question

In comparison to typical students, students who are exceptional?

answer

have both similarities and differences

question

most exceptional learners

answer

are average in more ways than they are not.

question

Which one of the following descriptions distinguishes best between a disability and a handicap?

answer

Disabilities are an inabilities to do something (impairments), while handicaps are disadvantages imposed on an individual.

question

Annette is a high school student who reads at the level of a typical third grader. She wants to get her driver's license, but is unable to read the driver's manual or the questions on the driving test. For purposes of driver training, Annette would be considered to have

answer

a disability and a handicap

question

Although no two students are alike, to be legally considered "exceptional" for purposes of their school program, students must

answer

require special educational services to achieve.

question

Which one of the following students most resembles the "typical"student who receives special education services?

answer

Joe is an elementary school student with a learning disability.

question

By federal law, an exceptional student is eligible for special education when

answer

careful assessment indicates he or she is unable to make satisfactory progress in the regular school program.

question

The majority of students who receive special education services fall within which age range?

answer

6-17

question

Dramatic increases in prevalence figures since 1995 have been recorded for children identified as having

answer

autism spectrum disorder.

question

Which one of the following provides the best definition of special education?

answer

special education means specifically designed instruction that meets individual needs of exceptional students

question

The single most important goal of special education is

answer

finding and capitalizing on exceptional students abilities.

question

Contemporary educational methods for exceptional children can be traced directly to techniques pioneered during the

answer

early 1800s

question

All of the following practices promote integration EXCEPT

answer

institutionalization

question

Which one of the following provides the best description of normalization?

answer

the belief that people with disabilities should have experiences as similar as possible to those of people without disabilities

question

With respect to the nature-nurture controversy, authorities now

answer

believe that both hereditary and environment are crucial determinants of intelligence.

question

Parent organizations have served all of these functions EXCEPT

answer

evaluating special education programs.

question

Which of the following is NOT a reason parents of children with severe disabilities cite for supporting inclusion?

answer

because even though nondisabled students do not become more sensitive to students with disabilities, they should still have to see them

question

Which federal provision requires that children with disabilities be provided with a free, appropriate public education?

answer

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

question

Which one of the following accomplishments is associated with the Americans with Disabilities Act?

answer

requirement that public transportation be made accessible to people with disabilities

question

Which of the following accomplishments is associated with IDEA?

answer

requirement that schools provide individualized education programs in the least restrictive environment for all students with disabilities

question

Under IDEA, each state and locality must have a plan to ensure all of the following EXCEPT

answer

providing services to equal numbers of males and females.

question

Which federal act requires most students with disabilities to take standard tests of academic achievement and to achieve at a level equal to that of students without disabilities?

answer

No Child Left Behind Act

question

What is the distinction between litigation and legislation?

answer

Legislation involves passing a law, whereas litigation interprets the meaning of the law.

question

This law provides protections of civil rights in the specific areas of employment, transportation, public accommodations, state and local government, and telecommunications:

answer

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

question

Litigation in special education

answer

has been brought primarily by parents whose children are disabled and are being denied appropriate special education services.

question

Each of the following is a misconception about people with disabilities EXCEPT

answer

Professionals are in agreement about the extent to which technology can and should be used.

question

Prereferral teams serve all of the following purposes EXCEPT

answer

Developing IEP's for all students who need them.

question

Response to intervention (RTI) is a prereferral model most often used in determining whether a child has a specific learning disability. In this model,

answer

it is assumed that the general education teacher's instruction is evidence-based and of high quality.

question

Response to intervention (RTI)

answer

can be applied to social behavior and academic learning.

question

Frequent measures that provide information on whether a student is learning as expected are

answer

progress monitoring assessments

question

Each of the following components must be included on an individualized education program (IEP) EXCEPT

answer

student's IQ score.

question

Which of the following represents the legally correct sequence of IEP development within planning of special education services?

answer

evaluation, development of IEP, placement

question

Each of the following people is typically on an IEP team EXCEPT

answer

a special education lawyer.

question

Educational services and placement for exceptional student depends on

answer

a student characteristics and community resources.

