question

ACE Active Community Environments

answer

a centers for disease control and prevention, focuses on: places where people of all ages and abilities can easily enjoy physical activity" (says that community environments matter)

question

3 areas Public Health has focused on:

answer

safety, air and water quality, sanitation

question

Public healths epidemic

answer

inactivity and poor diet, w/ are major contributors to chronic diseases

question

ACE Active Community Environments slogan

answer

provide opportunities for everyone (recall inverted triangle)

question

Oregonians weight problem #s

answer

Adults overweight: 38% Obese: 22% 8th graders: 28% overweight, 11th graders: 21% overweight

question

2nd leading cause of death in the US

answer

diet and inactivity,

question

Fun Theory:

answer

people will exercise or do something active if it's made fun.

question

Environmental Facilitators/ Inhibitors

answer

Facilitators: promote, make you want physical activity, Inhibitors: demote, make you not want physical activity

question

Surgeon Generals recommendation of physical activity

answer

Adults should get 150 min of PA a week (72% in oregonians dont meet this) Kids should get 300 min of PA a week (52% of oregonians dont meet this)

question

Federal Guidlines

answer

75 minutes of vigorous activity a week, and 150 minutes of moderate activity a week.

question

walking, biking and automobile trips in the US

answer

6.4% of trips are made on bike or foot 89% of trips are made by auto (avg of 73 minutes of driving a day)

question

traveling compared to other countries

answer

we drive way more and walk and bike way less

question

Shape America

answer

oldest professional organization in the field of society and physical educators

question

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act

answer

established how states and local governments could spend the federal transportation funds they received. (purpose was to create a comprehensive transportation system where all modes of transportation played a role, also assured that transportation agencies addressed public concern)

question

How to get fat without really trying video summary:

answer

2/3 of US population is overweight 1/3 is obese. They say eat less exercise more, but thats not the real problem. the real problem is the Federal government food industry policy contributes to this. (subsidy pyramid) "Jennings report"

question

subsidy pyramid, jenning report

answer

twice as much food is made in the US as the US really needs. the federal government puts more money in food that we are told to eat less of, and less money into food we are told to eat more of. "Jennings Report"

question

Social Ecological Model

answer

behavior is affected by and affecting multiple levels of influence, Reciprocal Causation between individual and environment (high prevelance of inactivity, overweight and obesity among ppl with physical disabilities)

question

Social Ecological Model: Intrapersonal/ Individual

answer

(knowledge, attitude, skills), setting goals, self monitoring (the need for colorectal cancer screening)

question

Social Ecological Model: Interpersonal

answer

(family, friends, social networks) modeling healthy lifestyles (providers making screening recomendations to there patients)

question

Social Ecological Model: Organizational/ Institutional

answer

(organizations, social Institutions) ways to distress (promoting the use of provider and client reminder systems)

question

Social Ecological Model: Community

answer

(Relationship among organizations) availability of bike paths (conducting public awareness and educational campaigns)

question

Social Ecological Model: Public Policy

answer

(National, state and local laws) modify PE for kids (proclamation by a mayor for colorectal cancer awareness month)

question

Obseogenic Environment:

answer

the effect of environmental factors on increased body fat (use of labor saving devices, sedentary behavior, occupation physical activity, availabilty of high fat, high calorie foods, increased portion sizes, availability of parable low cost foods)

question

Social Ecological review

answer

shows interconnectedness between individual and their environment and how the environment effects them, sustainable lifestyle changes are most likely to occur when health promotion efforst are directed at ALL LEVELS OF INFLUENCE

question

Elevaoider Campaign- made by teacher

answer

got people to walk up a certain amount of flights of stairs

question

StairWELL Campaign- CDC

answer

4 stage passive intervention that painted, carpeted, framed artwork made motivation signs and music to try and increase physical activity among building occupants. (cheap to do)

