Question 1

1. In what ways is public speaking likely to make a difference in your life?

Accepted Answer

Public speaking is a way of making your ideas public, sharing your ideas and influencing people

Question 2

2. How is public speaking similar to everyday conversation?

Accepted Answer

1. Organizing thoughts logically 2. tailor your message to your audience 3. telling a story for maximum impact 4. adapting to listeners feedback

Question 3

3. How is public speaking different from everyday conversation?

Accepted Answer

1. public speaking is more highly structured 2. public speaking requires more formal language 3. public speaking requires a different method of delivery

Question 4

4. Why is it normal-even desirable- to be nervous at the start of a speech?

Accepted Answer

the speech is usually more successful when you are nervous. your body is producing much more adrenaline, which is making your heart race and your hands sweat

Question 5

5. How can you control your nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?

Accepted Answer

acquire experience, prepare (1min=1hr), think positively, visualization, nervousness is not visible, dont expect perfection

Question 6

6. What are the seven elements of the speech communication process? How do they interact to determine the success or failure of a speech?

Accepted Answer

1. Speaker-the person who is presenting an oral message to a listener 2. Message-whatever a speaker communicates to someone else 3. Channel-the means by which a message is communicated (radio, tv, person) 4. Listener-the person who receives the speakers message (audience) 5. Feedback-the messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker 6. Interference-anything that impedes the communication of a message, external or internal to listener (siren) 7. Situation-the time and place in which a speech communication occurs (classroom).

Question 7

7. What is ethnocentrism? How to avoid it?

Accepted Answer

Believing that ones own group is superior. Avoid it by respect culture values, adapt to expectations, perspective of audience, feedback given

Question 8

Positive Nervousness: Study by Jamieson

Accepted Answer

Looked at students that were going to take the GRE. Found that if they were told it was okay to be nervous they scored higher, if they were not told to be nervous they did not score as well.

Question 9

Visualization: Study

Accepted Answer

looked at freshman in college, 1/2 told to visualize the process of studying and they got a better grade, 1/2 told to visualize getting an A on the test, did not do as well.

Question 10

1. What is ethics? Why is a strong sense of ethical responsibility vital for public speakers?

Accepted Answer

The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs. You want your speech to be credible

Question 11

2. What are the five guidelines for ethical speechmaking discussed in this chapter?

Accepted Answer

1. goals are ethically sound 2. be fully prepared 3. be honest 4. avoid name calling 5. put ethical principles to practice

Question 12

3. What is the difference between global plagiarism and patchwork plagiarism?

Accepted Answer

Global plagiarism is stealing from a single source and calling it your own, Patchwork plagiarism is stealing from 2-3 sources and calling it your own

Question 13

4. What is incremental plagiarism?

Accepted Answer

failing to give credit for parts borrowed from sources

Question 14

5. What are the three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in this chapter?

Accepted Answer

1. be courteous, attentive 2. avoid prejudging speaker 3. maintain free expression of ideas

Question 15

1. What is the difference between hearing and listening?

Accepted Answer

Hearing is the vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain. Listening is paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.

Question 16

2. How is listening connected with critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

skills of critical thinking are separating fact from opinion, spotting weaknesses in reasoning, judging the soundness of evidence: types of listening: appreciative listening: listening for pleasure or enjoyment, empathic listening: listening to provide emotional support for a speaker, comprehensive listening: listening to understand the message of a speaker, critical listening: listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it

Question 17

3. Why is it important to develop strong listening skills?

Accepted Answer

very important in your job, important as you speak, you can find great ideas from listening

Question 18

4. What are the four main causes of poor listening?

Accepted Answer

1. not concentrating 2. listening too hard or focusing only on the details 3. jumping to conclusions and assuming we know what they will say 4. focusing on delivery or appearance

Question 19

5. What are seven ways to become a better listener?

Accepted Answer

1. take it seriously 2. be active listener 3. resist distractions 4. don\'t be distracted by appearance or delivery 5. suspend judgement 6. develop note taking skills 7. focus your listening

Question 20

1. What two major steps are discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech?

Accepted Answer

1. focusing your topic: make sure it conforms to the assigned time limit, but dont narrow your focus too much leaving out important details 2. Develop your topic: be creative, use colorful descriptive language