question

Cain is a regular third-grade teacher. She teaches most subjects to all of her students; however, Mrs. Cleveland, a special educator, provides reading and math instruction to exceptional students in the class. She also teaches organizational and study skills to all the students. What type of intervention is modeled by these teachers?

answer

co-teaching

question

Estella has a learning disability. Her primary placement is most likely a

answer

regular classroom.

question

Nationwide, what percentage of students with disabilities is educated primarily in general education classrooms?

answer

more than 50

question

in co-teaching,

answer

general and special educators teach together in the same classroom.

question

For students with disabilities, the objective of partial participation is

answer

exposure to activities experienced by all students.

question

Bill is a student with low vision. His teacher provides him with a set of large-type notes at the beginning of each lecture. This is an example of

answer

accommodation.

question

All teachers must be prepared to work with exceptional students for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

answer

Radical reforms of special education threaten special education as a separate, identifiable part of education.

question

A student who performs or behaves poorly in school and appears likely to fail or fall short of his or her potential is

answer

at risk

question

All teachers should expect to participate in educating students with disabilities. Which one of the following responsibilities is a general education classroom teacher LEAST likely to have?

answer

managing serious behavior problems.

question

Which of the following is an expectation for general education teachers?

answer

participating in writing individualized education programs

question

What makes special education "special" is

answer

instruction that is altered to meet the needs of exceptional learners.

question

The dimension of instruction that refers to the speed of introducing new concepts is

answer

pace.

question

The key to improving special education is

answer

exceptional instruction.

question

All of the following statements about the Common Core State Standards Initiative are true EXCEPT

answer

Research documents that, when states mandate that students with disabilities must take a Common Core State Standards test, the achievement of these students improves dramatically.

question

Assessments that compare a student's performance with that of other students are all of the following EXCEPT

answer

progress monitoring assessments.

question

Standardized tests

answer

should be used to compare students with disabilities before and after they receive special instruction.

question

Research has demonstrated that interactions between parents and their infants

answer

is reciprocal—sometimes the infant's reactions determine the mother's behavior, and sometimes the opposite occurs.

question

Unlike the past, many professionals now view early intervention as an opportunity to

answer

support the natural parent-child relationship.

question

An IFSP refers to an

answer

individualized family service plan.

question

Stage theories of reaction to having a child with a disability have been questioned for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

answer

the majority of parents do not experience changes in emotions.

question

When dealing with the public, one of the most difficult things that parents are likely to face is

answer

inappropriate responses of others to their children with disabilities.

question

Each of the following statements about parental adjustment and stress is true EXCEPT

answer

The more severe the disability, the greater the stress.

question

In families of a child with a disability, parental stress is usually the result of

answer

daily burdens related to child care.

question

Which one of the following is regarded by some parents as a positive effect of having a child with a disability?

answer

causes family members to be more tolerant of others

question

Families that exhibit resiliency after having a child with a disability are characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT

answer

They like to take things as they come rather than attempting to establish routines.

question

Young siblings of a child with a disability are likely to

answer

have just as difficult, if not more difficult time coping with their feelings than their parents.

question

Tina and Jim have three children, one of whom has a disability. Several professionals work for them, encouraging the family to make its own decisions and get professional and informal support. This approach to intervention is consistent with which model?

answer

family-centered

question

The family systems approach emphasizes

answer

interrelationships among the family and other social systems.

question

Family systems theory

answer

emphasizes understanding interactions among family members.

question

The degree to which families are able to change their modes of interaction when they encounter unusual or stressful situations refers to

answer

adaptability

question

The numerous routines in which families engage to meet their many and diverse needs is referred to as

answer

family functions.

question

Families sometimes prefer passive involvement in educational decision-making because they

answer

need to attend to other functions.

question

A life-cycle perspective on the impact on the family of having a child with a disability

answer

considers how the impact changes over time.

question

Families of a child with a disability tend to experience most stress during

answer

transitions.

question

Transitions between stages in the life of a child with disabilities are difficult because

answer

each new phase presents uncertainty to the family.

question

Which one of the following is the best example of a resource that is likely to be tapped in the social support systems approach?

answer

neighbors

question

Functional behavioral assessment involves evaluation of each of the following EXCEPT

answer

disciplinary style.

question

Positive behavior and intervention supports should be applied

answer

during routines in which the family normally engages.

question

A frequent complaint made by parents about communication with teachers is that

answer

they only hear from school personnel when their child has misbehaved.

question

The key to a successful parent-teacher conference is

answer

being prepared and planning.

question

Ms. Chico, a sixth-grade teacher, arranges a parent-teacher conference with Mr. and Mrs. Yuba to discuss a problem she is having with their son, Bobby, who has learning disabilities. Most authorities would recommend that Ms. Chico

answer

emphasize positive things about Bobby, along with the negative.

question

Q: Will being in RTI slow down my child getting in to Special Education if needed?

answer

A: No. Because of the unique three-tier design, the child will progress through tiers until they receive the help needed. If they reach the final tier and are still not reaching their goals, they will be tested to determine placement in Special Education.

question

Q: What if, while in RTI, my child does not improve but becomes worse?

answer

A: If the child does not seem to be improving, then he will continue through the tier process until goals are met. If the child reaches tier 3 without improvement, the school will test and determine Special Education options.

question

Q: What is considered significant improvement in regards to early dismissal from RTI?

answer

A: Significant improvement varies from child to child. The goals which are set at the beginning help determine that child's progress and they are tested at set intervals and not just at the end of the process. This is to be constantly monitoring progress or a lack thereof.

question

Q: What if my child's improvement is not meeting the standard in the allotted time?

answer

A: If the child is not meeting the goals in the set time, then she will be moved to the next tier. Because of the increase of intensity in each tier, the goal is that the child will eventually improve in that tier or will be placed in Special Education where her needs will be more appropriately addressed.

question

Q: As the parent, what is my role?

answer

A: The parent's role is to first identify if the school has an RTI program. Then at any point in an RTI process, IDEA allows parents to request a formal evaluation to determine eligibility for special education. The involvement of the parent is encouraged and helpful especially in continuing the progress made during the interventions at home.

question

Q: Is there an option to have my child evaluated privately at another facility?

answer

A: Yes, this is an option, however, the school is not responsible for this cost of the evaluation. Free evaluations and services are only provided under FAPE in the school. (Refer to page 17 of IDEA Parent Guide)

question

Q: If I choose to have my child evaluated, how do I begin the process?

answer

A: The first step would be to make a formal request in writing, and present your concerns to your child's school district. It is also important to talk to your child's teacher about their performance and behavior in the classroom.

question

Q: What should I provide in my written request/referral for an evaluation?

answer

A: You should provide specific examples of your child's problems, for example handwriting samples, homework assignments, assessment records, family background, and evidence of your concerns. Refer to page 86 of the Parent Guide for a worksheet to organize your thoughts.

question

What is a Prior Written Notice?

answer

A written notice that the school must provide to the parents of a student with a disability within a reasonable time.

question

Does the school provide a Prior Written Notice?

answer

Yes, if they wish to evaluate the student, determine whether the student is eligible for special education services, change the student's evaluation or educational placement or educational plan (IEP), refuse the parents' request to evaluate their child or change their child's educational plan (IEP) or placement.

question

Where can I find parental rights of my child in the school?

answer

In the Procedural Safeguard Notice; a formal document that describes the rights and protections of both you and your child.

question

What are the students' rights regarding the process to determine if they can be placed in an interim alternative educational setting?

answer

if your child possesses or attempts to sell a weapon or illegal drugs, or inflicts serious bodily harm on another person at school, on school grounds or at a school function, the school district may place your child in an interim alternative educational setting (IAES), such as an alternative school, for up to 45 school days, without your written consent, whether your child has a disability or not.

question

Can I as a parent see and have access to my child's records?

answer

You have the right to see your child's educational records, to have copies and to have the records explained to you by school officials. If the records contain inaccurate or misleading information, you may ask that they be changed or make a written request for a hearing to challenge the information. School districts may release your child's records without your consent to other school officials or teachers who have legitimate educational interests in your child. They may also release records without consent in health or safety emergencies. If your child transfers to another district, the school district may release the records if you are informed that the records will be forwarded and have a chance to request the records and challenge any misinformation.

