick the ampule to release any medication that may be trapped in the neck, disinfect the neck with an alcohol swab, snap off the top of the ampule while surrounding it with gauze
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the term parenteral pertains to medications that are
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administered by injection
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which of the following are disadvantages of the parenteral route
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possibility of infection, needle breakage, tissue damage
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the common cold is called
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coryza
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all of the following are examples of fungal infections except
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varicella
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the usual adult dose of griseofulvin
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500mg daily
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an antifungal drug that is frequently used for onychomycosis
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lamisil
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antiviral drug that is used for prevention and treatment of influenza A virus in adults, but is used only for prevention in children
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rimantadine
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the usual adult dose of tamiflu
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75mg bid for 5 days
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antiretroviral agents are used to treat
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HIV
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severe, life-threatening hepatotoxicity has been reported in patients taking
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viramune
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preferred sites for IM injection for most immunizations are
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anterolateral aspect of the upper thigh and deltoid
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all of the following immunizations should be given IM except
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MMR
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which of the following increase the risk of breast cancer
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family history, late menopause, and early menarche
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possible symptoms of prostate cancer may include
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persistent back pain, painful ejaculation, blood or pus in urine or semen.
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the American cancer society recommends that individuals age 50 or older have all of the following screenings performed yearly except
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breast self-exam
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the normal hemoglobin range for an adult female is
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12-16g/100ml of blood
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adverse effects of antineoplastic agents include
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nausea and vomiting, bone marrow depression, alopecia
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chemical compounds that cause chromosome breakage and prevent the formation of new DNA are called
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alkylating agents
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suggestions for achieving and maintaining healthy weight in children include all of the following except
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placing children on restrictive diets
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the vitamin that is found in ultraviolet light, such as sunlight is
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vitamin D
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which vitamin is required for proper calcium and phosphorous absorption
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vitamin D
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foods that are rich in iron include
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liver, egg yolks, and dark-green leafy vegetables
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which of the following herbs is used for prophylaxis of migraines
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feverfew
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a feeling of uneasiness, apprehension, worry or dread is the definition of
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anxiety
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when used for panic disorders, the usual dose of Klonopin is
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0.125mg bid
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the FDA has asked that suicide related warnings be added to the labels for all of the following except
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pamelor
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which of the following foods would be restricted or prohibited for patients taking MAOIs
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guacamole
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psychotropic drugs
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alter a person's mood, may lead to physical or emotional dependence, may be legal or illegal substances
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all of the following are true statements about substance abuse except which one
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substance abuse is not a problem in the elderly
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patients taking which type of medication should be watched for signs of GI bleeding if they also consume alcohol
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salicylates
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roofies, forget-me pill, and date rape drug are common street name for
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rohypnol
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sings or amphetamine withdrawal may include
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irritability
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terconazole
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terazol
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ritonavir
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norvir
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fluconazole
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diflucan
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delavirdine
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rescriptor
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acyclovir
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zovirax
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miconazole nitrate
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monistat
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efavirenz
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sustiva
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clotrimazole
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mycelex
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penciclovir
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denavir
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ketoconazole
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nizoral
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famciclovir
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famvir
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local therapy
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treating a tumor at its site
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alopecia
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loss of hair
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excerbation
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symptoms are most severe
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stomatitis
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inflammation of the mouth
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extravasation
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fluids escape into surrounding tissue
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cytotoxic
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destructive to cells
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teratogenic
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producing or forming a severely malformed fetus
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anorexia
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loss of appetite
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metastasis
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spreading of cancer from one part of the body to another
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electrolytes
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particles that result from disintegration of compounds
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cation
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positively charged ion
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antioxidants
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plant substances that neutralize free radicals
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homeostasis
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normal state of balance
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anion
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negatively charged ion
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obesity
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excessively high amount of body fat in relation to lean body mass
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phytochemical
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natural chemical substance found in plants
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vitamins
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organic substances that are essential for normal body function
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minerals
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nonorganic substances that are essential for body function
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herb
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aromatic plant used in medicines or seasoning
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MDMA
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ecstasy; may cause increased blood pressure, heart rate, and muscle tension
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dependency
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the psychic craving for a drug or substance
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marijuana
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grass, weed, pot; usually prepared for hand-rolled cigarettes
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heroin
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junk, smack, highly addictive opiate, usually administered by IV inj
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ketamine
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special K; used as an anesthetic in veterinary medicine
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narcolepsy
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inability to control recurrent attacks of drowsiness
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withdrawal
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removal of a substance to which the individual has become addicted
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cocaine
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blow, nose candy, flake; usually sniffed or snorted
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tolerance
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progressive decrease in effectiveness of a drug
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LSD
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acid; may cause trips either good or bad
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Approximately 50% of accidental deaths in the elderly are due to
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falls
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Glucocorticoids are contraindicated in all of the following except
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patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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The generic name for Feldene is
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piroxicam
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Which medication is contraindicated for CABC surgery
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Motrin
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Drugs that may influence the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, and are therefore recommended to limit irreversible joint damage, are called
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DMARDs
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The usual dose of Rheumtrex is
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7.5 mg weekly
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Cirrhosis, bone marrow depression, ulcerative stomatitis, and hepatotoxicity are potential adverse reactions to
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Rheumatrex
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The drug of choice for acute attacks of gout is
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colchcine
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Skeletal muscle relaxants may be used in which of the following patients
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those with sepsis
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the usual dose of Flexeril is
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20-40 mg/day
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all of the following are special considerations for older adults as related to GI function except
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peristalsis becomes faster with age
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which of the following is known as the "little purple pill"
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Nexium
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symptoms of amebiasis include
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diarrhea and abdominal pain
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the generic name for Prevacid is
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lansoprazole
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Positive response to skeletal muscle stimulants includes increased muscle strength and hand grasp
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true
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patients taking NSAIDs should be warned of the risk of GI bleeding
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true
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solganal, ridaura, and plaquenil are examples of gold preparations
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false
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women should be cautioned to avoid exercise during pregnancy
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false
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ET and HT are available as a transdermal patch
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true
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calcitonin is a form of parathyroid hormone
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false
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patients taking proton-pump inhibitors should be instructed not to crush or chew the medication
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true
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antacids should not be used in patients who are taking any form of tetracyline
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true
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if a substance is described as being ulcerogenic, it helps prevent the formation of ulcers
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false
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antibiotic resistance and patients noncompliance are the two major reasons for treatment failure when treating H. pylori infection
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true
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raloxifene
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evista
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baclofen
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lioresal
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penicillamine
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cupurimine
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cyclobenzaprine HCI
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flexeril
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leflunomide
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arava
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diclfenac
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voltaren
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hydrocortisone
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cortef
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ibandronate
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boniva
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triamcinolone
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arisocort
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diazepam
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valium
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riopan
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nonsystemic antacid
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ranitidine
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histamine H2- receptor antagonist
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cytotec
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muscosal protective medication
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surfak
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stool softener
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psyllium
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bulk-forming laxative
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lactulose
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osmotic laxative
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protonix
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proton-pump inhibititor
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lomotil
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antidirrheal
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amitiza
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chloride channel activator
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metronidazole
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antiprotozoal
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ipecac syrup
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emetic