Question 21

2. When organizing your introductory speech, you should divide it into what three sections?

Accepted Answer

1. Introduction: gain attention, interest, preview statement 2. Body: effective organization, transition statements 3. Conclusion: signal conclusion, reinforce central idea, end strong

Question 22

3. What method of delivery does this chapter recommend for your introductory speech?

Accepted Answer

extemporaneous speech: a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes, it requires you to know the content of your speech quite well

Question 23

4. What steps should you take when rehearsing your first speech?

Accepted Answer

rehearse aloud, ask for feedback, time your speech

Question 24

5. What five elements of speech delivery are discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech?

Accepted Answer

1. plant feet, smile to audience 2. gesture naturally 3. establish, maintain eye contact 4. speak expressively 5. take steps to reduce nervousness

Question 25

1. What three brainstorming methods can you follow if you are having trouble choosing a topic for your speech?

Accepted Answer

1. personal inventory: list your experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, etc.  2. clustering: list the following groups and write down the first four of each that come to mind; people, places, things, events, processes, concepts, natural phenomena  3. Internet search

Question 26

2. What are the two general purposes of most classroom speeches? How do they differ?

Accepted Answer

1. Inform: convey information clearly, accurately, and interestingly, aiming to enhance the knowledge and understanding of something  2. Persuade: change or structure the attitudes or actions of your audience

Question 27

3. What is the specific purpose?

Accepted Answer

a single infinitive phrase  -to inform my audience about... -to persuade my audience about... -to demonstrate my audience on... states what speaker hopes to accomplish

Question 28

4. What are five tips for formulating your specific purpose?

Accepted Answer

1. full infinitive phrase 2. statement, not question 3. avoid figurative language 4. limit to one distinct idea 5. avoid being vague

Question 29

5. What are five questions to ask about your specific purpose?

Accepted Answer

1. meet assignment? 2. time from okay? 3. relevant to audience? 4. too trivial for audience? 5. too technical for audience?

Question 30

6. What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech? What are four guidelines for an effective central idea?

Accepted Answer

Central idea is a one sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech, sometimes called the thesis statement.  1. one sentence statement 2. includes all major ideas in speech 3. express as full sentence 4. dont express as question

Question 31

1. Why must a public speaker be audience centered?

Accepted Answer

you need to have the audience foremost in mind during the speech preparation and presentation

Question 32

2. What does it mean to say that people are egocentric? What implications does the egocentrism of audiences hold for you as a public speaker?

Accepted Answer

the tendency to be concerned with own values, beliefs and well-being

Question 33

3. What are the six demographic traits of audiences discussed in this chapter? Why is each important to audience analysis?

Accepted Answer

1. age 2. gender 3. religion 4. sexual orientation 5. racial, ethnic, cultural background 6. group membership/sexual orientation

Question 34

4. What is situational audience analysis? What factors do you need to consider in situational audience analysis?

Accepted Answer

it focuses on characteristics related to the specific speaking audience  size, physical setting, disposition toward topic, disposition on speaker, disposition toward occasion(formal/informal)

Question 35

5. How can you get information about an audience?

Accepted Answer

real example: Barbara Busch commencement speech

Question 36

6. What are the three kinds of questions used in questionnaires? Why is it a good idea to use all three in audience analysis?

Accepted Answer

fixed alternative-and include the alternatives; scale-include the scale; and open ended-provide the space for responses

Question 37

7. What methods can you use to adapt your speech to your audience before the speech? During the speech?

Accepted Answer

Before: assess how audience will respond, adjust to make speech clear and convincing During: adjust for unexpected circumstances, watch for feedback

Question 38

1. Why is it important to draw on your own knowledge and experience in gathering materials for your speeches?

Accepted Answer

because you can draw on your own personal experiences, these are things you already know a lot about

Question 39

2. What are five resources for finding what you need in the library?

Accepted Answer

1. Librarians 2. catalog 3. reference works 4. newspaper

Question 40

3. What are three criteria for evaluating the soundness of research materials that you find on the Internet?

Accepted Answer

1. authorship 2. sponsorship 3. recency

Question 41

4. What are the three stages of a research interview? What should you do in each stage to help ensure a successful interview?