question

How long will it take for my child to go through the evaluation process before being placed?

answer

A: Some states have their own official timelines for evaluation, but under IDEA 2004, the states without established timelines, must complete the evaluation within 60 days after receiving parental consent.

question

What can I do to help?

answer

Make sure that you are participating in your child's evaluation process. Take time to learn about what tests are being done on your child and provide a complete background of your child's educational, psychological and medical history so that any examination is fully accurate.

question

Do I have to go through the public school system in order to have my child evaluated for special education?

answer

No, there is always the option of having your child evaluated in a private setting, but it would be at your own cost.

question

How often must my child be reevaluated, and can I request a reevaluation?

answer

A child must be reevaluated every three years to ensure progress in the program or determine whether or not the program is still needed. A reevaluation must be conducted at the parent's request at any time.

question

Do the meetings have to be held in person?

answer

No, meetings can be held over the phone or through video conferences.

question

Does the parent and the qualified team have to be present during meetings determining eligibility?

answer

Yes, for each meeting to take place the parent and the qualified team must attend to discuss the child's eligibility.

question

How will we know if our child is being accurately identified with a disability?

answer

The following 3 factors are used to filter results to ensure appropriate placement: lack of appropriate instruction in reading (must include essential components of reading instruction as defined in "No Child Left Behind"), lack of instruction in math, and limited English proficiency.

question

Is there a set, inflexible plan for each child or is there a way to change and grow as the child progresses?

answer

There is a plan made once the child has qualified for special services, however as the child progresses the plan may be accommodated to the child's individual needs.

question

What happens in the meetings to determine eligibility?

answer

Introductions of those attending, A review of the results of your child's evaluation, A review of any material that you, as a parent, want to have included as part of the determination, Discussion of the evaluation results, Determination of eligibility and educational needs of the student.

question

What does it mean by discipline within 10 days or less?

answer

Students are normally disciplined within 10 days, or they will begin to receive further consequences and discipline. Parents should understand the code of conduct and hold their child responsible to them.

question

Are students with disabilities disciplined to the same extent as a regular student?

answer

A student with a disability can be disciplined the same as any other student if they have an IEP in effect. If parents are concerned with behavior becoming problematic they may make sure that these concerns are addressed in the IEP process.

question

What is the difference between FBA and BIP?

answer

Both use a variety of strategies. FBA selected interventions that addressed the problem behavior and tried to identify what the reasons for these problem behaviors were, while BIP only uses supplementary aids to directly address these behaviors.

question

What is an example of an IAES?

answer

The kids are only there temporarily. Alternative classrooms, resource rooms, or homebound placement.

question

What do you do if your student is not IDEA Eligible yet?

answer

If the child's parent has expressed concern in writing to the school personnel, or about a pattern of behavior that might call for a referral, or if the parent has requested an evaluation, then the child might be eligible for IDEA.

question

The following 3 factors are used to filter results to ensure appropriate placement:

answer

lack of appropriate instruction in reading (must include essential components of reading instruction as defined in "No Child Left Behind"), lack of instruction in math, and limited English proficiency.

question

Who all can access my child's IEP after it is finalized?

answer

The IEP is restricted to the team of people working with your child. This includes parents, teachers, related resources and anyone who is involved in the IEP meetings. If someone was not involved in the meeting, it is still important to notify the child is on an IEP.

question

If an IEP proves to be too difficult can it be changed?

answer

It can be revised and everyone involved must be notified of the changes. The only people allowed to make the changes are the parents and the schools.

question

Is an IEP transferable?

answer

IEP's are transferable both within the same state and also between states. The new school must provide a similar IEP with comparable services as the original IEP.

question

What is the time period in which the goal of the IEP should be achieved.

answer

The team sets annual goals, but has short-term goals that assist in bringing the child to the final goal. Quarterly progress checks are given along with report cards.

question

If a person on the IEP team asked to be excused from future meetings, how do you replace that individual?

answer

As a parent, you have the right to replace within the same discipline and they have to know the child. Another option is to reschedule the meeting so that everyone can attend.

question

If my child's IEP determines that private school is the best service for him/her, what happens to their FAPE?

answer

If the public school district determines that private school is a better fit for your student, they continue to have all the same rights as a public school student, including FAPE.

question

What is the difference between parentally-placed private school children with disabilities and unilateral private placement?

answer

Parentally-placed is when the student is placed in a private school prior to being found IDEA eligible. Unilateral private placement is when the student is placed in a private school after being found IDEA eligible.

question

If a child is enrolled in a private school, what is the public school in that district's role in consultations with the private school?

answer

The public school must be involved in Child Find, funding, and provision of services for the child in the private school setting.

question

If my child's IEP determines that private school is the best service for him/her, who is responsible for payment?

answer

If the public school district determines that private school is a better fit for your student through the IEP, the school district is responsible for all payment, including tuition and transportation at private school.

question

If a parent chooses to remove their student from a public school without the school district's agreement, will any of the cost of private education be covered by that school district?

answer

Funding will be severely limited unless the parent/guardian provides a written notice before removing their child from the public school.

question

What is the ideal relationship between family/parents and school/educators?

answer

Ideally, they work together as a team for the betterment of the student. Good communication will minimize disputes and disagreements and facilitate better service. However, if parents are unhappy with services or assessment provided, IDEA provides options for mediation.

question

What are the different methods that IDEA provides to settle disputes?

answer

There are various dispute resolutions options available for parents and school districts to resolve disagreements. Mediation is a less formal option prior to filing a due process complaint. Other more formal options are due process complaint, a resolution sessions, due process hearing, and a civil suit.

question

Should I file for mediation or a due process complaint?

answer

The mediation process is a less formal session with a third party to help resolve disputes between the parent and school staff. If the complaint brought to attention during this time isn't mediated to the parents' liking then the parent should file a Due Process Complaint. This option is more serious and will require an official hearing conducted by the state education department or by the local school district.

question

How will things change after resolving disagreements and reaching resolution?

answer

Agreements should provide details of all actions and activities to be undertaken by either party, including any changes to be incorporated into the student's IEP as a result of the settlement.

question

What do parents do if they are not satisfied with the results of a due process hearing?

answer

If parents are not satisfied with the results of a due process hearing, parents are able to file a civil suit against the state or the school district within 90 days after the decision been made in the due process hearing.

question

What is the difference between Early Intervening and Early Intervention?

answer

Early intervening refers to kids who need additional services but are not yet qualified for Special Education services that are funded by IDEA.

question

What are Prereferral Interventions?

answer

Interventions delivered in the student's regular classroom that attempt to improve learning prior to a referral for special education evaluation.

question

What are some possible causes for my child's difficulty learning if they do not have a learning disability?

answer

There may be an issue with inadequate instruction or cultural or language differences.

question

What is the purpose of Early Intervening Services?

answer

It is a quicker and more cost effective way to initially detect a problem. These services may be enough for the child to succeed, if they are not - services can be extended to the RTI process.

question

Do parents have to pay for these services?

answer

There is a fund set aside in public schools that the district may pull from.

question

1. Why does my child need transition services?

answer

Students who have disabilities can often have difficulty with the transition between high school and their adult life. Transition services are crucial to improve the success of of the student as they enter their new phase of adulthood.

question

What is the age range at which a child usually goes through a transition period?

answer

This information is given to middle school, high school students and their parents, to prepare them for the transition period when they are 16 or older.

question

What can I do as a parent to help my child through this transition period?

answer

Parents actively participate in planning the student's life after high school by working with the schools, defining goals and aspirations that prepare their child for transitions into adult life.

question

With an IEP team, who else is involved in the transition period?

answer

The "Individual Education Program Team" is expanded during the planning of the transition period with representatives of other agencies such as: vocational rehabilitation agency or postsecondary education.

question

What if my child doesn't benefit from the services given by alternative agencies?

answer

The school is required by law to find different ways to meet the needs of your child if they are not appropriately helped by alternative agencies.

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