question

One Step at a time

answer

90 year old man climbs thousands of steps daily, climbed higher than empire state building

question

Bet n' Sweat machine

answer

a machine that requires you to peddle on the machine if you want to gamble

question

A healthy environment is composed of 4 things:

answer

1 a network of sidewalks and trails to other forms of transit, 2 land use policies encouraging mixed use, 3 safe and aesthetic, 4 civic commitment

question

Urban Sprawl

answer

how the human population has moved into cities, which has led to the obesity epidemic

question

Publics Health Mission

answer

the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health and efficiency through: sanitation of environment, educating people about hygiene, organizing health services, assure social standard of living.

question

proximal/ distal message example

answer

proximal: dont swim or do something in this area, society is now always congruent, distal: children should get 300 minutes of physical activity a week

question

Downstream/Upstream approach

answer

Downstream: helping one person Upstream: helping large groups of people

question

Clinical Traditional Model

answer

research and programming efforts target those people who sought out formal exercise programs that took place in a place designated by the health professional. (downstream approach)

question

Public Health Model

answer

Scientists and health professional seek out sedentary members of a population rather than waiting for such individuals to present themselves. (upstream approach)

question

Kenneth E Powell definition of public health

answer

the combination of organizations and individuals whose actions are concerned with the level of function and wellness of a community as a whole.

question

TV industry/ Video Game industry

answer

has started to give healthy signals to society encouraging people to be active

question

Eric Kjellman/ exrgaming

answer

lost 140 lbs in 9 months playing DDR, exergaming- video games that make players more physically involved

question

Surgeon Generals Call to Action to Improve Health and Wellness of Persons with Disabilities

answer

54 million Americans, more than 1/5 are living with at least one disability. You are either born with it or develop it. (illness, injury, genetics)

question

Straw activity in class mimicked what?

answer

pulminary obstruction disease

question

4 primary goals of Surgeon Generals Call to Action

answer

1) get people to understand ppl with dissabilities can lead long healthy productive lives 2) health care providers have knowledge and tools to diagnose and treat the whole person with disability with dignity 3) ppl with disabilites can promote their own good health by developing and maintaning healthy lifestyles, 4) accessible health care services promote independence for ppl with disabilities

question

Paralympics

answer

elite sports (olympic games model)

question

special olympics

answer

events that are held around the world not done for elite athletes (year round)

question

disability (world health organization 1980)

answer

disease, impairment, disability, handicapped

question

disability (International classification of function 2001)

answer

function of the body, individual society

question

Disability (Biopsychosocial Approach) 3 concepts:

answer

1) impairments, problems in body function or structure 2) activity, performance of a task 3) participation, w/in context of the environment

question

Disability Theory

answer

thought of as medical problem, but now seen as social problem

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model is equated with

answer

Medical: disability is equated with being defective inferior, less than. Social: disability is equated with being different, not less than

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model experience

answer

Medical: a wide spectrum of biological/ psychological anamolies exist, Social: there is only one shared experience: social stigma

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model terminology

answer

Medical: terminology tends to be negative, Social: terminology tends to be positive or neutral w/ person first emphasized

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model discussion

answer

Medical: discussion is defects, problems or characteristics, Social: discussion is individual assessment, data, personal strengths, weaknesses.

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model goal

answer

Medical: goals is give advice/ prescription to patient, Social: goals is to empower individual to assume active role in self-actualization

question

Medical model/ Social Minority model graphic

answer

Medical: passive, Social: Active

question

Disability and Health (Krahn)

answer

disability is NOT an illness. the conept of health means the same for people with or without disabilities (achieving and sustaining and optimal level of wellness, physical and mental)- promotes fulness of life (you can be disabled and healthy-modern concept)

question

Glorias Model

answer

people tend to focus on the things they cant do, which isn't a lot of there life, and less on the things they can do, which is a lot of there life (says you can be both disabled and healthy)