Accepted Answer

Before the interview, when questions are prepared and proper methodologies researched. During the interview, when the information is gathered according to the correct protocols. After the interview, when the collected information is put to use in research and properly credited.

Question 42

5. Why is it important to start your speech research early?

Accepted Answer

start early to avoid not finding enough research

Question 43

6. What is a preliminary bibliography? Why is it helpful to you in researching a speech?

Accepted Answer

A list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

Question 44

7. What four things should you do to take research notes efficiently?

Accepted Answer

7

Question 45

1. Why do you need supporting materials in your speech?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 46

2. What are the three kinds of examples discussed in this chapter? How might you use each kind to support your ideas?

Accepted Answer

1. brief: specific case referred to in passing 2. extended: story, narrative, lengthy 3. hypothetical: describes fictitious situations

Question 47

3. What are five tips for using examples in your speech?

Accepted Answer

1. clarify ideas 2. reinforce 3. personalize 4. make vivid 5. richly textured

Question 48

4. Why is it so easy to lie with statistics? What three questions should you ask to judge the reliability of statistics?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 49

5. What are six tips for using statistics in your speeches?

Accepted Answer

1. quantify 2. use sparingly 3. identify sources 4. explain thoroughly 5. round #s off 6. use visual aid if needed

Question 50

6. What is testimony? Explain the difference between expert testimony and peer testimony.

Accepted Answer

a testimony is a quotation or paraphrase to support a point expert: testimony from recognized expert peer: testimony from ordinary people with first hand experience or insight

Question 51

7. What are four tips for using testimony in your speeches?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 52

8. What four pieces of information do you usually need to provide when making oral source citations in a speech?

Accepted Answer

1. name of document 2. author, sponsoring organization 3. qualifications 4. date

Question 53

1. Why is it important that speeches be organized clearly and coherently?

Accepted Answer

9

Question 54

2. How many main points will your speeches usually contain? Why is it important to limit the number of main points in your speeches?

Accepted Answer

2-5 main points

Question 55

3. What are the five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech? Which are appropriate for informative speeches? Which is most appropriate for persuasive speeches? Which is used most often?

Accepted Answer

1. chronological order: time pattern, ex Great Wall of China speech 2. spatial order: most useful in demonstration speech, main points follow directional pattern, ex top to bottom, east to west 3. causal order: main points show cause-effect relationship 4. problem-solution order: first main point is the problem, the second main point is the solution 5. topical order: main pts divide topic into logical, consistent subtopics, grouping, ex 3 roles actress holds

Question 56

4. What are three tips for preparing your main points?

Accepted Answer

1. keep pts separate 2. try for some pattern of wording 3. balance time devoted to each

Question 57

5. What is the most important thing to remember when organizing supporting materials in the body of your speech?

Accepted Answer

9

Question 58

6. What are the four kinds of speech connectives? What role does each play in a speech?

Accepted Answer

1. transition: indicates speaker has finished one thought and is moving to the next 2. internal preview: statement in body indicating what speaker will discuss next, ex: i will focus on three solutions 3. internal summary: in body, summarizing preceding pts, ex: now that i told you the 3 solns, lets see how they work together 4. signposts: brief statement showing where speaker is or focusing attention on key pts, ex: 1st, 2nd, lastly

Question 59

1. What are the four objectives of a speech introduction?

Accepted Answer

1. gains attention and interest of audience 2. reveal topic 3. establish credibility and goodwill 4. preview body

Question 60

2. What are seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

Accepted Answer

1. relate topic to audience 2. state importance of topic 3. tell story 4. startle audience 5. arouse curiosity 6. question audience 7. begin with quotation

Question 61

3. Why is it important to establish your credibility at the beginning of your speech?

Accepted Answer

It gives a good perception of the speakers qualifications examples are personal experiences, and sources

Question 62

4. What is a preview statement? Why should you nearly always include a preview statement in the introduction of your speech?

Accepted Answer

it identifies main points of the speech in the introduction, usually the last sentence

Question 63

5. What are six tips for your introduction?

Accepted Answer

1. be concise (10-20%) 2. look for materials as you research 3. be creative 4. finalize after body is done 5. workout content 6. delivery in detail

Question 64

6. What are the major functions of a speech conclusion?

Accepted Answer

signals the end of the speech, reinforce central idea

Exam One – Flashcard

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards