question

When there are abnormally low amounts of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, what disease is present?

answer

hypogonadism

question

The medical term priapism is taken from

answer

a minor Roman fertility god, protector of plants

question

Because the pituitary gland produces numerous hormones, a tumor or congenital defect of the pituitary can affect many body functions. Which of the following does NOT result from abnormal pituitary growth hormone production?

answer

cretinism

question

What does the term in situ refer to in modern medicine?

answer

confinement to a site of origin

question

What is the condition that results when an inner capsule of nonfunctional prostate tissue swells, pushing against the walls of the urethra to cause a restriction of urine flow?

answer

benign prostatic hyperplasia

question

What is the meaning of the term hyperesthesia?

answer

excessive sensitivity to a stimulus

question

TURP is a procedure that treats BPH through the noninvasive removal of prostate tissue. It involves

answer

scraping

question

The most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease in North America, with symptoms of urethral or vaginal discharge is known as

answer

chlamydia

question

When the endocrine system becomes deficient due to disease, the result is a

answer

homeostatic imbalance

question

The term for the symptom of abdominal pain which occurs when bleeding from ovulation irritates the peritoneum is

answer

taken from the German

question

Dorothy complains of frequent headaches, including tension, cluster, and migraine. What is the clinical term for her condition?

answer

cephalalgia

question

An induration of the erectile tissue within the penis is a condition known as

answer

Peyronie's disease

question

Benign fibroid tumors originating in the muscular wall of the uterus, which can produce abnormal pain during menstruation, are also known as

answer

leiomyomas

question

Rabies, an acute infection of the central nervous system that is caused by a virus transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected animal was formerly called

answer

hydrophobia

question

What is the medical term for a condition of newborns in which red blood cells are destroyed due to an incompatibility between the mother's blood and the baby's blood?

answer

erythroblastosis fetalis

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary organs of the endocrine system?

answer

ocular gland

question

Otosclerosis is hardening in the ear of the

answer

stapes and oval window

question

Which disease, also known as pinkeye, is caused by inflammation of the membrane covering the anterior, exposed surface of the eye?

answer

conjunctivitis

question

What is the clinical name of the disease characterized by the progressive loss of muscle, popularly called Lou Gehrig disease after a professional baseball player whose experience brought it to national attention in the 1920's?

answer

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

question

A sleep disorder characterized by sudden uncontrollable episodes of sleep, attacks of paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations is called

answer

narcolepsy

question

The excessive secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex, which is characterized by obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness is known as

answer

Cushing syndrome

question

A progressive disease characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath covering axons within the brain is known as

answer

multiple sclerosis

question

Which of the following is a type of brain tumor which becomes life threatening when it crowds out functional neurons?

answer

glioma

question

The procedure of separating a nerve by removing unwanted adhesions is known as

answer

neurolysis

question

Blepharoptosis can be defined as

answer

a drooping eyelid

question

The medical term syncope, taken from the Greek, is often called

answer

fainting

question

The meibomian gland is a small gland in the eyelid that secretes lubrication fluid onto the conjunctiva. An infection of this gland produces a local swelling of the eyelid, known as

answer

hordeolum

question

The most common form of psychosis, characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and extensive withdrawal from other people and the outside world is

answer

schizophrenia

question

The definition of myelitis is inflammation of the

answer

spinal cord

question

A protrusion of the urinary bladder against the wall of the vagina may occur if the attachments between the two organs weaken. It is called a

answer

cystocele

question

Excessive discharge from the distal end of the penis, which is a symptom of the sexually transmitted infection called gonorrhea, is

answer

balanorrhea

question

A condition in which both the epididymis and one or more testes are inflamed is known as

answer

orchiepididymitis

question

Many individuals who have experienced a severe mental strain or emotional trauma, such as military combat or a physical assault, suffer from an acute condition that includes sleeplessness, anxiety, and paranoia. The abbreviation of this condition is

answer

PTSD

question

Excision of a fallopian tube and ovary is called a

answer

salpingo-oophorectomy

question

The sexually transmitted infection syphilis may be diagnosed by the presence of small ulcers on the skin of the penis, which are called

answer

chancres

question

Which of the following procedures uses ultrasound technology to record brain structures?

answer

echoencephalography

question

The condition in which the individual has more than two elevated areas on the chest or abdomen with areola and nipple is called

answer

polymastia

question

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a hormonal disturbance characterized by

answer

anovulation, amenorrhea, and infertility

question

The loss of the ability to interpret sensory information is a disorder known as

answer

agnosia

question

What is the purpose of a vagotomy?

answer

to reduce acid secretion into the stomach

question

A procedure that involves the use of a computer to interpret a series of images and construct from them a three-dimensional view of the brain is called computed

answer

tomography

question

Excessive production of androgens in women leads to hirsutism and also may lead to muscle and bone growth. This pattern of masculinization is known as

answer

adrenal virilism

question

Surgical fixation of a testis is sometimes required to draw an undescended testis into the scrotum.This procedure is called

answer

orchidopexy

question

A nerve impulse begins when a nerve cell opens its membrane channels to sodium and potassium ions, resulting in a flow of these ions across the cell membrane. Nerve cells are also called

answer

neurons

question

The disease in which the flow of blood to the brain is reduced due to the accumulation of fatty plaques, and which increases the risk of stroke, is called cerebral

answer

atherosclerosis

question

Sonohysterography, a noninvasive procedure that uses ultrasound waves, is used to

answer

visualize the uterus within the pelvic cavity

question

Cryptorchidism is so-named because an undescended testis

answer

is in a location that is hidden from view

question

Normally transparent, the cornea may lose its transparency from exposure to ultraviolet light or become damaged from an injury. The most common treatment of corneal damage is corneal

answer

grafting

question

The withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space in the spinal cord is called

answer

lumbar puncture

question

The most common form of testicular carcinoma, which has a mortality rate highest among the 20- to 29-year-old age group, and which arises from sperm-forming cells, is called

answer

seminoma

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