question

Disabilities vs. no disabilities weight

answer

adults with disabilities: 83.7% overweight and obese, adults without disabilities: 64% overweight and obese

question

Rehabilitation Act of 1973

answer

prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs or activities that receive federal aid

question

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act 1975

answer

Assist state and local education agencies to educate children 3-21yrs with disabilities

question

Americans Disabilities Act 1990

answer

Comprehensive civil rights protection for individuals with disabilities

question

2001 New Freedom Initiative

answer

Comprehensive plan to help remove barriers to community living for people with disabilities

question

Rech Tech (conteptual model) 4 steps

answer

a rehabilitation engineering research center, technology for a healthier lifestyle. 1) encourage access, 2) increase participation, 3) promote adherence, 4) increase health and function

question

Difference

answer

discrimination or distinction specifically perceived deviation from the assumed cultural economic or sexual norm

question

privilege

answer

an invisible set of unearned rights, benefits, or assets that belong to a certain individuals, by virtue of their membership in a particular non-target group

question

in group/ out group

answer

in group: non target group. out group: target group

question

invisibility

answer

the absence of target groups from the media, policies, procedures, legislation. Which reinforces the notion, conscious or unconscious that non-target groups are the norm

question

oppression

answer

relationship of dominance and subordination based on the systematic mistreatment of individuals because of their membership in various socially or economically disadvantaged groups

question

Game of Life

answer

goal to run most laps as possible but you cannot change lanes, people are born into different social circumstances

question

who made rules to game of life

answer

founding fathers, 19th amendment-gave women right to vote, good old boys network

question

Festinger's Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

answer

we all experience the world differently depending on our perspective and or point of view

question

Edward R. Marrow

answer

said everyone is a prisoner of there own experiences

question

Semiotician

answer

a person who studies the meaning of signs in culture, a sign is any human produced artifact or gesture that conveys meaning

question

How are women depicted

answer

frivolous, childlike, exhibitionistic, sexual or silly poses that would be considered undignified and inappropriate for men (women are portrayed in ways the remove or keep power from them) women are portrayed as things other than top athletes

question

Medias purpose for sports

answer

-profit industry that uses exercise and sport for financial gain, culturally significant reflection of social conditions and reinforcement of societal attitudes ingrained into exercise sports

question

Sports study on Anna Kournikova tennis player

answer

only 2 out of 11 photographers showed her playing tennis

question

Tammie Overstreet women

answer

linebacker, only girl to have ever played on Pittsburg highschool football team

question

Aimee Mullins women

answer

NCAA track and field athlete, set 100m and long jump paralympics record

question

Julie Krone women

answer

Jockey, only women inducted into horse racing hall of fame

question

Dana Chladeck women

answer

First women selected to play for the harlem globetrotters

question

Lany Moss

answer

1st women to manage a mens professional basketball team

question

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Civil Rights act of 1964

answer

no person in the US shall on basis of sex be excluded from participation in or denied the benefits of or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal assistance

question

Tile IX paradoxical effect on women coaching women

answer

men obtain 326 of 361 head coaching jobs for womens teams, womens teams coaches are only 44% female

question

wage gap in sports

answer

men coaches get paid 44% more than women coaches on womens teams (violation of Equal Pay Act and Title VII) gender wage gap gets worse as you get older

question

Mike Kryzewski / pat summit

answer

highest paid person in college basketball/ highest paid female in collegiate sports

question

Women earning compared to men

answer

women earn 75 cents for every 1 dollar men make

question

School of Business/ senior research scientists

answer

only field were women earn on average more than male counterparts

question

Dare to Compete

answer

struggle of women in sports, women have been discouraged from overexerting themselves, encouraged to live queen victorian lifestyle, women were encouraged to be passive, ultra feminine after WWII

question

Vassar College

answer

helped foster the growth of womens sports, first college where women could play baseball

question

First womens collegiate basketball game

answer

stanford vs. california, game played indoors and men couldn't watch

question

College sports right now

answer

there are the highest # of women sports teams and women coaches than ever before, gender equity says to be killing mens sports, participation rates in highschool has gone up 100% since the 70s

question

play days

answer

girls participated 3-4 school would join together and play sports, no school representing was done and there were no winners, people didn't want womens sports to be competitive

question

Susanne Lenglen

answer

1st womens sport superstar, international tennis star, revolutionized tennis attire and accepted money for exibition matches

question

Gertrude Ederly (americas best girl)

answer

1st women to swim english channel, swam against current, swam freestyle and beat previous times by male swimmers (Americas Best Girl)

question

Skirt Theory

answer

used to determine what sports women could play

question

1928 Olympic Games

answer

women had to stop running the 800 meter because some collapsed/ rested and people thought they weren't cut out for that long of a race

question

Bloomer Girl Baseball League

answer

provided early opportunity for women to play professional baseball, also helped spread word of womens suffrage movement (gave women right to vote)

question

Alice Coachman

answer

first African American women/ black women from any country to win olympic gold medal

question

1964 civil rights act, National Organization for Women NOW

answer

outlawed racial and sexual discrimination, NOW enforced these laws in sports

question

Roberta Gibb

answer

1st women to run the full Boston Marathon, it was unofficial because women were not allowed to run the boston marathon, hid in the bushes at starting line, Katherine Switzer first official boston marathon runner.

question

Battle of the Sexes Tennis Math

answer

Billy Jean King, girl- beat Bobbie Riggs, boy, helped womens movement and proved women belonged in sports

question

who controls the media in the newspapers

answer

out of 1600 daily newspapers in the US, 2 of the editors are males of color, 5 are females of none color, nineteen columnists are males of color

question

hate crime

answer

any criminal act in which biased motive is a clear contributing factor, any act is a biased motive which is a clear contributing factor, 9% of all hate crimes occur on college campuses

question

Poverty In America

answer

risk of death is 2 1/2 times greater for black infants,

question

John Rocker

answer

made racist comments toward foreigners,

question

Xenophobia

answer

a phobic attitude toward strangers or of the unknown. Xenos means foreigner/stranger, word is used to describe dislike to foreigners

question

Traditional race logic used in sports

answer

achievements of white athletes due to: character, culture, organization. achievements of black athletes due to: biology, natural physical abilities

question

Jesse Owens

answer

black man winner of 4 olympic gold medals, scientist measured his heel bone to see if it was longer than competitors (it wasn't)

question

Jon Entinesbook

answer

TABOO: WHY BLACK ATHLETES DOMINATE SPORTS AND WHY WE ARE AFRAID TO TALK ABOUT IT. Talks about how based on your cultural and genetic factors: you will excel in different sports

question

Sociological hypothesis explain achievements of black athletes 3) social and cultural conditions

answer

1 history of black ideology has emphasized black male physicality and innate race based physical abilities amongst blacks, 2 long history of segregation and discrimination has limited the ability for black men achieve success, 3 the existence of widespread opportunities and encouragement to develop physical skills and excel in a few sports

question

Sociological hypothesis leads to 2 consequences of black athletes

answer

1 many black athletes believe that its their biological and cultural destiny to become great athletes, 2 black athletes are motivated to use every opportunity to develop the skills they need to fulfill there destiny

question

result of sociological hypothesis of black athletes

answer

the sense of biological and cultural destiny, combined with motivation and opportunities leads to black athletes to be outstanding athletes in a few sports

question

Darwins Athletes: how sport has damaged black american and preserved myth of race

answer

sports fixation is self fulfilling, the more blacks view sports as the only avenue to success, the better they will do, and more people will chalk it up to genetic destiny

question

authors spiritual solution

answer

fitness ministries-churches sponsored gyms and sold books about regular exercise, churches have higher retention rates than secular recreation programs. holy- means free from injury holy spirit- means to be free from injury in all vital aspects of the body

question

exercise John Ratey miracle grow

answer

exercise is miracle grow for the brain because it cause the development of new neurons and develops your hippocampus (50% of brain cells die unless you engage them) helps with parkinson and alzhiemers. when you exercise increased blood flow to the brain increase the nutrients it receives

question

most important in encouraging physical activity

answer

neighborhood design and safety, only 50% of people say they want walkable communities

question

biking now days now and than

answer

1960s 50% of kids biked to school, today only 1%

question

smart growth

answer

effort to stop sprawl, pushed for dense development zones in place like portland, idea is to cram as many people around subways and bus routes instead of suburban communities that rely heavily on cars

question

safetylu

answer

federal program that makes safe routes to schools

question

70-80% of health care costs (2 trillion a year)

answer

are from sedentary life styles and bad food choices, hispanics live the most unsafe lives

question

depression/ Brain lock

answer

is equated with no movement, regular movement means life. Brain lock- withdrawing from physical activity. when your depressed you don't remember much, stress represses neurogenesis

question

outdoors

answer

80% of americans live in metro areas, pollution from metro areas has killed the environment making the outdoor less interesting decreasing exercise

question

children

answer

have over stimulated senses and under stimulated body, from to much light and noise not enough exercise

question

cultural autism

answer

over stimulation from electronics

question

why author wrote book

answer

because she wanted to compare her wounded body to the american national wounded body

question

Von Luschan Scale

answer

created 36 colored un-exposed skin tone scale, different skin tones meant different things, used to establish racial classifications, not used anymore and went under scrutiny because it was inconsistent

question

Coacklys vs Entines hypothesis

answer

coackly:social factors and conditions account for differences between races, Entines: genetic differences explains differences between races

question

Birch E. Bayh

answer

considered father of Title IX

question

kinesiology as part of public health movement

answer

public health is broadening the work of people in exercise science/ kinesiology. rather than working with highly specialized athletes, it has re-focussed its energy on the total population

question

plato vs. aristotle

answer

plato- preferred homogenity (sameness) in order for a democracy to thrive. Aristotle= preferred heterogeneity (diversity) in order to have a democracy thrive

question

United States race comparison

answer

1/3 of the US is non-white, 18.5% of oregons are non-white, Hawaii had most diversity, Mane has the least

question

stacking

answer

assignments of players in sports is different and therefore the achieved status is different at different positions, players are disproportionately assigned to play positions based on the ascriptive basis of race

question

central positions

answer

thinking ability, highly refined technique stable under pressure, responsible outcomes (white players) (develop greatest game knowledge)

question

peripheral positions

answer

speed, agressive, good hands, instinctive (colored players)

question

one drop rule

answer

any drop of blood in a persons body that is non-white makes that person non-white.

question

black athletes in professional sports

answer

black athletes dominate basketball, football, boxing and track. In all sports most of the people in charge of the sports teams are white. (VPs, GMs, Presidents) etcs...

question

race and ethnicity in sports

answer

is the number one variable that explains how different athletes will excel and specific sports.

question

sports that show there is stacking

answer

basketball doesn't hold up well anymore used to be pg were white and pf were black, volleyball hitters tend to be black setters tend to be white, soccer goalies and middies are white, forwards are colored

question

Barron Pierre de Coubertin

answer

not a proponent of womens involvement in the olympic games,

question

Mildred Babe Didrikson Zaharias

answer

one of most successful athletes of all time, played track baseball and golf, won 2 olympic gold medals, all american basketball player, 1st american women to win british open( she set more records and and won more medals than any athlete in 20th century) she held a msaculine image

question

green hour program

answer

says get 60 minutes of physical activity a week

question

bike bill 1971

answer

every road in oregon has to made bike accesible

question

watching to much tv a day

answer

impares moral judgement and awareness (cognitive part of the brain)

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